This excerpt is taken from Sheikh Hussain bin Mubarak Al-Mosuli's Arabic book Al-Awamer wal Nawaahi, whose Urdu translation has been done by Muhammad Sarwar Gohar Sahib under the title Ahkamaat o Mamnooat.
Hastening in the Payment of Zakat
① It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) that Sayyiduna Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) about paying his zakat before the completion of the year, so that there may be a competition in good deeds. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) permitted him to do so.
Reference: This narration is Hasan. Abu Dawood, Book of Zakat 1624. Tirmidhi, Book of Zakat from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) 678. Ibn Majah, Book of Zakat 1795. Its chain includes Hajjaj bin Dinar who is Hasan al-Hadith.
② It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him):
إنا قد أخذنا زكاة العباس عام الأول للعام
“We took the zakat of Sayyiduna Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) for this year before the year was completed.”
Reference: Tirmidhi 679. Its chain is similar to the previous narration’s chain.
Instructions Regarding Zakat
① It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas رضي الله عنه that when the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم sent Sayyiduna Muadh bin Jabal رضي الله عنه towards Yemen, he said:
إنك تقدم على قوم أهل كتاب فليكن أول ما تدعوهم إلى عبادة الله عزوجل فإذا عرفوا فأخبرهم أن الله فرض عليهم خمس صلوات فى يومهم وليلتهم فإذا فعلوا فأخبرهم أن الله فرض عليهم زكاة تؤخذ من أموالهم فترد على فقرائهم فإذا أطاعوا بها فخذ منهم ، وتوق كرائم أموالهم ، واتق دعوة المظلوم فإنه ليس بينها وبين الله حجاب
"You are going to the People of the Book, so first invite them to worship Allah Almighty. When they accept that, then inform them that Allah has prescribed five prayers upon them during the day and night. When they act upon that, then inform them that Allah has also made charity obligatory on their wealth, which will be taken from their rich and spent on their needy. When they accept that, then collect the charity from them. Take care of their valuable possessions and beware of the curse of the oppressed, for there is no barrier between that (curse) and Allah."
Reference: Bukhari, Book of Faith 1395. Muslim, Book of Zakat 19. Abu Dawood, Book of Zakat 1584.
Instructions Regarding Sadaqah al-Fitr
① Sayyiduna Ibn Umar رضي الله عنه states that the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم made it obligatory for every Muslim man, woman, young, old, free, and slave to give one Sa' (approximately two kilograms and two hundred grams) of dates or barley as Zakat al-Fitr, and he commanded that it be paid before going to the Eid prayer.
Reference: Bukhari, Kitab al-Zakat 1503. Muslim, Kitab al-Zakat 12/984.
