Cowardice, carrying the Holy Quran and traveling to an enemy country, and prohibition of fleeing from the battlefield of Jihad

This excerpt is taken from the Arabic book Al-Awamer wal-Nawahi by Sheikh Hussain bin Mubarak Al-Mawsili, whose Urdu translation has been done by Muhammad Sarwar Gohar Sahib under the title Ahkamat o Mamnooat.

Prohibition of Cowardice and Unmanliness​

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① Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: I have heard that Sayyiduna Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, used to say: "The honor and dignity of a believer is his piety, his religion is his lineage, his chivalry is his character, while courage and cowardice are natural traits which Allah entrusts as He wills. Thus, a coward and unmanly person even flees from his parents, whereas a brave person fights and does not care about his return. And being killed is a form of death, and a martyr is one who has dedicated his life to Allah in hope of reward."

Reference: Al-Muwatta 2/463, Hadith 35.

Prohibition of Traveling to Enemy Territory with the Quran​

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① It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) forbade traveling to enemy territory with the Quran (so that the Quran is not disrespected).

Reference: Bukhari, Book of Jihad and Expedition 2990. Muslim, Book of Leadership 1869/92. Muwatta, Book of Jihad 2/446.

② It is also narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:
لا تسافروا بالقرآن فإني لا آمن أن يناله العدو
"Do not travel with the Quran because I fear that the enemy might seize it."

Reference: Muwatta, Book of Jihad 446/2, Muslim, Leadership 1491/3.

Prohibition of fleeing from the battlefield of Jihad​

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① It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Ayyub Ansari رضي الله عنه that the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم said:
من جاء يعبد الله لا يشرك به شيئا ويقيم الصلاة ويؤتي الزكاة ويجتنب الكبائر كان له الجنة
"Whoever comes in a state that he worships Allah, does not associate anyone with Him, establishes prayer, gives zakat, and avoids major sins, then Paradise is for him."
Then the Companions رضي الله عنہم asked the Prophet صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم about the major sins. He صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم said:
الإشراك بالله ، وقتل النفس المسلمة ، والفرار من الزحف
"Associating partners with Allah, unlawfully killing a Muslim, and fleeing from the battlefield."

Reference: Nasa'i, Al-Tahrim 81/7; Musnad Ahmad 482/5.