This excerpt is taken from Sheikh Irshad Ullah Maan's book In Search of Truth.
[1] This verse uprooted polytheism.
Reference: (Al-A'raf:188)
[2] Regarding the Companions of the Prophet, may Allah be pleased with them.
Reference: (At-Tawbah:100), (Al-Fath:18, 29)
[3] Testimony on the Day of Judgment.
Reference: (Al-Baqarah:143), (Al-Hajj:78)
[4] The intermediate life of a martyr.
Reference: (Al-Baqarah:154), (Aal Imran:169 to 171)
[5] Beware of sorcery.
Reference: (Al-Baqarah:102), (Yunus:77)
[6] Cooperate in righteousness, do not cooperate in sin.
Reference: (Al-Ma'idah:2)
[7] Who are the rewarded ones?
Reference: (Al-Fatiha:5, 6), (An-Nisa:69)
[8] Surah Al-An'am contains issues of beliefs.
[9] Surah An-Nahl is also called سورۃ النعم because it mentions blessings.
[10] The enemy of the Wali (friend of Allah) is the enemy of Allah.
Reference: (Al-Baqarah:98)
[11] Allah desires ease.
Reference: (Al-Baqarah:185)
[12] The Prophets (peace be upon them) cannot teach disbelief or polytheism.
Reference: (Aal Imran:79, 80)
[13] The name Muhammad (ﷺ) appears four times in the Qur'an.
Reference: (Aal Imran:144), (Al-Ahzab:40), (Muhammad:2), (Al-Fath:29)
[14] Good deeds increase.
Reference: (An-Nisa:40), (Al-An'am:160)
[15] Wrongdoings of clerics and ascetics.
Reference: (Al-Ma'idah:44, 63), (At-Tawbah:31, 34)
[16] Stay in the world for a moment.
Reference: (An-Nazi'at:46), (Yunus:45)
[17] Iblis was a jinn.
Reference: (Al-Kahf:50)
[18] Named Muslim.
Reference: (Al-Hajj:78)
[19] Stages of human life.
Reference: (Al-Hajj:5), (Al-Mu’minun:12 to 14)
[20] Turning evils into good deeds.
Reference: (Al-Furqan:70, 71)
[21] The deception of Satan.
Reference: (Fatir:5)
[22] The believer.
Reference: (Ya-Sin:11)
[23] Satan misled the majority.
Reference: (Ya-Sin:62)
[24] Earning worldly gains in return for good deeds.
Reference: (Ash-Shura:20), (Bani Isra'il:18, 19)
[25] Those who have faith and deeds are few.
Reference: (Sa:24)
[26] This world and the Hereafter.
Reference: (Aal Imran:14, 15), (Al-Hadid:19 to 21)
[27] The benefit of faith.
Reference: (Aal Imran:138, 139)
[28] The reward for recommending good or bad deeds.
Reference: (An-Nisa:85)
[29] Satanic deeds.
Reference: (An-Nisa:117 to 119)
[30] (Rasool) means the one who is sent, and (Nabi) means the one who conveys Allah’s message.
Reference: (Maryam:51), (Al-Hijr:49, 51), (At-Tahrim:3)
[31] The religion is upright and easy.
Reference: (Al-Hajj:78)
[32] Identification of the oppressor, identification of the believer.
Reference: (An-Nur:47 to 56)
[33] The formula for success.
Reference: (Ha Mim As-Sajda:34, 35)
[34] Who is a disbeliever?
Reference: (Al-Mujadila:4, 5), (Al-Hajj:72)
[35] Reward for men.
Reference: (Al-Qamar:36 to 42)
[36] Giving a loan to Allah.
Reference: (Al-Hadid:11), (Al-Muzzammil:20)
[37] Identification of those who succeed in the Hereafter.
Reference: (Al-Hashr:9)
[38] Identification of the polytheist.
Reference: (As-Saff:9)
. Identification of the believer.
Reference: (As-Saff:10 to 14)
Characteristics of the disbeliever.
Reference: (Al-Qalam:10 to 14)
Those who attain success.
Reference: (Ash-Shams:9)
The identification of an innovator (Bid'ati) is that he does not consider the Sunnah, i.e., the way shown by the Messenger ﷺ, sufficient.
Reference: (An-Nisa:115), (Al-Ahzab:36, 66 to 71)
[39] Two lives, two deaths.
Reference: (Al-Baqarah:28), (Al-Mu’min:11)
[40] Prohibition from mosques.
Reference: (Al-Baqarah:114), (At-Tawbah:17, 18)
[41] Regarding the property of orphans.
Reference: (An-Nisa:2, 6, 10, 127), (Al-An’am:152), (Bani Isra’il:34)
[42] Signs of a hypocrite.
Reference: (An-Nisa:61)
[43] Our denial before them, and their denial before Allah (just as today people go to graves and say to those in the graves that we are before you and you are before Allah) such people are disbelievers according to the Quran.
Reference: (Yunus:18), (Az-Zumar:3)
[44] The root of unlawful imitation has been cut off.
Reference: (Al-Anfal:24), (Al-Ahzab:36)
[45] Allah Almighty is the Observer.
Reference: (Al-Baqarah:96, 237, 271, 273)
[46] Those who disobey Allah and His Messenger ﷺ will always be in Hell.
Reference: (Al-Jinn:23)
[47] Death.
Reference: (Aal Imran:185, 168)
Death for all.
Reference: (Al-Ankabut:57), (Ar-Rahman:26, 27)
[48] Denial of returning to the world after death.
Reference: (Ya-Sin:31), (Al-Anbiya:95)
[49] Death is not delayed.
Reference: (Al-Munafiqun:11)
[50] There is no death in the Hereafter.
Reference: (Ibrahim:17), (Ta-Ha:74)
[51] Death and sleep are equal.
Reference: (Az-Zumar:42)
[52] Only one's own deeds will be of use.
Reference: (Al-Baqarah:134, 139)
[53] Life in the grave (Barzakh).
Reference: (Al-Mu’min:11, 46)
[54] Concealing the religion is a crime.
Reference: (Al-Baqarah:159)
[55] Neither fear nor grief (Who are such people?)
Reference: (Al-Baqarah:38, 39, 62, 112, 262, 274, 277)
[56] Denial of the verses is dangerous.
Reference: (Al-Baqarah:39, 85, 99, 101, 121)
[57] Disputing over the verses is dangerous.
Reference: (Ash-Shura:16, 17)
[58] Extracting a twisted meaning from the verses is dangerous.
Reference: (Ha Mim As-Sajda:40), (Yunus:59, 60)
[59] Disagreement in the Book is dangerous.
Reference: (Al-Baqarah:75, 85, 176, 91)
[60] Unlawful imitation is forbidden.
Reference: (Az-Zukhruf:43-44), (Al-Baqarah:120, 137, 145)
[61] Obeying anyone other than Allah and His Messenger ﷺ is following Taghut (false deities).
Reference: (Al-Baqarah:256), (An-Nahl:36)
[62] Forbidden things.
Reference: (An-Nahl:115), (Al-Ma’idah:3), (Al-Baqarah:173), (Al-An’am:145)
[63] The condition of the polytheists on the Day of Judgment.
Reference: (Al-Baqarah:165 to 167), (Al-An’am:22 to 24), (Yunus:28 to 30)
[64] One should seek forgiveness and repent before Allah; this is very beneficial.
Reference: (Nuh:10 to 12), (Al-Anfal:38 to 40)
[65] Allah does not get tired.
Reference: (Al-Baqarah:255)
Allah does not eat.
Reference: (Al-An'am:14)
Allah does not sleep or doze.
Reference: (Al-Baqarah:255)
Allah does not die.
Reference: (Ar-Rahman:26-27)
Allah does not forget.
Reference: (Maryam:64)
[66] Everyone in the heavens and the earth asks from Him.
Reference: (Ar-Rahman:29-30)
He is engaged in a new task every day.
Reference: (Ar-Rahman:29-30)
[67] Allah knows the apparent and the hidden.
Reference: (Al-Baqarah:33-77)
[68] The dead do not hear.
Reference: (An-Nahl:20, 21), (Fatir:13, 14, 22), (Az-Zukhruf:3, 4), (An-Naml:80), (Ar-Rum:52), (Ya-Sin:26, 27, 31), (Al-Mu’minun:12 to 16, 100), (Hidayah:922/1 to 925), (Hidayah:314/4)
[69] In this world, man has apparent control, but after death, this also ends.
Reference: (Al-A'raf:124, 127, 129)
[70] Worship of anyone other than Allah is forbidden.
Reference: (Al-Baqarah:83), (Aal Imran:64, 79, 80)
[71] Satanic deeds.
Reference: (Al-Baqarah:168, 169, 208, 209), (Al-Ma'idah:90-91)
[72] Allah Almighty has exalted the mention of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.
Reference: (Al-Inshirah:4)
The interpretation of this is that among the Prophets and angels, your ﷺ name has been elevated, and in this world and the Hereafter, your ﷺ name is widely mentioned. Thus, no Muslim takes the name of Allah Almighty without also mentioning your ﷺ name. In the declaration of faith, call to prayer, commencement of prayer, sermon, and Tashahhud, etc., after the name of Allah Almighty, your ﷺ name is mentioned, and wherever Allah Almighty has commanded His servants to obey Him, He has also commanded obedience to you ﷺ.[73] Allah Almighty taught man what he did not know.
Reference: (Al-Alaq:5)
[74] The Prophet ﷺ said: Without the mercy of Allah Almighty, no one can enter Paradise, nor can anyone enter Paradise by their deeds alone. The Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, asked: Even you (ﷺ)? He said: Yes! Even I.
Reference: Bukhari, Book of Al-Riqaq, Chapter on Moderation and Consistency in Deeds: [6463], [Muslim, Book of Characteristics of Hypocrites, Chapter: No one will enter Paradise by his deeds, but by the mercy of Allah Almighty: 2816]
[75] The Prophet ﷺ showed humility in giving signs and guidance.
Reference: (Al-An'am:50, 57, 58, 107), (Al-Qasas:56)
[1] No Prophet is the Owner of Benefit and Harm:
O Prophet! Say, I do not possess benefit or harm for myself except what Allah wills. And if I knew the unseen, I would have acquired much good for myself, and no harm would have touched me. I am only a warner and a bringer of good tidings to the believers.
Reference: (Al-A'raf:188)
(That is) whatever is to happen by the Divine Will is happening; I personally do not have enough control or power to prevent any harm to my life or to gain any benefit.
Reference: (Kaza fi al-Salafiyyah)
(That is) I am not a knower of the unseen; if I were, there would be many benefits that I would have gathered due to prior knowledge, and many harms from which I would have saved myself by being forewarned. Here, the word ،،لو،، proves that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, despite being the best of the messengers, did not possess knowledge of the unseen. The incident of Afak is before us. In it, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ remained distressed and worried for many days. Finally, when Allah revealed the declaration of innocence from Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) in the Quran, you ﷺ became aware of the reality of the situation. From this one incident alone, those who call you ﷺ the master of all and knower of the unseen can judge for themselves.From these verses, it is understood that the greatness of the Prophets and the Saints, whom Allah Almighty has made superior to all people, lies in the fact that they guide towards Allah Almighty. Their greatness does not lie in having been given control over the world, such as having power over life and death, nor in being given knowledge of the unseen to know events whenever they wish. (Salafis) This verse uproots polytheism, for when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, who is the leader of all worlds, does not have control over the benefit or harm to his own life nor knowledge of the unseen, then what power does any other Prophet, Saint, elder, poor person, jinn, or angel have to cause benefit or harm to anyone or to reveal any unseen matter? However, whatever unseen matters Allah Almighty informs the Messenger of Allah ﷺ become known to him, and he conveys that information to the people.
Reference: (Az Waheedi)
[3] Testimony on the Day of Resurrection:
And thus We have made you (O Muslims) a just community that you will be witnesses over the people and the Messenger (i.e., Muhammad ﷺ) will be a witness over you. And We did not make the Qiblah which you used to face except that We might make evident who would follow the Messenger from who would turn back on his heels. And indeed, it was difficult except for those whom Allah guided. And never would Allah have caused your prayer to be lost. Indeed, Allah is to the people, Kind and Merciful.
Reference: (Al-Baqarah:143)
(It means) by calling you the middle nation, the purpose is that you attain the status of being witnesses over people in this world and the Hereafter. On the Day of Judgment, you will testify in favor of the Prophets that they conveyed Allah's message to their nations. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ will testify that you demonstrated by acting accordingly. Jabir bin Abdullah رضي الله عنهما narrated that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: I and my nation will be sitting on a high mound on the Day of Judgment, and when any nation denies their Prophet عليه السلام, we will testify that indeed that Prophet conveyed Allah's commands to the nation. This testimony of the nation will be based on the Quranic statement, as mentioned in the hadith that the Ummah of Muhammad will be asked about how they came to know of these events, and they will say: (أخبرنا نبينا بذلك أن الرسل قد بلغوا) that our Prophet informed us that all the Prophets conveyed Allah's commands to their nations.
Reference: Ibn Majah, Abuab al-Zuhd, Bab Sifat Ummah Muhammad ﷺ: 4284
There are also ahadith regarding the martyrdom of the Ummah of Muhammad (ﷺ). In one hadith, it is mentioned that the distinction and recognition of good and bad people will be based on your testimony; those whom you praise are good, and those whom you criticize are bad.
Reference: Tafsir Ibn Kathir:262/1
Once, regarding two funerals, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ declared one as destined for Paradise and the other for Hellfire based solely on the testimony of the companions, and he also explained the reason for this: (أنتم شهداء الله في الأرض) that you are witnesses for Allah on earth.
Reference: Bukhari, Book of Funerals, Chapter: Praising the deceased: 1367
[4] The Martyr's Life in the Barzakh (Intermediate World):
And do not say of those who are killed in the way of Allah that they are dead; rather, they are alive, but you do not perceive it.
Reference: (Al-Baqarah:154)
The above verse commands patience and prayer for the establishment of religion. Here, there is encouragement for jihad
Reference: (Kabir)
. When some companions were martyred in the Battle of Badr, some people said that so-and-so has died, and with him, the comfort and luxury of life have been lost. Some narrations indicate that the disbelievers made such remarks about the martyrs, and this verse was revealed in response
Reference: (Fath al-Bayan and Kabir)
. Martyrs have an intermediate life, and it is proven from the hadiths that their souls are living in comfort and luxury in Paradise
Reference: (See Al Imran:169-170)
. The Quran and hadiths prove that after death, every person has life in the Barzakh (intermediate state)
Reference: (See Surah Al-Mu’min:11, 46), (Surah Ibrahim:27)
. However, the soul of a believer is in comfort, and the soul of a disbeliever is in torment. Allah Almighty said: (O Prophet!) Do not consider those who are killed in the way of Allah as dead; they are alive with their Lord, receiving provision, rejoicing in what Allah has bestowed upon them out of His bounty. And those who have not yet joined them (are alive in this world) but are behind them, rejoicing that neither fear nor grief will touch them. They rejoice in the favor and bounty of Allah and that Allah does not waste the reward of the believers
Reference: (Al Imran:169 to 171)
.In the hadiths, it is mentioned that the souls of the martyrs travel in paradise inside green birds and remain suspended beneath the Throne with lanterns.
Reference: Muslim, Kitab al-Imara, Chapter on the Explanation that the Souls of the Martyrs... etc.: 1887
This life of the world of Barzakh is granted to the martyrs. Also see:
Reference: (Al-Baqarah:154)
It is proven that the martyrs are alive in paradise, not alive in their graves.[15] The Wrong Actions of Maulvis and Dervishes:
Indeed, We revealed the Torah, in it was guidance and light. The Prophet who was subject to Allah’s command (who came after Prophet Musa, peace be upon him, among the Children of Israel) used to give the Jews commands in accordance with it, and besides the prophets, the elders and Maulvis (also gave commands according to it) because they were made the guardians (trustees) of Allah’s Book and they preserved it. So O Jews! Do not fear people but fear Me, and do not take a small price (bribe) in exchange for My verses (do not hide My command for a bribe), and those who do not judge by what Allah has revealed are the disbelievers.
Reference: (Al-Ma'idah:44)
Hasan Basri says: Allah Almighty has made three things obligatory upon the rulers: not to follow desires, not to care about anyone in making correct decisions, and not to take bribes to make wrong decisions. And it is in Surah Al-Ma'idah: Why do their scholars and religious leaders not forbid them from lying and consuming unlawful wealth? Indeed, they have been doing evil.
Reference: (Al-Ma'idah:63)
That is, those scholars and religious leaders who have silenced their tongues from speaking the truth and forbidding evil will surely receive a harsher punishment than the sinners.
Reference: (Ibn Jarir)
And mentioning their bad traits, Allah Almighty says in
Reference: Surah At-Tawbah
: Those people have taken their clerics and ascetics (scholars and sheikhs) and the son of Mary as lords besides Allah (who is One), while they were commanded (by Allah) to worship only One (the true) Allah, besides whom there is no true deity (all others are false deities). He is free from their polytheism. They wish to extinguish Allah’s light (the Quran or religion or the prophethood) with their mouths (by uttering falsehoods), but Allah will not allow except that His light be perfected, even if the disbelievers dislike it. He is the One who sent His Prophet with guidance and the true religion (Islam) to prevail over all religions, even if the polytheists dislike it. O Muslims! Many clerics and sheikhs among the People of the Book wrongfully consume people’s wealth and hinder them from the way of Allah.
Reference: (At-Tawbah:31 to 34)
(That is) by taking bribes, giving false issues, hiding the glad tidings about the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, misinterpreting them, and deceiving people under the pretense of protecting and preaching the religion. Imam Razi says: In this era, many scholars and sheikhs are also digesting people's wealth through similar tricks and means.
Reference: (Kabir, Ibn Kathir)
[24] Earning worldly gains in exchange for good deeds:
Whoever desires the harvest of the Hereafter (its reward) through good deeds, We will increase his harvest, and whoever desires the harvest of this world (its benefit, wealth, and possessions), We will give him that, and he will have no share in the Hereafter.
Reference: (Ash-Shura:20)
(That is) We grant him more ability to do good deeds in this world and increase his reward in the Hereafter from ten to seven hundred times, and whoever desires the worldly harvest has no share in the Hereafter, because his intention behind the deeds was never to attain the reward of the Hereafter. There is also a hadith that whoever performs deeds for the Hereafter but desires the world, will have no share in the Hereafter. See:
Reference: (Bani Isra'il:18, 19)
Shah Sahib writes: Those who work hard for the world and are granted favorable fortune, this benefit of their effort is not in the Hereafter. And it is in
Reference: Bani Israel
: Whoever desires the good of this world, We grant it to him quickly as much as We wish, then (for the Hereafter) We have prepared Hell for him in which he will enter disgraced and rejected. And whoever desires the good of the Hereafter and strives for it as he should, and is a believer, then the efforts of such people will be accepted by Allah's court. We give help from your Lord's forgiveness to both those who desire the world and those who desire the Hereafter, and no one can encompass your Lord's forgiveness.
Reference: (Bani Israel: 18 to 20)
(That is) he performs righteous deeds merely to gain worldly benefit and prosperity, like a hypocrite or show-off. That is, his purpose is fulfilled but not to the extent he desires, rather to the extent that We want. It has already been mentioned that the verse of Surah Hud: [نُوَفِّ إِلَيْهِمْ أَعْمَالَهُمْ][ہود:15] is connected with this verse.
[35-52] The Reality of Conveying Reward:
It is written in the pages of the Book of Moses (peace be upon him) and now in the pages of the Book of Abraham (peace be upon him), who fulfilled the right of Allah. In these books, it is written that no bearer of burden will bear the burden of another's sins, and it is also written that a person will benefit from faith by his own effort, and that his effort will be shown to him later and on the Day of Resurrection.
Reference: (An-Najm:36 to 40)
(That is) no one else's deeds can benefit. It may be that in the Shariah of Ibrahim and Musa (peace be upon them) this ruling was general, but in our Shariah there are some exceptions, for example, the intercession of the Prophets and angels for sinners, the prayers of the living for the dead, and the elevation of the ranks of children due to the deeds of the father are proven from the Quran, and the benefit of charity, alms, and performing Hajj on behalf of the deceased is proven from authentic hadiths. As for prayer and recitation of the Quran, since there is no explicit statement in the Quran or any hadith regarding this, they will remain under the general ruling of this verse, and since a person's offspring are also the result of his effort, the reward of their good deeds reaching him falls under this verse.
Reference: (Qurtubi)
[44] Leave imitation, follow the Messenger:
O Muslims! When the Messenger (ﷺ) calls you to a matter that gives you life, then obey Allah and His Messenger (ﷺ) (respond. Come immediately) and understand that Allah stands between a person and his heart, and to Him you will be gathered in the end. He will recompense every deed.
Reference: (Al-Anfal:24)
(That is) it is obligatory upon you to respond to the call of Allah and His Messenger. "He who gives you life," different statements have been narrated from the scholars of the Salaf; some have taken it to mean faith and Islam, some the Quran, but most have interpreted it as jihad because jihad is the greatest means of life in this world and the Hereafter, and this is also appropriate in the context of the text. However, if it is taken to mean truth and reward, then this word encompasses all matters of the Quran, faith, jihad, and obedience. Maulana Allama Waheeduz Zaman writes: From these verses, the root of unlawful imitation has been cut off. When Allah's command is to obey the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, then how can it be correct to act upon the words of another Mujtahid or Imam in the presence of the Messenger's command? Other Imams are merely the shoe-bearers of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ; when the command of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ is known, listening to the followers and not obeying the Messenger of Allah ﷺ is self-destruction. May Allah protect every Muslim from this.
Reference: (Mukhtasar az Waheedi)
Similarly, it is also proven that even after the truth becomes clear, if someone does not obey Allah and His Messenger ﷺ, then Allah Almighty punishes that person by placing a barrier between him and his heart, and after that, the person does not receive the ability to respond to the call of Allah and His Messenger ﷺ, as He said: [فَلَمَّا زَاغُوۡۤا اَزَاغَ اللّٰہُ قُلُوۡبَہُمۡ] "They themselves became crooked, so Allah made their hearts crooked."
Reference: (Al-Saff:5)
These meanings of the verse have been explained by Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas رضي الله عنهما and the majority of the commentators.
Reference: (Ibn Kathir)
Ibn Qayyim رحمه الله says: Allah Almighty is close to the heart of a person because He is well aware of the conditions of the human heart; He knows well whether you are sincerely responding to the call of Allah and His Messenger ﷺ or from some other motive. The meaning is to develop sincerity in the hearts.
Reference: (Al-Fawaid)
Shah Sahib explains this verse as: Do not delay in obeying the command, perhaps at that time the heart will not be the same; the heart is in the hands of Allah. Imam Razi says that Allah's intervening is a metaphor for death (meaning) perform good deeds and obedience before death comes. After that, the sentence [وَأَنَّهُ إِلَيْهِ تُحْشَرُونَ] also supports this meaning.
Reference: (Razi)
[58] Condemnation of twisting the meanings of verses:
Those who deliberately twist the meanings of Our verses are not hidden from Us (We know their condition). Is it better for anyone to be cast into Hell or to come on the Day of Resurrection without any difficulty? Do as you please, He is watching your deeds.
Reference: Hum Sajdah:40
The literal translation is: Those who deviate in Our verses: deviation means turning away from the truth and taking a crooked path. Deviation in Allah Almighty's verses means that instead of taking their straightforward and clear meaning, one engages in irrelevant arguments and tries to impose incorrect meanings on them. Those who become Muslims but support false ideologies, such as denial of Hadith, communism, capitalism, innovations, etc., adopt this approach; they mislead themselves and try to mislead others as well. There is also severe reprimand that such people cannot escape Our grasp anywhere.
Reference: Surah Yunus
states: O Prophet! Ask those people, tell me, did Allah ordain for you what sustenance He has sent down, then you declared some of it lawful and some unlawful? (O Prophet!) Say, did Allah command you this, or do you invent lies against Allah? And those who invent lies against Allah, what do they expect on the Day of Resurrection? Indeed, Allah bestows bounty upon people, but most people are not grateful.
Reference: (Yunus:59-60)
It is understood from this that declaring what is forbidden as permissible and what is permissible as forbidden based on one's desires is equivalent to lying against Allah.
Reference: (Ibn Kathir)
Qadi Shawkani states: This verse contains a severe warning for those followers who sit on the seat of issuing fatwas, declaring what is halal and haram, permissible and impermissible, while their amount of knowledge is only enough to repeat what one person of the Ummah has said, as if they have given that person the status of a legislator. They will follow whatever ruling from the Book and Sunnah that person acted upon, and whatever that person did not receive or received but did not understand properly or misunderstood and erred in his ijtihad and preference, they consider that abrogated and lifted from ruling. However, the one they imitate was also bound by this Shariah and its rulings just as these people themselves are.Surah Al-An'am holds the status of a principle in affirming the fundamentals of faith and refuting the statements of polytheists and innovators; in fact, it dominates the entire science of principles, i.e., beliefs. (Shawkani and Kabeer) The summary of this Surah is as follows:
[1] Proofs of Tawheed (Oneness of Allah):
Reference: 1 to 3, 6, 12, 13, 14, 22 to 24, 95 to 99, 141 to 144
[2] Bring your proof:
Reference: 148, 149, 150
[3] Do not associate anything (thing) as a partner with Allah:
Reference: 151
[4] There is none equal to Allah; to consider anyone other than Allah equal to Him is disbelief:
Reference: 1, 150
[5] Man was created from clay:
Reference: 2
[6] Allah knows all that is apparent and hidden:
Reference: 3, 73, 117, 132, 139
[7] Everything belongs to Allah:
Reference: 13
[8] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ (and the Ummah) was commanded to accept Allah’s command (divine guidance):
Reference: 14, 15, 50, 56, 57, 106, 114 to 116, 121, 144, 145, 148, 150, 153 to 157, 161 to 165
[9] Only Allah is the owner of profit and loss:
Reference: 17, 18, 14, 39, 46, 50, 57, 58, 60, 65, 62, 81, F1, 83, 86, 87, 88, 107, 111, 125, 133, 142. Benefit 81:
Even those in this Ummah who say the kalima and follow saints say to the people of monotheism that if a person leaves the eleventh day of a great saint, his son or buffalo dies, or some other harm befalls him, their answer is the same as that given by Ibrahim (peace be upon him) in this verse.[10] There is only one God; you (and the Ummah) are forbidden from associating partners with Him:
Reference: 19, 14, 161 to 165
[11] The polytheists will deny shirk on the Day of Resurrection:
Reference: 22 to 24
[12] Guidance is not in the control of the Messenger of the Universe (peace be upon him):
Reference: 33 to 35
[13] Calling upon others besides Allah is shirk:
Reference: 40, 41, 63 to 66
[14] Who is the God?
Reference: 46, 102, 19
[15] Calling upon others besides Allah is their worship:
Reference: 56
[16] Allah is the Creator:
Reference: 1, 2, 73, 101, 102
[17] يَرَوْا:
Reference: 6
[18] Allah is the Watcher:
Reference: 13, 115
[19] The Messenger (peace be upon him) did not have the power of miracles:
Reference: 35, 37, 109
[20] The Messenger (peace be upon him) does not have Allah’s treasures, nor does he know the unseen:
Reference: 50, 59
[21] The God of the Messenger (peace be upon him) is Allah:
Reference: 19
[22] The Messenger (peace be upon him) is not the owner of anyone’s profit or loss:
Reference: 52, 57, 58, 66, 107
[23] The Prophet was only بشیر و نذیر:
Reference: 48
[24] Intercession is in the authority of Allah and He alone is the Guardian (Wali) and the effective one:
Reference: 94, 51, 70
[25] Regarding the Quran:
Reference: 55, 19, 104, 115, 126, 154 to 157, 161, 66, 92
[26] Laughter and joking are prohibited in religion:
Reference: 10, 5
[27] Allah کن فیکون is the Owner:
Reference: 73
[28] Allah علیٰ کل شیء قدیر is:
Reference: 17
[29] First faith then action:
Reference: 48
[30] Denial of the signs:
Reference: 21, 26, 27, 39, 49, 93
[31] Allah helped the Messengers:
Reference: 34
[32] Deeds belong to their doers:
Reference: 52
[33] Allah is the Lord (Giver) of all worlds:
Reference: 45, 71, 162, 164
[34] Allah is the Bestower (Giver):
Reference: 84
[35] Allah is your (Prophet’s) Lord (Giver):
Reference: 15, 57, 106, 112, 114, 117, 119, 126, 132, 133, 158, 164, 165
[36] Allah is the Lord (Giver) of Ibrahim (peace be upon him):
Reference: 76, 77, 78, 80
[37] The deeds of the polytheists of Makkah:
Reference: 63 to 66, 1, 4, 14, 22 to 24, 26, 40, 41, 130 to 140, 119, F:37
(a) They used to call upon others besides Allah, therefore they were declared polytheists:
Reference: 63 to 66 and 40, 41, 56, 71
(b) They equated others with Allah, therefore they were declared disbelievers:
Reference: 1
(c) They turned away from the signs of Allah:
Reference: 4
(d) They made others besides Allah their guardian (Wali) and helper, therefore they were declared polytheists:
Reference: 14, 51, 70
(r) They considered others as partners with Allah but on the Day of Judgment they will deny it:
Reference: 22 to 24
(S) Translation:
Reference: 26
(And they prevent people from it and keep away themselves, and these people do nothing but destroy themselves, and do not understand. And O Prophet! If you could see them when they are made to stand before the Hellfire, you would see a strange spectacle or a great dreadful event; they will say, "Oh, would that we were sent back to the world, and we would not deny the signs of our Lord and would be among the believers." But they do not wish this sincerely, nor do they consider faith good; rather, what they used to hide has appeared before them. That is, they do not limit themselves to merely mocking the Quran but also forbid others from listening to the Quran and believing in the Prophet ﷺ.
Reference: (As stated in Al-Kabeer)
Many innovation-practicing scholars forbid their followers from reading the translation of this Holy Quran lest they come out of the labyrinths of love, passion, and madness and become Wahhabis (followers of one master). (لاحول ولا قوۃ الا باللہ العلی العظیم)(ص) They followed their own thoughts, desires, and conjectures instead of divine guidance:
Reference: 116, 119, 150, 121, 153, 56
(ع) They lied about Allah:
Reference: (6) 21
[38] ،،دون اللہ،، Other than Allah:
Reference: 50, 70, 71, 51, 46, 145, 164
[39] Repentance:
Reference: 54
[40] The polytheists of Mecca were the nation of the Messenger of the Universe ﷺ:
Reference: 22
[41] The guidance of Allah is the real guidance:
Reference: 71
[42] Ibrahim (peace be upon him) became Allah’s alone, leaving everyone else:
Reference: 79 to 82, 161
[43] Guidance is in the hands of Allah:
Reference: 84 to 88
[44] Shirk (associating partners with Allah) is unforgivable even if committed by a prophet:
Reference: (6) 84 to 88
[45] You ﷺ are human, all prophets (peace be upon them) are human:
Reference: 91, 133, 135, 84 to 88, 66
All are children of Adam:
Reference: 98, 133
[46] They did not value Allah:
Reference: 91
[47] Pure monotheism:
Reference: 71 to 73, 79 to 82, 95, 100 to 104, 106, 161 to 165
[48] Your ﷺ prophethood is universal:
Reference: (6) 90
[49] Punishment of the grave:
Reference: 93
[50] Lying about Allah:
Reference: 93, 21
[51] Creation cannot be partners with the Creator:
Reference: 100
[52] Do not obey people; they will mislead you:
Reference: 116, 121, 153
[53] Do not follow your own thoughts, desires, and conjectures:
Reference: 116, 119, 150
[54] Allah’s likes and dislikes:
Reference: 151 to 153
[55] Avoid misuse of the orphan's property:
Reference: 152
(such as the third, tenth, fortieth shares and other un-Islamic methods by which people consume the property of orphans).[56] The Messenger of the Universe ﷺ has no connection with sectarians:
Reference: 159
(meaning the Jews and Christians who, having fallen into misguidance, established sects within their religion, or the meaning of religious division is that they believed in some parts of the scripture and disbelieved in others. Among Muslims, those innovators who create innovations in religion and cause division are also included in this category.
Reference: (As narrated from Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her. Ibn Kathir: 316/2), (Al-An'am:159)
The brief summary of Surah Al-An'am has ended.
