This excerpt is taken from Sheikh Hussain bin Mubarak Al-Mawsili's Arabic book Al-Awamer wal-Nawahi, whose Urdu translation has been done by Muhammad Sarwar Gohar Sahib under the title Ahkamat o Mamnoaat.
① Sayyiduna Ka'b bin Malik رضي الله عنه narrates that he asked Sayyiduna Ibn Abi Hudayd رضي الله عنه for his debt in the mosque during the time of the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم, and their voices became loud to the extent that the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم heard it while he was in his house. Then he came towards them, lifted the curtain of his chamber, and called out:
يا كعب! "O Ka'b!"
I said: Messenger of Allah! I am present. He صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم pointed with his hand and said:
قم فاقضه
"Reduce your debt by half."
Reference: Bukhari, Book of Prayer 471. Muslim, Book of Transactions 1558/2.
② Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah رضي الله عنه narrates that I heard the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم say:
من سره أن ينجيه الله من كرب يوم القيامة ، فلينفس عن معسر أو يضع عنه
"Whoever wishes that Allah saves him from the hardships and difficulties of the Day of Resurrection, let him grant respite to the debtor who is in difficulty or reduce his debt."
Reference: Muslim, Book of Transactions 1563/32.
③ Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه narrates that the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم said:
من أنظر معسرا أو وضع له أظله الله يوم القيامة تحت ظل عرشه يوم لا ظل إلا ظله
"Whoever grants respite to a debtor who is in difficulty or reduces his debt, Allah will grant him a place under His Throne on the Day of Resurrection, a day when there will be no shade except His shade."
Reference: Tirmidhi, Book of Sales 1306.
④ Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah رضي الله عنه narrates that I heard the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم say:
من سره أن ينجيه الله من كرب يوم القيامة ، فلينفس عن معسر أو يضع عنه
"Whoever wishes that Allah saves him from the hardships and difficulties of the Day of Resurrection, let him grant respite to the debtor who is in difficulty or reduce his debt."
Reference: Muslim, Book of Transactions 1563/32.
① It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Musa رضي الله عنه that the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم said:
إن أعظم الذنوب عند الله أن يلقاه عبد بعد الكبائر التى نهى الله عنها أن يموت الرجل وعليه دين لا يدع له قضاء
"After the major sins from which Allah has forbidden, the greatest sin in the sight of Allah is that a person dies while having a debt and leaves nothing to pay it off."
Reference: Abu Dawood, Kitab al-Buyu 3342. Musnad Ahmad, Awal Musnad al-Kufiyyin 478/4 Hadith 19514.
② Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه reports that the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم said:
من أخذ أموال الناس يريد أداءها أدى الله عنه ، ومن أخذ يريد إتلافها أتلفه الله
"Whoever takes the wealth of people intending to repay it, Allah will enable him to repay it (or repay it on his behalf), and whoever takes it intending to destroy (kill) it, Allah will destroy him."
Reference: Bukhari, Kitab fi al-Istiqrad wa Ada' al-Duyun wa al-Hajr wa al-Taflis 2387. Ibn Majah, Kitab al-Ahkam 2411. Musnad Ahmad, Baqi Musnad al-Mukathirin 2/489.
③ It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr bin As رضي الله عنهما that the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم said:
يغفر للشهيد كل شيء إلا الدين
"Everything of a martyr is forgiven except his debt."
And in another narration:
القتل فى سبيل الله يحفر كل شيء إلا الدين
"Being martyred in the way of Allah erases everything except debt."
Reference: Muslim, Kitab al-Imarah 119/1886. Musnad Ahmad, Awal Musnad al-Mukathirin min al-Sahaba 2/295 Hadith 7068.
① It is narrated from Sayyidina Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:
مطل الغني ظلم ، وإذا أتبع أحدكم على ملي فليتبع
"It is oppression for a wealthy person to delay the repayment of debt, and when the debt of any one of you is transferred to a wealthy person, it should be accepted."
Reference: This debt should be accepted. Bukhari, Kitab al-Hawalat 2400, 2288. Muslim, Kitab al-Musaqah 33 / 1564. Abu Dawood 3345.
① Sayyidina Abu Rafi’ (may Allah be pleased with him) reports that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) took a young camel on loan, and then camels for charity came to you. The Prophet (peace be upon him) ordered me to return the young camel to that person. I said: I only have one excellent young camel. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:
أعطه إياه ، فإن خيار الناس أحسنهم قضاء
"Give him that one, for the best person is the one who repays his debt in a good manner."
Reference: Muslim, Kitab al-Musaqah 1600.
