This excerpt is taken from Sheikh Farooq Rafi Sahib's book Qurbani, Aqiqa, and Ashra Zil-Hijjah.
There is no clear authentic evidence regarding starting the Takbeerat upon sighting the moon of Eid al-Adha. Rather, the transmitted Marfoo' and Mawqoof narrations on this matter are weak and not reliable. Therefore, according to the correct position, the Takbeerat of Eid al-Adha should begin at the time of Fajr on the 9th of Dhu al-Hijjah and end after Asr on the 13th of Dhu al-Hijjah, as was explained in detail in the previous discussion.
Statement of Weak Narrations:
① It is narrated from Abdullah bin Umar رضي الله عنه that the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
ما من أيام أعظم عند الله ولا أحب إليه من العمل فيهن من هذه الأيام العشر، فأكثروا فيهن من التهليل والتكبير والتحميد
"There are no days greater with Allah than the first ten days of Dhu al-Hijjah, and the deeds of these days are not more beloved to Allah than the deeds of other days. So, increase in saying Tahleel, Takbeer, and Tahmeed abundantly during these days."
Reference: Weak: Musnad Ahmad: 75/2, 131/2.
Yazid bin Abi Ziyad al-Kufi is a weak narrator who fabricates, and his chain is also continuous in this hadith.② It is narrated from Ibn Abbas رضي الله عنهما that the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
ما من أيام أفضل عند الله ولا العمل فيهن أحب إلى الله عز وجل من هذه الأيام العشر، فأكثروا فيهن من التهليل والتكبير وذكر الله، فإنها أيام التهليل والتكبير وذكر الله
"The first ten days of Dhu al-Hijjah are superior to the other days in the sight of Allah, and their deeds are more beloved than the deeds of the other days. Therefore, increase in saying Tahleel, Takbeer, and Dhikr abundantly during these days, for these are the days of Tahleel, Takbeer, and Dhikr of Allah."
Reference: Very weak: Shu'ab al-Iman by Al-Bayhaqi: 356/3, Da'if Targhib wa Tarhib: 7305.
Abdullah bin Muhammad bin Wahb ad-Dinawari is accused of lying, and Yahya bin Isa Ramli is a weak narrator.
③ There is a suspended narration in Sahih Bukhari:
كان ابن عمر وأبو هريرة يخرجان إلى السوق فى أيام العشر يكبران ويكبر الناس بتكبيرهما
"Our master Ibn Umar رضي الله عنه and our master Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه used to go out to the market during the first ten days of Dhu al-Hijjah and say Takbeerat, and the people would say Takbeerat along with them."
Reference: Sahih Bukhari, Book of Eidain, Chapter on the Virtue of Deeds in the Ten Days, its chain is weak.
(This narration is weak due to being suspended and without a chain; Hafiz Ibn Hajar states that he did not find this narration with a detailed chain, and Imam Bayhaqi and Imam Baghawi also narrated it as suspended.)
Reference: Fath al-Bari: 590/30.
④ Our master Ibn Abbas رضي الله عنه explained the tafsir of ويذكروا اسم الله فى أيام معلومات that the "Ayyam al-Ma'loomat" refers to the first ten days of Dhu al-Hijjah.
Reference: Sahih Bukhari, Book of Eidain, Chapter on the Virtue of Deeds in the Days of Tashreeq.
It is not correct to deduce from this tafsir of Ibn Abbas رضي الله عنه that Takbeerat are prescribed during the first ten days of Dhu al-Hijjah because Ibn Abbas رضي الله عنه also narrated that the "Ayyam al-Ma'loomat" are the Day of Sacrifice and the three days following it, and Imam Tahawi considered this latter opinion as stronger because of Allah's statement:
﴿وَيَذْكُرُوا اسْمَ اللَّهِ فِي أَيَّامٍ مَّعْلُومَاتٍ عَلَىٰ مَا رَزَقَهُم مِّن بَهِيمَةِ الْأَنْعَامِ﴾
"And mention Allah during the known days which He has appointed for you."
Reference: Al-Hajj: 28
From this, it is understood that the "Ayyam al-Ma'loomat" refers to the days of sacrifice (not the first ten days of Dhu al-Hijjah).
Reference: Fath al-Bari: 590/2.
Also, the personal practice of Abdullah bin Abbas رضي الله عنه contradicts his first opinion, as Akramah رحمه الله stated:
أن ابن عباس كان يكبر من غداة عرفة إلى صلاة العصر من آخر أيام التشريق
"Undoubtedly, Ibn Abbas رضي الله عنه used to say Takbeerat from the dawn of Arafah until the Asr prayer of the last day of Tashreeq."
Reference: Authentic: Mustadrak Hakim: 299/1, Bayhaqi: 314/3.
