Brief Introduction of Ḥaḍrat Ḥusayn رضي الله عنه

Written by: Qārī Usāmah ibn ʿAbd al-Salām

➊ Name​

Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī رضي الله عنهما
Reference: Al-Istiʿāb fī Maʿrifat al-Aṣḥāb by Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr (368H–463H), Volume 3, Entry 1089 – Hasan chain

➋ Genealogy​

Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ibn Hāshim (his name was ʿAmr), ibn ʿAbd Manāf (his name was Mughīrah), ibn Quṣayy (his name was Zayd), ibn Kilāb, ibn Murrah, ibn Kaʿb, ibn Luʾayy, ibn Ghālib, ibn Fihr, ibn Mālik, ibn al-Naḍr, ibn Kinānah, ibn Khuzaymah, ibn Mudrikah, ibn Ilyās, ibn Muḍar, ibn Nazār, ibn Maʿd, ibn ʿAdnān
References:
– Siyar Aʿlām al-Nubalāʾ by al-Dhahabī (Vol. 1, p. 143; Vol. 2, p. 495)
– Al-Bidāyah wa al-Nihāyah by Ibn Kathīr (Vol. 7, p. 333)
– Al-Iṣābah fī Tamyīz al-Ṣaḥābah by Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī (Vol. 1, p. 507) – Hasan chain
– Al-Ṭabaqāt al-Kubrā by Ibn Saʿd (Vol. 3, p. 19)
– Tārīkh Dimashq (Vol. 14, p. 121)
– Asad al-Ghābah fī Maʿrifat al-Ṣaḥābah by Ibn al-Athīr (Vol. 2, p. 76) – Hasan chain

➌ Date of Birth​

Ḥusayn رضي الله عنه was born on the 5th of Shaʿbān, 4 AH, after his elder brother Ḥasan رضي الله عنه.
Reference: Al-Muʿjam al-Kabīr by al-Ṭabarānī (Ḥadīth 2852) – Ḥasan li-ghayrihi

❖ Children born to Fāṭimah bint Rasūl ﷺ:
– Ḥasan رضي الله عنه
– Ḥusayn رضي الله عنه
– Muḥsin رضي الله عنه
– Zaynab al-Kubrā رضي الله عنها
– Umm Kulthūm رضي الله عنها
Reference: Al-Ṭabaqāt al-Kubrā (Vol. 3, p. 20) – Hasan chain

➍ The Prophet ﷺ Named Him Ḥusayn​

ʿAlī رضي الله عنه stated:
"I named my elder son Ḥasan as Ḥamzah and Ḥusayn as Jaʿfar. But the Prophet ﷺ renamed them as Ḥasan and Ḥusayn."
Reference: Al-Muʿjam al-Kabīr by al-Ṭabarānī (Ḥadīth 2780) – Hasan chain

This narration is corroborated by various other ḥadīths found in:
– Musnad Aḥmad
– Musnad Abū Yaʿlā
– Al-Mustadrak ʿala al-Ṣaḥīḥayn
– Siyar Aʿlām al-Nubalāʾ
– Tārīkh Dimashq, etc.

➎ The Prophet ﷺ Called the Adhān in Ḥusayn’s Ear​

Narrated by Abū Rāfiʿ رضي الله عنه:
"I saw the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ giving the adhān in Ḥusayn’s ear at the time of his birth."
Reference: Al-Mustadrak (Vol. 3, Ḥadīth 4827) – Ṣaḥīḥ chain according to al-Ḥākim

Also cited in:
– Talkhīṣ al-Ḥabīr by Ibn Ḥajar
– Khilāṣat al-Badr al-Munīr
– Nayl al-Awṭār by al-Shawkānī

➏ ʿAqīqah of Ḥasan and Ḥusayn رضي الله عنهما​

Narrated by ʿAlī رضي الله عنه:
"The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ performed ʿaqīqah on behalf of Ḥasan and Ḥusayn."
References:
– Al-Muʿjam al-Kabīr (Ḥadīth 2572)
– Majmaʿ al-Zawāʾid (Vol. 4, p. 58)

Narrated by ʿĀʾishah رضي الله عنها:
"The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ performed ʿaqīqah with two goats each for Ḥasan and Ḥusayn on the seventh day."
References:
– Al-Muṣannaf by ʿAbd al-Razzāq
– Ṣaḥīḥ Ibn Ḥibbān
– Muʿjam al-Ṭabarānī
– Majmaʿ al-Zawāʾid, etc.

➐ Age at the Time of the Prophet ﷺ’s Passing​

Ḥusayn رضي الله عنه was approximately 7 years old when the Prophet ﷺ passed away.
Reference: Ṣaḥīḥ Ibn Ḥibbān (Ḥadīth 909)