Ghunyat-ul-Talibeen and Shaykh Abdul Qadir Jilani (رحمہ اللہ)

Written by: Hafiz Abu Yahya Noor Puri

Ghuniyat-ul-Talibeen is a book authored by Shaykh Abdul Qadir Jilani bin Abdullah bin Janki Dost (رحمہ اللہ) (488-561 AH). The chain of narration connecting this book to Shaykh Jilani (رحمہ اللہ) is "authentic," as indicated by:

Muhaddith of Iraq, Umar bin Ali bin Umar Qazwini (رحمہ اللہ) (683-750 AH) states:

"All the works of the Imam, the Gnostic, Muhyiddin Abu Muhammad Abdul Qadir bin Abu Saleh bin Abdullah Jili, may Allah have mercy on him, such as the book (Al-Ghunya) and others, along with all his narrations, are transmitted by me through my teachers Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Umar bin Abu Al-Qasim, Abu Bakr bin Abu Sa'adat bin Mansur Al-Anbari Al-Khatib, and Qadi Sulaiman bin Hamza bin Ahmad Al-Maqdisi and others, who granted permission, from Abu Al-Abbas Ahmad bin Yaqub bin Abdullah Al-Maristani with the same permission from Shaykh Abdul Qadir Jili in a similar manner. Another chain involves the same three teachers, transmitting from the head of the nobles, Muteen Al-Din Abu Al-Qasim Hibbatullah bin Ahmad bin Abdul Qadir bin Mansur Billah, Amir Al-Mu'mineen, and others who also granted permission to narrate from Shaykh Abdul Qadir (رحمہ اللہ)."

[Mashaikh al-Qazwini, p. 535]

Now, let's examine the authenticity of the narrators in this chain:

(a) Regarding Muhaddith of Iraq, Ali bin Umar Qazwini:

Hafiz Ibn Hajar (رحمہ اللہ) states:


"He was a great Hafiz and the Muhaddith of Iraq. His title was Siraj al-Din."

[Al-Durar Al-Kaminah Fi A'yan Al-Mi'ah Al-Thaminah, 4/211]

(b) Regarding Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Umar bin Abu Al-Qasim Al-Baghdadi (623-707 AH):

Qazwini (رحمہ اللہ) himself states:


"He was a Sheikh, a scholar, Rashid Al-Din, and a reciter."

[Mashaikh al-Qazwini, p. 294]

Hafiz Dhahabi (رحمہ اللہ) states:

"He was an Imam, a scholar, a truthful hadith narrator, a virtuous person, a remnant of the predecessors, Rashid Al-Din, Abu Abdullah bin Abu Al-Qasim, Al-Baghdadi, the reciter, the hadith narrator, and the Sheikh of Al-Mustansiriyah."

[Mu'jam Al-Shuyukh Al-Kabir, 2/204]

(c) Regarding Khatib Abu Bakr Anbari (628-710 AH):

Hafiz Dhahabi (رحمہ اللہ) states:


"He was an Imam and was known as Najm Al-Din."

[Al-Ibar Fi Khabar Man Ghabar, 4/26]

Hafiz Safadi (رحمہ اللہ) (696-764 AH) states:

"He was an Imam, virtuous, and known as Najm Al-Din."

[Al-Wafi Bil-Wafayat, 17/99]

(d) Regarding his Sheikh Sulaiman bin Hamza bin Ahmad bin Umar Qadi (628-715 AH):

Hafiz Dhahabi (رحمہ اللہ) states:


"He was wise, humble, well-mannered, of great stature, devoted to worship, and known for his night prayers and selflessness."

[Al-Mu'jam Al-Mukhtas Bil-Muhaddithin, p. 105, Mu'jam Al-Shuyukh Al-Kabir, 1/268]
Hafiz Safadi (رحمہ اللہ) writes:

"He was a Sheikh, an Imam, a Mufti of his sect, and a hadith narrator of Syria."

[Al-Wafi Bil-Wafayat, 15/228]

Hafiz Ibn Kathir (رحمہ اللہ) (701-774 AH) states:

"He was a judge, a senior hadith narrator, and a traveler in pursuit of knowledge."

[Al-Bidayah Wa Nihayah, 14/185, Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi edition]

Hafiz Ibn Hajar (رحمہ اللہ) (773-852 AH) writes:

"He was a hadith narrator of Egypt and was good at delivering his lessons."

[Al-Durar Al-Kaminah, 2/241, in another version: 2/285, No. 1837]

(e) Regarding Abu Al-Abbas Ahmad bin Yaqub bin Abdullah Al-Maristani (545-639 AH):

Hafiz Dhahabi (رحمہ اللہ) states:


"He was a Sheikh, a hadith narrator, a righteous person of great age, with authentic hearing and a pious nature."

[Siyar A'lam Al-Nubala, 23/77-78]

Hafiz Ibn Nuqtah (رحمہ اللہ) (579-629 AH) states:

"I heard from him, and his hearing is authentic; he was a righteous person."

[Tarikh Al-Islam by Dhahabi, 14/285, edited by Bashar]

(f) Regarding Abu Al-Qasim Hibbatullah bin Ahmad bin Abdul Qadir bin Mansur:

Qazwini (رحمہ اللہ) states:


"He was the head of the nobles, known as Muteen Al-Din."

[Mashaikh al-Qazwini, p. 535]

Thus, this entire chain is completely authentic, establishing that Ghuniyat-ul-Talibeen is indeed a work of Shaykh Abdul Qadir Jilani (رحمہ اللہ). Alhamdulillah.

Hafiz Dhahabi (رحمہ اللہ) mentions regarding Ahmad bin Mutia bin Mutia Abu Al-Abbas Bajsirai (d. 621 AH):

"He was a companion of Shaykh Abdul Qadir and read to him the book (Al-Ghunya), authored by him."

[Tarikh Al-Islam, 13/662, edited by Bashar; 45/45, edited by Al-Tadmari]

This indicates that Hafiz Dhahabi (رحمہ اللہ) also regarded Ghuniyat-ul-Talibeen as the work of Shaykh Jilani (رحمہ اللہ).

Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah (رحمہ اللہ) (661-728 AH) also considered Ghuniyat-ul-Talibeen to be authored by Shaykh Jilani (رحمہ اللہ).

[Al-Fatawa Al-Hamawiyyah, p. 477; Bayan Talbis Al-Jahmiyyah, 1/214]

Hafiz Ibn Kathir (رحمہ اللہ) (701-774 AH) writes:

"He authored the book (Al-Ghunya) and (Futuh Al-Ghaib)."

[Al-Bidayah Wa Nihayah, 12/313, Dar Ihya al-Turath edition]

Hafiz Ibn Rajab (رحمہ اللہ) (736-795 AH) states:

"He authored the book (Al-Ghunya Li Talibi Tariq Al-Haqq), which is well-known."

[Dhayl Tabaqat Al-Hanabilah, 2/198-199]

He further states:

"Shaykh Abdul Qadir (رحمہ اللہ) made excellent remarks on monotheism, divine attributes, predestination, and knowledge of recognition in accordance with the Sunnah. He adhered to the Sunnah in matters of divine attributes and predestination and firmly refuted those who opposed it. He stated in his famous book (Al-Ghunya) that: Allah is established above the Throne and encompasses the entire universe, and His knowledge encompasses everything:

'To Him ascends the good word, and the righteous deed He raises.' [Quran 35:10] 'He manages every affair from the heaven to the earth; then it will ascend to Him in a Day whose extent is a thousand years of your counting.' [Quran 32:5] It is impermissible to describe Allah as being in every place; rather, it is said that He is above the heavens on the Throne, as stated: 'The Most Merciful rose over the Throne.'

[Quran 20:5]"

Shaykh Abdul Qadir (رحمہ اللہ) further emphasized that the attribute of 'Istawa' (rising over the Throne) should be affirmed without interpretation, as it is the establishment of the divine essence on the Throne. He added that Allah's being on the Throne is mentioned in every book revealed to every sent Prophet, without describing how. He extensively discussed this and similarly addressed other attributes according to the Quran and Sunnah.

[Dhayl Tabaqat Al-Hanabilah, 2/199-200]
Allama Ibn al-Qayyim (رحمہ اللہ) (691-751 AH) [Ijtima' Al-Juyush Al-Islamiyyah, 2/227] and Allama Mardawi (رحمہ اللہ) (d. 885 AH) [Al-Insaf Fi Ma'rifat Al-Rajih Min Al-Khilaf, 3/73] also acknowledged Ghuniyat-ul-Talibeen as a work of Shaykh (رحمہ اللہ).

Ibn Muflih Al-Maqdisi (رحمہ اللہ) (708-763 AH) writes:

"Shaykh Abdul Qadir (رحمہ اللہ) mentioned in (Al-Ghunya)."

[Al-Adab Al-Shariyah, 1/107]

Hafiz Suyuti's teacher, Safeeri (رحمہ اللہ) (877-956 AH) states:

"The Gnostic by Allah, my master Abdul Qadir Al-Jilani (رحمہ اللہ) mentioned in his book (Al-Ghunya)."

[Sharh Al-Bukhari, 2/100]

Muhammad bin Yusuf Salehi Al-Shami (رحمہ اللہ) (d. 942 AH) writes:

"Shaykh Abdul Qadir Al-Jilani (رحمہ اللہ), may Allah have mercy on him and benefit by him, mentioned in the book (Al-Ghunya)."

[Subl Al-Huda Wal-Rashad Fi Sirat Khayr Al-'Ibad, 7/282]

Allama Ibn Imad (رحمہ اللہ) (d. 1089 AH) writes:

"Shaykh Abdul Qadir Jili, the ascetic, the author of (Al-Ghunya)."

[Shadharat Al-Dhahab, 6/45]

Ibn Hajar Al-Makki (رحمہ اللہ) (d. 974 AH) also regarded (Al-Ghunya) as authored by Shaykh Jilani (رحمہ اللہ).

[Al-Fatawa Al-Hadithiyyah, p. 145]

Mulla Ali Qari Hanafi Maturidi (رحمہ اللہ) (d. 1014 AH) writes:

"It is mentioned in (Al-Ghunya) by the Pole of Divine Guidance, Sayyid Abdul Qadir Al-Jilani that when he discussed the deviant sects, he stated: As for the Hanafis, they are a faction of the Murji'ah, and they are the followers of Abu Hanifa Nu'man bin Thabit."

[Sharh Musnad Abi Hanifa, p. 454, Mirqat Al-Mafatih Fi Sharh Mishkat Al-Masabih, 4/1501, Hadith: 2199]

This book has also been known by other names, as mentioned by Allama Yusuf bin Hasan bin Ahmad bin Abdul Hadi Al-Dimashqi Al-Salihi (رحمہ اللہ) (d. 909 AH) [Mu'jam Al-Kutub, p. 91], Allama Chalpi (رحمہ اللہ) (d. 1067 AH) [Kashf Al-Zunun 'An Asami Al-Kutub Wal-Funun, 2/1211], Allama Zarkali (رحمہ اللہ) (d. 1396 AH) [Al-A'lam, 4/47], and Allama Ibn Rajab [Dhayl Tabaqat Al-Hanabilah, 2/198-199], who have cited it among Shaykh Jilani's works with the name "Al-Ghunya Li Talibi Tariq Al-Haqq" or "Al-Ghunya Li Talib Tariq Al-Haqq." Some scholars have also mentioned "Al-Bughya Fi Takhrij Ahadith Al-Ghunya" in the works of Hafiz Sakhawi (رحمہ اللہ) (831-902 AH).

We will suffice with these references. For a wise and fair-minded person, this is sufficient to establish that Ghuniyat-ul-Talibeen is indeed a work of Shaykh Abdul Qadir Jilani (رحمہ اللہ) by Tawatur (continuous testimony). Denials by some individuals hold no weight.

According to our knowledge, the first person in the world to deny that this book was authored by Shaykh Jilani (رحمہ اللہ) was the renowned Sufi Abdul Haq bin Saifuddin Dehlvi (رحمہ اللہ) (d. 1052 AH). In response to this, Allama Abdul Hayy Lakhnawi Hanafi (رحمہ اللہ) (1264-1304 AH) wrote:

"Firstly, because its attribution to him is mentioned in the books of Ibn Hajar and others among the great scholars, thus denying that it is among his compositions is not acceptable to the later scholars."

[Al-Rafa' Wa Al-Takmeel Fi Al-Jarh Wa Al-Ta'deel, p. 380]

Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi (رحمہ اللہ) (1856-1921 CE) writes:

"Muhaddith Dehlvi's view is that Abdul Qadir Jilani did not author it, but this is a mere denial."

[Fatawa Rizawiyyah, 29/222]

Ahmed Yar Khan Badayuni Barelvi (رحمہ اللہ) (1906-1971 CE) writes:

"Huzoor Ghaus Pak states in Ghuniyat-ul-Talibeen, Volume 2, p. 48..."

[Tafsir Na'eemi, Part Three, p. 617, under the verse from Surah Al-Imran: 55]
 
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