This excerpt is taken from Sheikh Hussain bin Mubarak Al-Mawsili's Arabic book Al-Awamer wal-Nawahi, whose Urdu translation has been done by Muhammad Sarwar Gohar Sahib under the title Ahkamat o Mamnoaat.
① It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jundub رضي الله عنه that the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم said in a hadith:
أن رجلا قال: والله لا يغفر الله لفلان، فقال الله تعالى من ذا الذى يتألى على أن لا أغفر لفلان، فإني قد غفرت له وأحبطت عملك
A man said: By Allah! Allah will not forgive so-and-so. Then Allah Almighty said: Who is it that swears by Me that I will not forgive so-and-so? (Listen!) I have forgiven him, but I have wasted your deeds.
Reference: Muslim, Book of Virtue, Enjoining Good Manners and Joining of the Ties of Kinship 2621/137.
② Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه narrates that he heard the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم say:
كان فى بني إسرائيل رجلان متاخيان أحدهما مذنب والآخر فى العبادة مجتهد فكان لا يزال يرى الآخر على ذنب فيقول: أقصر، فوجده يوما على ذنب فقال: أقصر، فقال: خلني وربي، أبعثت على رقيبا. فقال له: والله لا يغفر الله لك، أو قال: لا يدخلك الله الجنة فقبض الله أرواحهما فاجتمعا عند رب العالمين فقال الرب تعالى للمجتهد: أكنت بما فى يدي قادرا، وقال للمذنب: ادخل الجنة برحمتي، وقال للآخر: اذهبوا به إلى النار
Among the Children of Israel, there were two men who were brothers; one of them was a sinner while the other was very devout in worship. When the righteous man saw the other committing sin, he would say, "Repent." One day, when he saw him sinning, he said, "Repent." The sinner said, "By my Lord! Leave me to my condition. Were you appointed as a guardian over me?" The righteous man said, "By Allah! Allah will not forgive you," or he said, "Allah will not admit you to Paradise." Then Allah took the souls of both of them, and they met before the Lord of the Worlds. Allah said to the worshipper: "Were you able to control My authority?" And He said to the sinner: "Enter Paradise by My mercy." And concerning the other, He said: "Take him to Hell."
Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه said: By Allah! He said something that destroyed his worldly life and hereafter.
Reference: Abu Dawood, Book of Manners 4901. Musnad Ahmad, the remaining Musnad of the most frequent narrators 432/2, Hadith 8312.
① Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Masood رضي الله عنه narrates that the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم said:
من حلف على مال امرئ مسلم بغير حقه لقي الله وهو عليه غضبان
Whoever wrongfully swears over the property of a Muslim, he will meet Allah while He is displeased with him.
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Masood رضي الله عنه states, then the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم recited this verse from the Book of Allah عزوجل:
﴿إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَشْتَرُونَ بِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ وَأَيْمَانِهِمْ ثَمَنًا قَلِيلًا﴾
Indeed, those who take a small price in exchange for Allah's covenant and their oaths.
Reference: Bukhari, Book of Tafsir al-Quran 4549, 4550. Muslim, Book of Faith 138/222.
② Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Anis رضي الله عنه narrates, the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم mentioned major sins and said:
وما حلف حالف بالله يمين صبر فأدخل فيها مثل جناح بعوضة إلا جعلت نكتة فى قلبه إلى يوم القيامة
Whoever is compelled to swear and inserts something as small as a mosquito's wing into it, on the Day of Resurrection a point will be placed on his heart.
Reference: Tirmidhi, Book of Tafsir al-Quran 3020. Musnad Ahmad, Musnad al-Makkiyyin 600/3, Hadith 16049.
③ Sayyiduna Imran bin Husain رضي الله عنه narrates, the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم said:
من حلف على يمين مصبورة كاذبا فليتبوأ بوجهه مقعده من النار
Whoever is forced to swear and swears falsely, he has by his own choice made his abode in Hell.
Reference: Abu Dawood, Al-Iman wal-Nudhur, Hadith 3242.
① It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Umar رضي الله عنهما that the Prophet Muhammad صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم heard Sayyiduna Umar taking an oath by his father, so he said:
إن الله ينهاكم أن تحلفوا بآبائكم فمن كان حالفا فليحلف بالله أو ليصمت
Allah has forbidden you from taking oaths by your forefathers, so whoever swears should swear by Allah or remain silent.
Reference: Bukhari, Book of Manners 6108. Muslim, Book of Faith 1646/3.
② Sayyiduna Nafi narrates from Sayyiduna Ibn Umar رضي الله عنهما that he heard a man taking an oath by the Kaaba, so he said to him: Do not swear by anyone other than Allah because I heard the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم say:
من حلف بغير الله فقد كفر وأشرك
Whoever swears by anyone other than Allah has committed disbelief and polytheism.
Reference: Abu Dawood, Book of Faith and Vows 3251. Tirmidhi, Book of Vows and Faith 1535. This hadith is Hasan.
③ It is narrated from Sayyiduna Buraidah رضي الله عنه that the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم said:
من حلف بالأمانة فليس منا
Whoever swears by a trust is not one of us.
Reference: Abu Dawood, Book of Faith and Vows 3253. Tirmidhi, Book of Vows and Faith 1535. This hadith is Hasan.
① Sayyiduna Thabit bin Dhahak رضي الله عنه reports that the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم said:
من حلف بملة غير ملة الإسلام كاذبا فهو كما قال
Whoever takes a false oath by any religion other than Islam will be as he has said.
Reference: Abu Dawood, Book of Faith and Oaths 3257. Bukhari, Book of Faith and Oaths 6047. Muslim, Book of Faith 110/176.
② Sayyiduna Buraydah رضي الله عنه reports that the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم said:
من حلف فقال: إني بريء من الإسلام، فإن كان كاذبا فهو كما قال، وإن كان صادقا فلن يرجع إلى الإسلام سالما
Whoever swears and says: I am disassociated from Islam, if he is lying, then he is as he said, and if he is truthful, then still he does not return safely to Islam.
Reference: Abu Dawood 3258. An-Nasa'i in Faith and Oaths 67. Ibn Majah, Book of Expiations 2100.
