Ruling on Prayer Behind a Fāsiq or Corrupt-Belief Imam
Source: Fatāwā Rāshidiyyah, p. 292
❖ Question:
Is it valid to perform prayer behind an imam who has corrupt beliefs, prays contrary to the Sunnah, or is a fāsiq (open sinner) such as a fornicator?
❖ Answer:
الحمد لله، والصلاة والسلام على رسول الله، أما بعد!
✿ 1. Prayer Behind a Corrupt-Belief Imam
- If by “corrupt belief” is meant denial of the fundamental articles of faith, then such a person is outside the fold of Islam.
- Prayer behind such a person is invalid, because Allah ﷻ says:
﴿وَمَن يَعْمَلْ مِنَ ٱلصَّـٰلِحَـٰتِ مِن ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنثَىٰ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَأُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ يَدْخُلُونَ ٱلْجَنَّةَ وَلَا يُظْلَمُونَ نَقِيرًۭا﴾ (النساء: 124)
“Whoever does righteous deeds, male or female, while being a believer – such will enter Paradise, and not the least injustice will be done to them.”
➡ Acceptance of deeds depends upon correct faith. If faith is invalid, his prayer is also invalid, and praying behind him is meaningless.
✿ 2. Prayer Behind a Fāsiq, Fājir, or Innovator Imam
- A person who openly sins, follows bidʿah, or prays contrary to the Sunnah should not be appointed imam.
- Making such a person imam promotes his bidʿah and corruption, which is sinful.
✿ Relevant Hadith Evidence
① Tirmidhī – Hadith of Abū Umāmah رضي الله عنه
The Prophet ﷺ said:
((ثلاثة لا تجاوز صلواتهم آذانهم: العبد الآبق حتى يرجع، وامرأة باتت وزوجها عليها ساخط، وإمام قوم وهم له كارهون))
— Jāmiʿ al-Tirmidhī, Kitāb al-Ṣalāh, Bāb mā jāʾ fī man amma qawman wa hum lahu kārihūn, ḥadīth 360 – ḥasan
“Three people’s prayers do not go beyond their ears:
① A runaway slave until he returns,
② A woman whose husband is displeased with her,
③ An imam whose people dislike him.”
➡ If an imam is fāsiq or bidʿatī, naturally the people dislike praying behind him, and such an imam’s prayer is not accepted.
② Ibn Mājah – Hadith of Ibn ʿAbbās رضي الله عنهما
Here, instead of the third category, the hadith mentions: “Two men who cut off ties with each other.” (ḥasan chain according to Ḥāfiẓ al-ʿIrāqī).
③ Ḥākim – Hadith of Mirthad Ghanawī رضي الله عنه
The Prophet ﷺ said:
((إن سركم أن تقبل صلاتكم فليؤمكم خياركم فإنهم وفدكم فيما بينكم وبين ربكم عز وجل))
— al-Mustadrak, 3/222
“If you wish your prayers to be accepted, let the best among you lead, for they are your representatives before Allah.”
Conclusion
- Prayer behind a corrupt-belief imam: invalid, as he is outside Islam.
- Prayer behind a fāsiq, fājir, or bidʿatī imam: not allowed, as this promotes his sins and innovations.
- The best imam must always be the most righteous, for he stands as an envoy between the congregation and Allah ﷻ.
