✍ Written by: Abu Hamzah Abdul Khaliq Siddiqi
In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
Indeed, all praise is due to Allah. We praise Him, seek His help, and seek His forgiveness. Whomsoever Allah guides, none can mislead; and whomsoever He allows to go astray, none can guide. I bear witness that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, alone, without partner, and I bear witness that Muhammad ﷺ is His servant and Messenger.
أما بعد:
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى:
﴿يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِذَا طَلَّقْتُمُ النِّسَاءَ فَطَلِّقُوهُنَّ لِعِدَّتِهِنَّ وَأَحْصُوا الْعِدَّةَ﴾
(Al-Ṭalāq: 1)
Translation:
“O Prophet! When you (and the believers) divorce women, divorce them at a time when their prescribed waiting period can properly commence, and count the period carefully.”
«عن عبد الله بن عمر أنه طلق امرأته وهى حائض على عهد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فسأل عمر بن الخطاب رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم عن ذلك ، فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: مره فليراجعها ، ثم ليمسكها حتى تطهر ثم تحيض ، ثم تطهر ، ثم إن شاء أمسك بعد وإن شاء طلق قبل أن يمس ، فتلك العدة التى أمر الله أن تطلق لها النساء»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5251
Translation:
Hazrat ʿAbdullāh ibn ʿUmar رضي الله عنهما divorced his wife during her menstruation in the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. ʿUmar رضي الله عنه mentioned this to the Prophet ﷺ, who said:
“Command him to take her back, and then keep her until she becomes pure, then menstruates again, and then becomes pure once more. After that, if he wishes, he may retain her, and if he wishes, he may divorce her before touching her. That is the prescribed period concerning which Allah has commanded that women should be divorced.”
«وعن أنس بن سيرين ، قال: سمعت ابن عمر، قال: طلق ابن عمر امرأته وهى حائض ، فذكر عمر للنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال: ليراجعها . قلت: تحتسب قال: فمه؟ وعن قتادة عن يونس بن جبير عن ابن عمر قال: مره فليراجعها. قلت: تحتسب؟ قال: أرأيت إن عجز واستحمق؟»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5252
Translation:
Hazrat Ibn ʿUmar رضي الله عنهما divorced his wife while she was menstruating. ʿUmar رضي الله عنه mentioned it to the Prophet ﷺ, who said: “He should take her back.”
(Anas ibn Sīrīn said
I asked Ibn ʿUmar, “Will this divorce be counted?” He replied, “Of course, then what else would it be?”
(Qatādah narrated from Yūnus ibn Jubayr that he said to Ibn ʿUmar,) “Should it be counted?” He replied, “Do you think if someone were foolish or weak, the law would be changed for him?”
«وعن عائشة رضي الله عنها أن ابنة الجون لما أدخلت على رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ودنا منها قالت: أعوذ بالله منك. فقال لها: لقد عدت بعظيم الحقي بأهلك»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5254
Translation:
Hazrat ʿĀ’ishah رضي الله عنها reported that when the daughter of al-Jawn was brought to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he approached her, she said: “I seek refuge in Allah from you.”
The Prophet ﷺ said: “You have sought refuge with One who is Great — go back to your family.”
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى:
﴿قُل لِّأَزْوَاجِكَ إِن كُنتُنَّ تُرِدْنَ الْحَيَاةَ الدُّنْيَا وَزِينَتَهَا فَتَعَالَيْنَ أُمَتِّعْكُنَّ وَأُسَرِّحْكُنَّ سَرَاحًا جَمِيلًا﴾
(Al-Aḥzāb: 28)
Translation:
“Say to your wives: if you desire the life of this world and its adornment, then come, I will provide for you and release you in a handsome manner.”
«وعن عائشة ، أخبرته أن امرأة رفاعة القرظي جآئت إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقالت: يا رسول الله إن رفاعة طلقني فبت طلاقي، وإني نكحت بعده عبد الرحمن بن الربير القرظي، وإنما معه مثل الهدبة. قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: لعلك تريدين أن ترجعي إلى رفاعة؟ لا ، حتى يذوق عسيلتك وتذوقي عسيلته»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5260
Translation:
Hazrat ʿĀ’ishah رضي الله عنها narrated:
The wife of Rifāʿah al-Qurazī came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, “O Messenger of Allah! Rifāʿah divorced me with an irrevocable divorce, and afterward I married ʿAbdur-Raḥmān ibn Zubayr al-Qurazī, but he has nothing (is impotent).”
The Prophet ﷺ said: “Perhaps you wish to return to Rifāʿah? That is not permissible until he (the second husband) has consummated the marriage and you have tasted each other’s sweetness.”
«وعن عائشة قالت: خيرنا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فاخترنا الله ورسوله ، فلم يعد ذلك علينا شيئا»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5262
Translation:
Hazrat ʿĀ’ishah رضي الله عنها said:
“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave us (his wives) the choice (to remain with him or separate), and we chose Allah and His Messenger. This choice was not counted as a divorce against us.”
«وعن ابن عمر إذا سئل عمن طلق ثلاثا قال: لو طلقت مرة أو مرتين فإن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم أمرني بهذا، فإن طلقتها ثلاثا حرمت حتى تنكح زوجا غيره»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5264
Translation:
When Hazrat Ibn ʿUmar رضي الله عنهما was asked about a man who divorced his wife thrice, he said:
“If you had divorced once or twice, you could have taken her back, for the Prophet ﷺ commanded me so. But if you have divorced her thrice, then she becomes forbidden for you until she marries another man.”
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى:
﴿لِمَ تُحَرِّمُ مَا أَحَلَّ اللَّهُ لَكَ﴾
(Al-Taḥrīm: 1)
Translation:
“O Prophet! Why do you forbid yourself that which Allah has made lawful for you?”
وعن يعلى بن حكيم، عن سعيد بن جبير ، أنه أخبره أنه ، سمع ابن عباس، يقول: إذا حرم امرأته ليس بشيء . وقال: ﴿لَكُمْ فِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ﴾ (الأحزاب: 21)
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5266
Translation:
ʿAbdullāh ibn ʿAbbās رضي الله عنهما said:
“If a man declares his wife unlawful to himself, it means nothing (it does not count as divorce).”
And he recited: ‘Indeed, for you in the Messenger of Allah is a perfect example’ (Al-Aḥzāb: 21).
«وعن عائشة أن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم كان يمكث عند زينب ابنة جحش ، ويشرب عندها عسلا ... فنزلت: ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ لِمَ تُحَرِّمُ مَا أَحَلَّ اللَّهُ لَكَ﴾ إلى ﴿إِن تَتُوبَا إِلَى اللَّهِ﴾ (التحريم: 1 تا 4) ...»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5267
Translation:
Hazrat ʿĀ’ishah رضي الله عنها narrated:
The Prophet ﷺ used to stay with Zaynab bint Jaḥsh رضي الله عنها and drink honey there. I and Ḥafṣah رضي الله عنها agreed that when the Prophet ﷺ came to either of us, we would say: “I smell maghāfīr (a strong odor) from you — have you eaten maghāfīr?”
When he came to one of us, she said this. The Prophet ﷺ replied, “No, I drank honey at Zaynab’s house, and I will not do it again.”
Then Allah revealed: “O Prophet! Why do you forbid yourself that which Allah has made lawful for you … till ‘If you both (ʿĀ’ishah and Ḥafṣah) repent to Allah’” (Al-Taḥrīm: 1–4).
«وقال ابن عباس: جعل الله الطلاق بعد النكاح»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq (Muʿallaq)
Translation:
Hazrat Ibn ʿAbbās رضي الله عنهما said:
“Allah has placed the ruling of divorce only after marriage.”
«قال النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم: قال إبراهيم لسارة: هذه أختي وذلك فى ذات الله عز وجل»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq (Muʿallaq)
Translation:
The Prophet ﷺ said:
“Prophet Ibrāhīm (Abraham) عليه السلام said about his wife Sārah: ‘She is my sister’ — meaning my sister in faith — for the sake of Allah Almighty.”
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى:
﴿لَا تُؤَاخِذْنَا إِن نَّسِينَا أَوْ أَخْطَأْنَا﴾
(Al-Baqarah: 286)
Translation:
“O Lord, do not take us to task if we forget or make a mistake.”
«وقال النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم للذي أقر على نفسه: أبك جنون . وقال علي: بقر حمزة خواصر شارفي، فطفق النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم يلوم حمزة ...»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq (Muʿallaq)
Translation:
The Prophet ﷺ said to the man who confessed to adultery, “Are you insane?”
And ʿAlī رضي الله عنه said: “Ḥamzah split open the sides of my she-camels.”
The Prophet ﷺ began to reprimand Ḥamzah until he realized that Ḥamzah was intoxicated — his eyes were red — and Ḥamzah said, “Are you anything but slaves of my father?”
The Prophet ﷺ understood that he was drunk and left, and we left with him.
«وعن أبى هريرة عن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم: قال: إن الله تجاوز عن أمتي ما حدثت به أنفسها ، ما لم تعمل أو تتكلم . قال قتادة: إذا طلق فى نفسه فليس بشيء»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5269
Translation:
Hazrat Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه reported that the Prophet ﷺ said:
“Allah has forgiven my ummah for their inner thoughts, as long as they do not act upon them or speak of them.”
Qatādah رحمه الله said: “If a person intends divorce in his heart, it has no effect until he expresses it verbally.”
«وعن ابن شهاب ، قال: أخبرني أبو سلمة ، عن جابر ... فأمر به أن يرجم بالمصلى ، فلما أذلقته الحجارة جمز حتى أدرك بالحرة فقتل»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5270
Translation:
Ibn Shihāb narrated from Abu Salamah, from Jābir رضي الله عنه:
A man from the tribe of Aslam came to the Prophet ﷺ in the mosque and said that he had committed adultery. The Prophet ﷺ turned away from him, but he repeated his confession four times.
The Prophet ﷺ asked: “Are you insane?” He said, “No.” The Prophet ﷺ asked, “Are you married?” He said, “Yes.”
The Prophet ﷺ then ordered him to be stoned in the place of prayer. When the stones struck him, he ran, but was caught at al-Ḥarrah and killed.
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى:
﴿وَلَا يَحِلُّ لَكُمْ أَن تَأْخُذُوا مِمَّا آتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ شَيْئًا إِلَّا أَن يَخَافَا أَلَّا يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ اللَّهِ﴾
(Al-Baqarah: 229)
Translation:
“It is not lawful for you (husbands) to take back anything of what you have given them, unless both fear that they will not be able to keep within the limits of Allah.”
«وعن ابن عباس ، أن امرأة ، ثابت بن قيس أتت النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم فقالت: يا رسول الله ثابت بن قيس ما أعتب عليه فى خلق ولا دين، ولكني أكره الكفر فى الإسلام. فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: أتردين عليه حديقته؟ قالت: نعم، قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: اقبل الحديقة وطلقها تطليقة»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5273
Translation:
Hazrat Ibn ʿAbbās رضي الله عنهما reported:
The wife of Thābit ibn Qays رضي الله عنه came to the Prophet ﷺ and said:
“O Messenger of Allah! I do not find fault with Thābit in his religion or character, but I dislike ingratitude in Islam (by not fulfilling his rights).”
The Prophet ﷺ said: “Will you return his garden (which he gave as dowry)?” She said, “Yes.”
The Prophet ﷺ then said to Thābit رضي الله عنه: “Accept your garden and divorce her once.”
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى:
﴿وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ شِقَاقَ بَيْنِهِمَا فَابْعَثُوا حَكَمًا مِّنْ أَهْلِهِ وَحَكَمًا مِّنْ أَهْلِهَا إِن يُرِيدَا إِصْلَاحًا يُوَفِّقِ اللَّهُ بَيْنَهُمَا﴾
(Al-Nisāʾ: 35)
Translation:
“And if you fear a breach between them (husband and wife), then appoint an arbitrator from his family and an arbitrator from her family. If they both desire reconciliation, Allah will cause harmony between them.”
«وعن المسور بن مخرمة ، قال: سمعت النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول: إن بني المغيرة استأذنوا فى أن ينكح على ابنتهم ، فلا آذن»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5278
Translation:
Hazrat al-Miswar ibn Makhramah رضي الله عنه narrated:
I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, “The family of al-Mughīrah sought my permission to marry their daughter to ʿAlī (may Allah be pleased with him), but I will not permit it.”
«وعن عائشة زوج النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم قالت: كان فى بريرة ثلاث سنن ... قال: عليها صدقة، ولنا هدية»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5279
Translation:
Hazrat ʿĀ’ishah رضي الله عنها said:
“Three rulings were learned from the case of Barīrah رضي الله عنها:
① She was emancipated and then given the choice regarding her marriage (whether to remain with her husband or separate).
② The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, ‘Al-walāʾ (the right of inheritance) belongs only to the one who sets the slave free.’
③ Once the Prophet ﷺ entered our house when meat was being cooked. Some bread and sauce were brought to him, so he said: ‘Did I not see a pot of meat?’ They said: ‘Yes, but that meat was given in charity to Barīrah, and you do not eat charity.’
The Prophet ﷺ said: ‘It was charity for her, but it is a gift for us.’”
«وعن ابن عباس ، قال: ذاك مغيث عبد بني فلان ... يبكي عليها»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5281
Translation:
Hazrat Ibn ʿAbbās رضي الله عنهما narrated:
“That was Mughīth, the slave of such and such a family — the husband of Barīrah. It is as if I can still see him following her through the streets of Madinah, weeping for her.”
«وعن ابن عباس ، أن زوج بريرة كان عبدا يقال له: مغيت ... قالت: فلا حاجة لي فيه»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5283
Translation:
Hazrat Ibn ʿAbbās رضي الله عنهما narrated:
“The husband of Barīrah رضي الله عنها was a slave named Mughīth. It is as if I can still see him following her, weeping, with tears flowing down his beard.
The Prophet ﷺ said to ʿAbbās رضي الله عنه: ‘O ʿAbbās! Are you not amazed by the love of Mughīth for Barīrah and the hatred of Barīrah for Mughīth?’
The Prophet ﷺ then said to Barīrah: ‘Why don’t you return to him?’
She said: ‘O Messenger of Allah! Are you commanding me?’
He said: ‘No, I am only interceding.’
She replied: ‘Then I have no need of him.’”
Prohibition of Marrying Polytheist Women
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى:
﴿وَلَا تَنكِحُوا الْمُشْرِكَاتِ حَتَّىٰ يُؤْمِنَّ ۚ وَلَأَمَةٌ مُّؤْمِنَةٌ خَيْرٌ مِّن مُّشْرِكَةٍ وَلَوْ أَعْجَبَتْكُمْ﴾
(Al-Baqarah: 221)
Translation:
“And do not marry polytheist women until they believe. Indeed, a believing slave woman is better than a polytheist woman, even though she might please you.”
«وعن ابن عمر ، كان إذا سئل عن نكاح النصرانية ، أو اليهودية، قال: إن الله حرم المشركات على المؤمنين، ولا أعلم من الإشراك شيئا أكثر من أن تقول المرأة: ربها عيسى، وهو عبد من عباد الله»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5285
Translation:
Hazrat Ibn ʿUmar رضي الله عنهما said:
“When asked about marrying a Christian or Jewish woman, he would reply:
‘Allah has forbidden the believers from marrying polytheist women, and I do not know of a greater form of shirk than for a woman to say, “My Lord is Jesus,” whereas he is merely a servant among the servants of Allah.’”
«وعن ابن عباس: كان المشركون على منزلتين من النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم ... وردت أثمانهم»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5286
Translation:
Hazrat Ibn ʿAbbās رضي الله عنهما said:
“The polytheists in relation to the Prophet ﷺ and the believers were of two types —
① those at war (Ahl Ḥarb) — with whom there was open fighting, and
② those under a peace treaty (Ahl ʿAhd).
When a woman from the hostile group accepted Islam and migrated, she was not proposed to until she menstruated and then became pure. After that, marriage with her was lawful.
If her husband also migrated before she remarried, she would return to him.
If a slave man or woman from among them migrated and accepted Islam, they were considered free and had the same rights as other emigrants.
As for those from the treaty group, if their slaves migrated, they were not returned to them, but their monetary value was compensated.”
«وعن عائشة زوج النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم قالت: كانت المؤمنات إذا ها جرن إلى النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم يمتحنهن ... كلاما»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5288
Translation:
Hazrat ʿĀ’ishah رضي الله عنها said:
“When believing women migrated to the Prophet ﷺ, he would test them according to Allah’s command:
﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا جَاءَكُمُ الْمُؤْمِنَاتُ مُهَاجِرَاتٍ فَامْتَحِنُوهُنَّ﴾ (Al-Mumtaḥanah: 10)
Whoever acknowledged the conditions mentioned in the verse was considered to have passed the test.
When they verbally affirmed these, the Prophet ﷺ would say to them, ‘You may go, for I have accepted your pledge.’
By Allah, the hand of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ never touched the hand of any woman. He took their pledge only verbally, saying: ‘I have accepted your pledge.’”
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى:
﴿لِلَّذِيْنَ يُؤْلُوْنَ مِنْ نِّسَآىٕهِمْ تَرَبُّصُ اَرْبَعَةِ اَشْهُرٍ﴾
(Al-Baqarah: 226)
Translation:
“For those who swear not to approach their wives is a waiting period of four months.”
«وعن أنس بن مالك ، يقول آلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم من نسائه ... قال: الشهر تسع وعشرون»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5289
Translation:
Hazrat Anas ibn Mālik رضي الله عنه narrated:
“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ took an oath to abstain from his wives. His leg was injured, so he stayed in an upper room for twenty-nine days. When he came down, people said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, you swore to stay for a month!’
He replied: ‘A month is sometimes twenty-nine days.’”
«وعن نافع ، أن ابن عمر كان يقول فى الإيلاء ... كما أمره الله عز وجل»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5290
Translation:
Nafiʿ reported that Ibn ʿUmar رضي الله عنهما said regarding ʾĪlāʾ:
“After the completion of the specified period (four months), it is not permissible for a man except either to retain his wife honorably or to divorce her, as Allah has commanded.”
«وعن يزيد، مولى المنبعث أن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم سئل عن ضالة الغنم ... فاخلطها بمالك»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5292
Translation:
Yazīd, the freed slave of al-Munbaʿith, reported:
The Prophet ﷺ was asked about a lost sheep. He said: “Take it, for it is either yours, your brother’s, or the wolf’s.”
When asked about a lost camel, the Prophet ﷺ became angry and his cheeks turned red and said:
“What concern have you with it? It has its shoes and its water-skin — it drinks water and eats trees until its owner finds it.”
He was also asked about lost property (luqaṭah), and he said:
“Announce its rope and container and make a public announcement for one year. If its owner comes, return it to him; otherwise, use it as your property.”
«وعن ابن عباس، طاف رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم على بعيره ... وعقد تسعين»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5293
Translation:
Hazrat Ibn ʿAbbās رضي الله عنهما said:
“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ performed ṭawāf around the Kaʿbah on his camel, and every time he came to the Black Stone, he pointed toward it and said takbīr (Allāhu Akbar).”
Zaynab bint Jaḥsh رضي الله عنها reported that the Prophet ﷺ said:
“The wall of Gog and Magog has been opened this much,” and he made a circle of ninety with his fingers.
«وعن أبى هريرة ، قال: قال أبو القاسم صلى الله عليه وسلم ... قلنا يزهدها»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5294
Translation:
Hazrat Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said:
“On Friday there is an hour during which no Muslim stands in prayer and asks Allah for anything good, except that He grants it.”
Then he ﷺ gestured with his hand, placing his fingertips between the middle and little finger — indicating that this hour is very brief.
«وعن أنس بن مالك ، عدا يهودي فى عهد رسول الله ... فرضخ رأسه بين حجرين»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5295
Translation:
Hazrat Anas ibn Mālik رضي الله عنه narrated:
“A Jew attacked a young girl in the time of the Prophet ﷺ, stole her ornaments, and crushed her head. She was brought to the Prophet ﷺ near death.
He asked her, ‘Did so-and-so kill you?’ She shook her head ‘no.’
He asked another name — she again gestured ‘no.’
Then he mentioned the name of her killer, and she nodded ‘yes.’
The man was brought, confessed to the crime, and the Prophet ﷺ ordered that his head be crushed between two stones as hers had been.”
«وعن ابن عمر قال: سمعت النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول: الفتنة من هاهنا . وأشار إلى المشرق»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5296
Translation:
Hazrat Ibn ʿUmar رضي الله عنهما said:
“I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: ‘Fitnah (trials) will arise from this direction,’ and he pointed toward the east.”
«وعن عبدالله بن أبى أوفى، قال: كنا فى سفر مع رسول الله ... فقد أفطر الصائم»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5297
Translation:
Hazrat ʿAbdullāh ibn Abī Awfā رضي الله عنه narrated:
“We were on a journey with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. When the sun set, he said to a man: ‘Dismount and prepare a drink for me.’
He said: ‘O Messenger of Allah, if only you would wait until it becomes darker.’
The Prophet ﷺ repeated the command three times. Finally, the man dismounted and prepared the drink. The Prophet ﷺ drank it, then pointed with his hand toward the east and said:
‘When you see night approaching from this direction, then the fasting person should break his fast.’”
«وعن عبد الله بن مسعود قال: قال النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم: لا يمنعن أحدا منكم نداء بلال ... وأظهر يزيد يديه ثم مد إحداهما من الأخرى»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5298
Translation:
Hazrat ʿAbdullāh ibn Masʿūd رضي الله عنه reported that the Prophet ﷺ said:
“None of you should be stopped by the call of Bilāl or his adhān from eating your suḥūr, for he gives the call so that the one who is praying may stop (for rest), not to indicate the dawn. The true dawn appears like this —”
And Yazīd (the narrator) demonstrated with his hands — spreading one over the other — to indicate the horizontal brightness of dawn.
«وعن أبى هريرة، قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: مثل البخيل والمنفق كمثل رجلين عليهما جبتان من حديد، من لدن تديهما إلى تراقيهما ، فأما المنفق فلا ينفق شيئا إلا مادت على جلده حتى تجن بنانه وتعفو أثره ، وأما البخيل فلا يريد ينفق إلا لزمت كل حلقة موضعها ، فهو يوسعها فلا تتسع ، ويشير بإصبعه إلى حلقه»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5299
Translation:
Hazrat Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه narrated that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:
“The example of a miser and a generous person is like two men wearing coats of armor made of iron, extending from their chests to their collarbones.
The generous person does not spend anything without his armor expanding until it covers his whole body and even his toes, and it wipes out his footsteps (i.e., his charity shields him).
But the miser, whenever he intends to spend, his armor clings tightly to him; each ring remains stuck in its place, and he tries to widen it, but it does not widen.”
The Prophet ﷺ pointed with his fingers toward his throat while saying this.
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى:
﴿وَالَّذِينَ يَرْمُونَ أَزْوَاجَهُمْ وَلَمْ يَكُن لَّهُمْ شُهَدَاءُ إِلَّا أَنفُسُهُمْ فَشَهَادَةُ أَحَدِهِمْ أَرْبَعُ شَهَادَاتٍ بِاللَّهِ ۙ إِنَّهُ لَمِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ﴾
(Al-Nūr: 6)
Translation:
“And those who accuse their wives (of adultery) and have no witnesses except themselves—then the testimony of one of them shall be four testimonies (by Allah) that he is indeed of the truthful.”
«وعن أنس بن مالك ، يقول: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: ألا أخبركم بخير دور الأنصار؟ ... وفي كل دور الأنصار خير»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5300
Translation:
Hazrat Anas ibn Mālik رضي الله عنه reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:
“Shall I not tell you which of the tribes of the Ansār have the best households?”
They said, “Yes, O Messenger of Allah.”
He said: “The clan of Banū Najjār, then Banū ʿAbd al-Ashhal, then Banū al-Ḥārith ibn al-Khazraj, and then Banū Sāʿidah.”
Then he made a gesture with his hand, closing his fingers and then opening them as if scattering something, and said:
“Goodness exists in every household of the Ansār.”
«وعن سهل بن سعد الساعدي اخبره، ان عويمر العجلاني جاء إلى عاصم بن عدي ... فكانت سنة المتلاعنين»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5308
Translation:
Hazrat Sahl ibn Saʿd رضي الله عنه reported:
ʿUwaymir al-ʿAjlānī came to ʿĀṣim ibn ʿAdī al-Anṣārī and said, “O ʿĀṣim! Suppose a man finds another man with his wife—should he kill him and then be executed in retaliation, or what should he do? Please ask the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about this.”
ʿĀṣim asked the Prophet ﷺ, who disliked such questions and disapproved of them, which greatly troubled ʿĀṣim. When ʿĀṣim returned, ʿUwaymir asked, “What did the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say?” He replied, “You have brought me no good. The Prophet ﷺ disliked your question.”
ʿUwaymir said, “By Allah, I will not rest until I ask him myself.”
He went to the Prophet ﷺ, who was among the people, and said, “O Messenger of Allah, what do you say about a man who finds another man with his wife? Should he kill him, and then you execute him for it? What should he do?”
The Prophet ﷺ said: “Revelation has just been sent down regarding you and your wife. Go and bring her.”
Sahl said: “They both performed liʿān (mutual cursing) in the presence of the Prophet ﷺ while I was among the people there. When they finished, ʿUwaymir said, ‘If I were to keep her now, O Messenger of Allah, I would be a liar against her.’ Then he divorced her three times before the Prophet ﷺ commanded him to do so.”
Ibn Shihāb said: “That became the established Sunnah for mutalāʿinīn (those who perform liʿān).”
«وعن ابن عمر أن ابن عمر أخبره أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فرق بين رجل وامرأته قذفها ، وأحلفهما»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5313
Translation:
Hazrat Ibn ʿUmar رضي الله عنهما reported:
“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ separated a man and his wife who had accused her (of adultery), and he made both of them swear oaths (of liʿān).”
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى:
﴿وَأُولَاتُ الْأَحْمَالِ أَجَلُهُنَّ أَن يَضَعْنَ حَمْلَهُنَّ﴾
(Al-Ṭalāq: 4)
Translation:
“And for those who are pregnant, their waiting period ends when they deliver their burden (give birth).”
«وعن أم سلمة ... فقال: انكحي»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5318
Translation:
Umm Salamah رضي الله عنها, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ, reported:
“A woman from the tribe of Aslam named Subayʿah was pregnant when her husband passed away. Abū al-Sanābil ibn Baʿkkak proposed to her, but she refused, saying: ‘By Allah, it is not lawful for me until the longer of the two waiting periods ends.’
After giving birth, she waited for about ten nights and then went to the Prophet ﷺ, who said to her: ‘You may now marry.’”
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى:
﴿وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ رَبَّكُمْ ۖ لَا تُخْرِجُوهُنَّ مِن بُيُوتِهِنَّ﴾
(Al-Ṭalāq: 1)
Translation:
“And fear Allah, your Lord, and do not turn them out of their (husbands’) houses.”
«وعن عبد الرحمن بن القاسم، عن أبيه ... قالت: أما إنه ليس لها خير فى ذكر هذا الحديث»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth Nos. 5325–5326
Translation:
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn al-Qāsim reported from his father that ʿUrwah ibn al-Zubayr said to ʿĀ’ishah رضي الله عنها:
“Have you not seen so-and-so, the daughter of al-Ḥakam? Her husband gave her an irrevocable divorce (bainah), and she went out (from her house during her ʿiddah).”
ʿĀ’ishah رضي الله عنها said: “She has done very badly.”
ʿUrwah said: “Did you not hear the hadith of Fāṭimah bint Qays?”
ʿĀ’ishah replied: “There is no good for her in mentioning that hadith (for her situation).”
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى:
﴿وَالَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَاجًا يَتَرَبَّصْنَ بِأَنفُسِهِنَّ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا ۖ ...﴾
(Al-Baqarah: 234)
Translation:
“And those among you who die and leave behind wives—they shall wait by themselves for four months and ten days. When they have fulfilled their term, there is no blame upon you regarding what they do with themselves in a lawful manner. And Allah is All-Aware of what you do.”
«وعن زينب قالت: دخلت على أم حبيبة ... إلا على زوج أربعة أشهر وعشرا»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5334
Translation:
Hazrat Zaynab رضي الله عنها reported:
“I visited Umm Ḥabībah رضي الله عنها, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ, when her father, Abū Sufyān ibn Ḥarb, had passed away. She asked for some perfume containing a yellowish mixture of saffron or something similar. A servant applied some to her, and Umm Ḥabībah touched a bit of it to her cheeks and said:
‘By Allah, I have no need for perfume, but I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say:
“It is not permissible for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to mourn for more than three days, except for her husband—for whom the mourning is four months and ten days.”’”
«وعن حفصة ، عن أم عطية، قالت: كنا ننهى أن نحد على ميت فوق ثلاث ... وكنا ننهى عن اتباع الجنائز . قال أبو عبد الله: كلاهما يقال: الكست والقسط والكافور والقافور»
Translation:
Hazrat Ḥafṣah narrated from Umm ʿAṭiyyah رضي الله عنها who said:
“We were forbidden to mourn over any dead person for more than three days, except for a husband—for whom the mourning was four months and ten days.
During this time, we were not to apply kohl, perfume, or wear dyed clothes, except for a specific type of Yemeni striped garment (ʿaṣb).
However, we were permitted, after purification from menstruation, to apply a small amount of kust (aloeswood) for fragrance.
We were also forbidden to follow funeral processions.”
Imam al-Bukhārī said: “Both kust and qist mean the same—aloeswood, and kāfūr refers to camphor.”
«وعن حفصة ، عن أم عطية ، قالت: قال النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم: لا يحل لامرأة تؤمن بالله واليوم الآخر تحد فوق ثلاث، إلا على زوج ، فإنها لا تكتحل ولا تلبس ثوبا مصبوعا إلا ثوب عصب»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5342
Translation:
Hazrat Ḥafṣah narrated from Umm ʿAṭiyyah رضي الله عنها that the Prophet ﷺ said:
“It is not permissible for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to mourn for more than three days, except for her husband—for whom the mourning is four months and ten days.
During that time, she should not apply kohl or wear dyed clothes, except a striped Yemeni garment (ʿaṣb).”
«وعن أبيه ، قال: لعن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم الواشمة، والمستوشمة، وآكل الربا ومؤكله، ونهى عن ثمن الكلب، وكسب البغي ، ولعن المصورين»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5347
Translation:
ʿAwn ibn Abī Juḥayfah narrated from his father that the Prophet ﷺ cursed the woman who tattoos and the one who gets tattooed, the one who consumes usury and the one who gives it.
He forbade the price of a dog and the earnings of a prostitute, and he cursed the image-makers.
وصلى الله تعالى على خير خلقه محمد وآله وصحبه أجمعين
May Allah send His blessings and peace upon the best of His creation, Muhammad ﷺ, and upon his family and companions.
In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
Indeed, all praise is due to Allah. We praise Him, seek His help, and seek His forgiveness. Whomsoever Allah guides, none can mislead; and whomsoever He allows to go astray, none can guide. I bear witness that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, alone, without partner, and I bear witness that Muhammad ﷺ is His servant and Messenger.
أما بعد:
✿ Chapter: The Saying of Allah Almighty
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى:
﴿يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِذَا طَلَّقْتُمُ النِّسَاءَ فَطَلِّقُوهُنَّ لِعِدَّتِهِنَّ وَأَحْصُوا الْعِدَّةَ﴾
(Al-Ṭalāq: 1)Translation:
“O Prophet! When you (and the believers) divorce women, divorce them at a time when their prescribed waiting period can properly commence, and count the period carefully.”
Hadith 1
«عن عبد الله بن عمر أنه طلق امرأته وهى حائض على عهد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فسأل عمر بن الخطاب رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم عن ذلك ، فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: مره فليراجعها ، ثم ليمسكها حتى تطهر ثم تحيض ، ثم تطهر ، ثم إن شاء أمسك بعد وإن شاء طلق قبل أن يمس ، فتلك العدة التى أمر الله أن تطلق لها النساء»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5251Translation:
Hazrat ʿAbdullāh ibn ʿUmar رضي الله عنهما divorced his wife during her menstruation in the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. ʿUmar رضي الله عنه mentioned this to the Prophet ﷺ, who said:
“Command him to take her back, and then keep her until she becomes pure, then menstruates again, and then becomes pure once more. After that, if he wishes, he may retain her, and if he wishes, he may divorce her before touching her. That is the prescribed period concerning which Allah has commanded that women should be divorced.”
✿ Chapter: If a Woman is Divorced While Menstruating — Is It Counted?
Hadith 2
«وعن أنس بن سيرين ، قال: سمعت ابن عمر، قال: طلق ابن عمر امرأته وهى حائض ، فذكر عمر للنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال: ليراجعها . قلت: تحتسب قال: فمه؟ وعن قتادة عن يونس بن جبير عن ابن عمر قال: مره فليراجعها. قلت: تحتسب؟ قال: أرأيت إن عجز واستحمق؟»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5252Translation:
Hazrat Ibn ʿUmar رضي الله عنهما divorced his wife while she was menstruating. ʿUmar رضي الله عنه mentioned it to the Prophet ﷺ, who said: “He should take her back.”
(Anas ibn Sīrīn said
I asked Ibn ʿUmar, “Will this divorce be counted?” He replied, “Of course, then what else would it be?”(Qatādah narrated from Yūnus ibn Jubayr that he said to Ibn ʿUmar,) “Should it be counted?” He replied, “Do you think if someone were foolish or weak, the law would be changed for him?”
✿ Chapter: On Giving Divorce — and Whether it Should Be Pronounced in the Presence of the Wife
Hadith 3
«وعن عائشة رضي الله عنها أن ابنة الجون لما أدخلت على رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ودنا منها قالت: أعوذ بالله منك. فقال لها: لقد عدت بعظيم الحقي بأهلك»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5254Translation:
Hazrat ʿĀ’ishah رضي الله عنها reported that when the daughter of al-Jawn was brought to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he approached her, she said: “I seek refuge in Allah from you.”
The Prophet ﷺ said: “You have sought refuge with One who is Great — go back to your family.”
✿ Chapter: If a Man Gives Three Divorces at Once
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى:
﴿قُل لِّأَزْوَاجِكَ إِن كُنتُنَّ تُرِدْنَ الْحَيَاةَ الدُّنْيَا وَزِينَتَهَا فَتَعَالَيْنَ أُمَتِّعْكُنَّ وَأُسَرِّحْكُنَّ سَرَاحًا جَمِيلًا﴾
(Al-Aḥzāb: 28)Translation:
“Say to your wives: if you desire the life of this world and its adornment, then come, I will provide for you and release you in a handsome manner.”
Hadith 4
«وعن عائشة ، أخبرته أن امرأة رفاعة القرظي جآئت إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقالت: يا رسول الله إن رفاعة طلقني فبت طلاقي، وإني نكحت بعده عبد الرحمن بن الربير القرظي، وإنما معه مثل الهدبة. قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: لعلك تريدين أن ترجعي إلى رفاعة؟ لا ، حتى يذوق عسيلتك وتذوقي عسيلته»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5260Translation:
Hazrat ʿĀ’ishah رضي الله عنها narrated:
The wife of Rifāʿah al-Qurazī came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, “O Messenger of Allah! Rifāʿah divorced me with an irrevocable divorce, and afterward I married ʿAbdur-Raḥmān ibn Zubayr al-Qurazī, but he has nothing (is impotent).”
The Prophet ﷺ said: “Perhaps you wish to return to Rifāʿah? That is not permissible until he (the second husband) has consummated the marriage and you have tasted each other’s sweetness.”
✿ Chapter: The One Who Gives His Wives a Choice
Hadith 5
«وعن عائشة قالت: خيرنا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فاخترنا الله ورسوله ، فلم يعد ذلك علينا شيئا»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5262Translation:
Hazrat ʿĀ’ishah رضي الله عنها said:
“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave us (his wives) the choice (to remain with him or separate), and we chose Allah and His Messenger. This choice was not counted as a divorce against us.”
✿ Chapter: If a Man Says to His Wife — ‘You are Forbidden for Me’
Hadith 6
«وعن ابن عمر إذا سئل عمن طلق ثلاثا قال: لو طلقت مرة أو مرتين فإن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم أمرني بهذا، فإن طلقتها ثلاثا حرمت حتى تنكح زوجا غيره»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5264Translation:
When Hazrat Ibn ʿUmar رضي الله عنهما was asked about a man who divorced his wife thrice, he said:
“If you had divorced once or twice, you could have taken her back, for the Prophet ﷺ commanded me so. But if you have divorced her thrice, then she becomes forbidden for you until she marries another man.”
✿ Chapter: The Saying of Allah
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى:
﴿لِمَ تُحَرِّمُ مَا أَحَلَّ اللَّهُ لَكَ﴾
(Al-Taḥrīm: 1)Translation:
“O Prophet! Why do you forbid yourself that which Allah has made lawful for you?”
Hadith 7
وعن يعلى بن حكيم، عن سعيد بن جبير ، أنه أخبره أنه ، سمع ابن عباس، يقول: إذا حرم امرأته ليس بشيء . وقال: ﴿لَكُمْ فِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ﴾ (الأحزاب: 21)
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5266Translation:
ʿAbdullāh ibn ʿAbbās رضي الله عنهما said:
“If a man declares his wife unlawful to himself, it means nothing (it does not count as divorce).”
And he recited: ‘Indeed, for you in the Messenger of Allah is a perfect example’ (Al-Aḥzāb: 21).
Hadith 8
«وعن عائشة أن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم كان يمكث عند زينب ابنة جحش ، ويشرب عندها عسلا ... فنزلت: ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ لِمَ تُحَرِّمُ مَا أَحَلَّ اللَّهُ لَكَ﴾ إلى ﴿إِن تَتُوبَا إِلَى اللَّهِ﴾ (التحريم: 1 تا 4) ...»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5267Translation:
Hazrat ʿĀ’ishah رضي الله عنها narrated:
The Prophet ﷺ used to stay with Zaynab bint Jaḥsh رضي الله عنها and drink honey there. I and Ḥafṣah رضي الله عنها agreed that when the Prophet ﷺ came to either of us, we would say: “I smell maghāfīr (a strong odor) from you — have you eaten maghāfīr?”
When he came to one of us, she said this. The Prophet ﷺ replied, “No, I drank honey at Zaynab’s house, and I will not do it again.”
Then Allah revealed: “O Prophet! Why do you forbid yourself that which Allah has made lawful for you … till ‘If you both (ʿĀ’ishah and Ḥafṣah) repent to Allah’” (Al-Taḥrīm: 1–4).
✿ Chapter: There is No Divorce Before Marriage
Hadith 9
«وقال ابن عباس: جعل الله الطلاق بعد النكاح»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq (Muʿallaq)Translation:
Hazrat Ibn ʿAbbās رضي الله عنهما said:
“Allah has placed the ruling of divorce only after marriage.”
✿ Chapter: If a Man Says to His Wife Under Duress — ‘You Are My Sister’
Hadith 10
«قال النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم: قال إبراهيم لسارة: هذه أختي وذلك فى ذات الله عز وجل»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq (Muʿallaq)Translation:
The Prophet ﷺ said:
“Prophet Ibrāhīm (Abraham) عليه السلام said about his wife Sārah: ‘She is my sister’ — meaning my sister in faith — for the sake of Allah Almighty.”
✿ Chapter: The Ruling of Forced Divorce
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى:
﴿لَا تُؤَاخِذْنَا إِن نَّسِينَا أَوْ أَخْطَأْنَا﴾
(Al-Baqarah: 286)Translation:
“O Lord, do not take us to task if we forget or make a mistake.”
Hadith 11
«وقال النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم للذي أقر على نفسه: أبك جنون . وقال علي: بقر حمزة خواصر شارفي، فطفق النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم يلوم حمزة ...»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq (Muʿallaq)Translation:
The Prophet ﷺ said to the man who confessed to adultery, “Are you insane?”
And ʿAlī رضي الله عنه said: “Ḥamzah split open the sides of my she-camels.”
The Prophet ﷺ began to reprimand Ḥamzah until he realized that Ḥamzah was intoxicated — his eyes were red — and Ḥamzah said, “Are you anything but slaves of my father?”
The Prophet ﷺ understood that he was drunk and left, and we left with him.
Hadith 12
«وعن أبى هريرة عن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم: قال: إن الله تجاوز عن أمتي ما حدثت به أنفسها ، ما لم تعمل أو تتكلم . قال قتادة: إذا طلق فى نفسه فليس بشيء»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5269Translation:
Hazrat Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه reported that the Prophet ﷺ said:
“Allah has forgiven my ummah for their inner thoughts, as long as they do not act upon them or speak of them.”
Qatādah رحمه الله said: “If a person intends divorce in his heart, it has no effect until he expresses it verbally.”
Hadith 13
«وعن ابن شهاب ، قال: أخبرني أبو سلمة ، عن جابر ... فأمر به أن يرجم بالمصلى ، فلما أذلقته الحجارة جمز حتى أدرك بالحرة فقتل»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5270Translation:
Ibn Shihāb narrated from Abu Salamah, from Jābir رضي الله عنه:
A man from the tribe of Aslam came to the Prophet ﷺ in the mosque and said that he had committed adultery. The Prophet ﷺ turned away from him, but he repeated his confession four times.
The Prophet ﷺ asked: “Are you insane?” He said, “No.” The Prophet ﷺ asked, “Are you married?” He said, “Yes.”
The Prophet ﷺ then ordered him to be stoned in the place of prayer. When the stones struck him, he ran, but was caught at al-Ḥarrah and killed.
✿ Chapter: The Ruling of Khulʿ (Divorce at the Wife’s Request)
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى:
﴿وَلَا يَحِلُّ لَكُمْ أَن تَأْخُذُوا مِمَّا آتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ شَيْئًا إِلَّا أَن يَخَافَا أَلَّا يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ اللَّهِ﴾
(Al-Baqarah: 229)Translation:
“It is not lawful for you (husbands) to take back anything of what you have given them, unless both fear that they will not be able to keep within the limits of Allah.”
Hadith 14
«وعن ابن عباس ، أن امرأة ، ثابت بن قيس أتت النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم فقالت: يا رسول الله ثابت بن قيس ما أعتب عليه فى خلق ولا دين، ولكني أكره الكفر فى الإسلام. فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: أتردين عليه حديقته؟ قالت: نعم، قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: اقبل الحديقة وطلقها تطليقة»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5273Translation:
Hazrat Ibn ʿAbbās رضي الله عنهما reported:
The wife of Thābit ibn Qays رضي الله عنه came to the Prophet ﷺ and said:
“O Messenger of Allah! I do not find fault with Thābit in his religion or character, but I dislike ingratitude in Islam (by not fulfilling his rights).”
The Prophet ﷺ said: “Will you return his garden (which he gave as dowry)?” She said, “Yes.”
The Prophet ﷺ then said to Thābit رضي الله عنه: “Accept your garden and divorce her once.”
✿ Chapter: Marital Discord and the Permissibility of Khulʿ (Divorce at the Wife’s Request) in Case of Necessity
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى:
﴿وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ شِقَاقَ بَيْنِهِمَا فَابْعَثُوا حَكَمًا مِّنْ أَهْلِهِ وَحَكَمًا مِّنْ أَهْلِهَا إِن يُرِيدَا إِصْلَاحًا يُوَفِّقِ اللَّهُ بَيْنَهُمَا﴾
(Al-Nisāʾ: 35)Translation:
“And if you fear a breach between them (husband and wife), then appoint an arbitrator from his family and an arbitrator from her family. If they both desire reconciliation, Allah will cause harmony between them.”
Hadith 15
«وعن المسور بن مخرمة ، قال: سمعت النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول: إن بني المغيرة استأذنوا فى أن ينكح على ابنتهم ، فلا آذن»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5278Translation:
Hazrat al-Miswar ibn Makhramah رضي الله عنه narrated:
I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, “The family of al-Mughīrah sought my permission to marry their daughter to ʿAlī (may Allah be pleased with him), but I will not permit it.”
✿ Chapter: The Sale of a Slave Woman Does Not Constitute Divorce
Hadith 16
«وعن عائشة زوج النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم قالت: كان فى بريرة ثلاث سنن ... قال: عليها صدقة، ولنا هدية»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5279Translation:
Hazrat ʿĀ’ishah رضي الله عنها said:
“Three rulings were learned from the case of Barīrah رضي الله عنها:
① She was emancipated and then given the choice regarding her marriage (whether to remain with her husband or separate).
② The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, ‘Al-walāʾ (the right of inheritance) belongs only to the one who sets the slave free.’
③ Once the Prophet ﷺ entered our house when meat was being cooked. Some bread and sauce were brought to him, so he said: ‘Did I not see a pot of meat?’ They said: ‘Yes, but that meat was given in charity to Barīrah, and you do not eat charity.’
The Prophet ﷺ said: ‘It was charity for her, but it is a gift for us.’”
✿ Chapter: The Freedom of a Slave Woman Married to a Slave — Her Right of Choice
Hadith 17
«وعن ابن عباس ، قال: ذاك مغيث عبد بني فلان ... يبكي عليها»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5281Translation:
Hazrat Ibn ʿAbbās رضي الله عنهما narrated:
“That was Mughīth, the slave of such and such a family — the husband of Barīrah. It is as if I can still see him following her through the streets of Madinah, weeping for her.”
✿ Chapter: The Prophet’s ﷺ Intercession for Barīrah’s Husband
Hadith 18
«وعن ابن عباس ، أن زوج بريرة كان عبدا يقال له: مغيت ... قالت: فلا حاجة لي فيه»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5283Translation:
Hazrat Ibn ʿAbbās رضي الله عنهما narrated:
“The husband of Barīrah رضي الله عنها was a slave named Mughīth. It is as if I can still see him following her, weeping, with tears flowing down his beard.
The Prophet ﷺ said to ʿAbbās رضي الله عنه: ‘O ʿAbbās! Are you not amazed by the love of Mughīth for Barīrah and the hatred of Barīrah for Mughīth?’
The Prophet ﷺ then said to Barīrah: ‘Why don’t you return to him?’
She said: ‘O Messenger of Allah! Are you commanding me?’
He said: ‘No, I am only interceding.’
She replied: ‘Then I have no need of him.’”
✿ Chapter: The Saying of Allah
Prohibition of Marrying Polytheist Women
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى:
﴿وَلَا تَنكِحُوا الْمُشْرِكَاتِ حَتَّىٰ يُؤْمِنَّ ۚ وَلَأَمَةٌ مُّؤْمِنَةٌ خَيْرٌ مِّن مُّشْرِكَةٍ وَلَوْ أَعْجَبَتْكُمْ﴾
(Al-Baqarah: 221)Translation:
“And do not marry polytheist women until they believe. Indeed, a believing slave woman is better than a polytheist woman, even though she might please you.”
Hadith 19
«وعن ابن عمر ، كان إذا سئل عن نكاح النصرانية ، أو اليهودية، قال: إن الله حرم المشركات على المؤمنين، ولا أعلم من الإشراك شيئا أكثر من أن تقول المرأة: ربها عيسى، وهو عبد من عباد الله»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5285Translation:
Hazrat Ibn ʿUmar رضي الله عنهما said:
“When asked about marrying a Christian or Jewish woman, he would reply:
‘Allah has forbidden the believers from marrying polytheist women, and I do not know of a greater form of shirk than for a woman to say, “My Lord is Jesus,” whereas he is merely a servant among the servants of Allah.’”
✿ Chapter: Marriage and the Waiting Period of Polytheist Women Who Embrace Islam
Hadith 20
«وعن ابن عباس: كان المشركون على منزلتين من النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم ... وردت أثمانهم»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5286Translation:
Hazrat Ibn ʿAbbās رضي الله عنهما said:
“The polytheists in relation to the Prophet ﷺ and the believers were of two types —
① those at war (Ahl Ḥarb) — with whom there was open fighting, and
② those under a peace treaty (Ahl ʿAhd).
When a woman from the hostile group accepted Islam and migrated, she was not proposed to until she menstruated and then became pure. After that, marriage with her was lawful.
If her husband also migrated before she remarried, she would return to him.
If a slave man or woman from among them migrated and accepted Islam, they were considered free and had the same rights as other emigrants.
As for those from the treaty group, if their slaves migrated, they were not returned to them, but their monetary value was compensated.”
✿ Chapter: If a Polytheist or Christian Woman Embraces Islam While Married to a Polytheist
Hadith 21
«وعن عائشة زوج النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم قالت: كانت المؤمنات إذا ها جرن إلى النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم يمتحنهن ... كلاما»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5288Translation:
Hazrat ʿĀ’ishah رضي الله عنها said:
“When believing women migrated to the Prophet ﷺ, he would test them according to Allah’s command:
﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا جَاءَكُمُ الْمُؤْمِنَاتُ مُهَاجِرَاتٍ فَامْتَحِنُوهُنَّ﴾ (Al-Mumtaḥanah: 10)
Whoever acknowledged the conditions mentioned in the verse was considered to have passed the test.
When they verbally affirmed these, the Prophet ﷺ would say to them, ‘You may go, for I have accepted your pledge.’
By Allah, the hand of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ never touched the hand of any woman. He took their pledge only verbally, saying: ‘I have accepted your pledge.’”
✿ Chapter: The Saying of Allah Regarding ‘Īlāʾ (Oath of Abstention)
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى:
﴿لِلَّذِيْنَ يُؤْلُوْنَ مِنْ نِّسَآىٕهِمْ تَرَبُّصُ اَرْبَعَةِ اَشْهُرٍ﴾
(Al-Baqarah: 226)Translation:
“For those who swear not to approach their wives is a waiting period of four months.”
Hadith 22
«وعن أنس بن مالك ، يقول آلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم من نسائه ... قال: الشهر تسع وعشرون»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5289Translation:
Hazrat Anas ibn Mālik رضي الله عنه narrated:
“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ took an oath to abstain from his wives. His leg was injured, so he stayed in an upper room for twenty-nine days. When he came down, people said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, you swore to stay for a month!’
He replied: ‘A month is sometimes twenty-nine days.’”
Hadith 23
«وعن نافع ، أن ابن عمر كان يقول فى الإيلاء ... كما أمره الله عز وجل»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5290Translation:
Nafiʿ reported that Ibn ʿUmar رضي الله عنهما said regarding ʾĪlāʾ:
“After the completion of the specified period (four months), it is not permissible for a man except either to retain his wife honorably or to divorce her, as Allah has commanded.”
✿ Chapter: The Case of a Missing Person Regarding His Family and Property
Hadith 24
«وعن يزيد، مولى المنبعث أن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم سئل عن ضالة الغنم ... فاخلطها بمالك»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5292Translation:
Yazīd, the freed slave of al-Munbaʿith, reported:
The Prophet ﷺ was asked about a lost sheep. He said: “Take it, for it is either yours, your brother’s, or the wolf’s.”
When asked about a lost camel, the Prophet ﷺ became angry and his cheeks turned red and said:
“What concern have you with it? It has its shoes and its water-skin — it drinks water and eats trees until its owner finds it.”
He was also asked about lost property (luqaṭah), and he said:
“Announce its rope and container and make a public announcement for one year. If its owner comes, return it to him; otherwise, use it as your property.”
✿ Chapter: Expressing Divorce or Rulings by Gestures (for the Mute)
Hadith 25
«وعن ابن عباس، طاف رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم على بعيره ... وعقد تسعين»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5293Translation:
Hazrat Ibn ʿAbbās رضي الله عنهما said:
“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ performed ṭawāf around the Kaʿbah on his camel, and every time he came to the Black Stone, he pointed toward it and said takbīr (Allāhu Akbar).”
Zaynab bint Jaḥsh رضي الله عنها reported that the Prophet ﷺ said:
“The wall of Gog and Magog has been opened this much,” and he made a circle of ninety with his fingers.
Hadith 26
«وعن أبى هريرة ، قال: قال أبو القاسم صلى الله عليه وسلم ... قلنا يزهدها»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5294Translation:
Hazrat Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said:
“On Friday there is an hour during which no Muslim stands in prayer and asks Allah for anything good, except that He grants it.”
Then he ﷺ gestured with his hand, placing his fingertips between the middle and little finger — indicating that this hour is very brief.
Hadith 27
«وعن أنس بن مالك ، عدا يهودي فى عهد رسول الله ... فرضخ رأسه بين حجرين»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5295Translation:
Hazrat Anas ibn Mālik رضي الله عنه narrated:
“A Jew attacked a young girl in the time of the Prophet ﷺ, stole her ornaments, and crushed her head. She was brought to the Prophet ﷺ near death.
He asked her, ‘Did so-and-so kill you?’ She shook her head ‘no.’
He asked another name — she again gestured ‘no.’
Then he mentioned the name of her killer, and she nodded ‘yes.’
The man was brought, confessed to the crime, and the Prophet ﷺ ordered that his head be crushed between two stones as hers had been.”
Hadith 28
«وعن ابن عمر قال: سمعت النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول: الفتنة من هاهنا . وأشار إلى المشرق»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5296Translation:
Hazrat Ibn ʿUmar رضي الله عنهما said:
“I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: ‘Fitnah (trials) will arise from this direction,’ and he pointed toward the east.”
Hadith 29
«وعن عبدالله بن أبى أوفى، قال: كنا فى سفر مع رسول الله ... فقد أفطر الصائم»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5297Translation:
Hazrat ʿAbdullāh ibn Abī Awfā رضي الله عنه narrated:
“We were on a journey with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. When the sun set, he said to a man: ‘Dismount and prepare a drink for me.’
He said: ‘O Messenger of Allah, if only you would wait until it becomes darker.’
The Prophet ﷺ repeated the command three times. Finally, the man dismounted and prepared the drink. The Prophet ﷺ drank it, then pointed with his hand toward the east and said:
‘When you see night approaching from this direction, then the fasting person should break his fast.’”
Hadith 30
«وعن عبد الله بن مسعود قال: قال النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم: لا يمنعن أحدا منكم نداء بلال ... وأظهر يزيد يديه ثم مد إحداهما من الأخرى»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5298Translation:
Hazrat ʿAbdullāh ibn Masʿūd رضي الله عنه reported that the Prophet ﷺ said:
“None of you should be stopped by the call of Bilāl or his adhān from eating your suḥūr, for he gives the call so that the one who is praying may stop (for rest), not to indicate the dawn. The true dawn appears like this —”
And Yazīd (the narrator) demonstrated with his hands — spreading one over the other — to indicate the horizontal brightness of dawn.
✿ Hadith 31
«وعن أبى هريرة، قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: مثل البخيل والمنفق كمثل رجلين عليهما جبتان من حديد، من لدن تديهما إلى تراقيهما ، فأما المنفق فلا ينفق شيئا إلا مادت على جلده حتى تجن بنانه وتعفو أثره ، وأما البخيل فلا يريد ينفق إلا لزمت كل حلقة موضعها ، فهو يوسعها فلا تتسع ، ويشير بإصبعه إلى حلقه»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5299Translation:
Hazrat Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه narrated that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:
“The example of a miser and a generous person is like two men wearing coats of armor made of iron, extending from their chests to their collarbones.
The generous person does not spend anything without his armor expanding until it covers his whole body and even his toes, and it wipes out his footsteps (i.e., his charity shields him).
But the miser, whenever he intends to spend, his armor clings tightly to him; each ring remains stuck in its place, and he tries to widen it, but it does not widen.”
The Prophet ﷺ pointed with his fingers toward his throat while saying this.
✿ Chapter: The Ruling on Liʿān (Mutual Cursing Between Husband and Wife)
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى:
﴿وَالَّذِينَ يَرْمُونَ أَزْوَاجَهُمْ وَلَمْ يَكُن لَّهُمْ شُهَدَاءُ إِلَّا أَنفُسُهُمْ فَشَهَادَةُ أَحَدِهِمْ أَرْبَعُ شَهَادَاتٍ بِاللَّهِ ۙ إِنَّهُ لَمِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ﴾
(Al-Nūr: 6)Translation:
“And those who accuse their wives (of adultery) and have no witnesses except themselves—then the testimony of one of them shall be four testimonies (by Allah) that he is indeed of the truthful.”
✿ Hadith 32
«وعن أنس بن مالك ، يقول: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: ألا أخبركم بخير دور الأنصار؟ ... وفي كل دور الأنصار خير»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5300Translation:
Hazrat Anas ibn Mālik رضي الله عنه reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:
“Shall I not tell you which of the tribes of the Ansār have the best households?”
They said, “Yes, O Messenger of Allah.”
He said: “The clan of Banū Najjār, then Banū ʿAbd al-Ashhal, then Banū al-Ḥārith ibn al-Khazraj, and then Banū Sāʿidah.”
Then he made a gesture with his hand, closing his fingers and then opening them as if scattering something, and said:
“Goodness exists in every household of the Ansār.”
✿ Chapter: Liʿān and Divorce Following It
Hadith 33
«وعن سهل بن سعد الساعدي اخبره، ان عويمر العجلاني جاء إلى عاصم بن عدي ... فكانت سنة المتلاعنين»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5308Translation:
Hazrat Sahl ibn Saʿd رضي الله عنه reported:
ʿUwaymir al-ʿAjlānī came to ʿĀṣim ibn ʿAdī al-Anṣārī and said, “O ʿĀṣim! Suppose a man finds another man with his wife—should he kill him and then be executed in retaliation, or what should he do? Please ask the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about this.”
ʿĀṣim asked the Prophet ﷺ, who disliked such questions and disapproved of them, which greatly troubled ʿĀṣim. When ʿĀṣim returned, ʿUwaymir asked, “What did the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say?” He replied, “You have brought me no good. The Prophet ﷺ disliked your question.”
ʿUwaymir said, “By Allah, I will not rest until I ask him myself.”
He went to the Prophet ﷺ, who was among the people, and said, “O Messenger of Allah, what do you say about a man who finds another man with his wife? Should he kill him, and then you execute him for it? What should he do?”
The Prophet ﷺ said: “Revelation has just been sent down regarding you and your wife. Go and bring her.”
Sahl said: “They both performed liʿān (mutual cursing) in the presence of the Prophet ﷺ while I was among the people there. When they finished, ʿUwaymir said, ‘If I were to keep her now, O Messenger of Allah, I would be a liar against her.’ Then he divorced her three times before the Prophet ﷺ commanded him to do so.”
Ibn Shihāb said: “That became the established Sunnah for mutalāʿinīn (those who perform liʿān).”
✿ Chapter: Separation Between the Couple Who Perform Liʿān
Hadith 34
«وعن ابن عمر أن ابن عمر أخبره أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فرق بين رجل وامرأته قذفها ، وأحلفهما»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5313Translation:
Hazrat Ibn ʿUmar رضي الله عنهما reported:
“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ separated a man and his wife who had accused her (of adultery), and he made both of them swear oaths (of liʿān).”
✿ Chapter: The Waiting Period (‘Iddah) for a Pregnant Woman
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى:
﴿وَأُولَاتُ الْأَحْمَالِ أَجَلُهُنَّ أَن يَضَعْنَ حَمْلَهُنَّ﴾
(Al-Ṭalāq: 4)Translation:
“And for those who are pregnant, their waiting period ends when they deliver their burden (give birth).”
Hadith 35
«وعن أم سلمة ... فقال: انكحي»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5318Translation:
Umm Salamah رضي الله عنها, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ, reported:
“A woman from the tribe of Aslam named Subayʿah was pregnant when her husband passed away. Abū al-Sanābil ibn Baʿkkak proposed to her, but she refused, saying: ‘By Allah, it is not lawful for me until the longer of the two waiting periods ends.’
After giving birth, she waited for about ten nights and then went to the Prophet ﷺ, who said to her: ‘You may now marry.’”
✿ Chapter: The Story of Fāṭimah bint Qays رضي الله عنها
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى:
﴿وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ رَبَّكُمْ ۖ لَا تُخْرِجُوهُنَّ مِن بُيُوتِهِنَّ﴾
(Al-Ṭalāq: 1)Translation:
“And fear Allah, your Lord, and do not turn them out of their (husbands’) houses.”
Hadith 36
«وعن عبد الرحمن بن القاسم، عن أبيه ... قالت: أما إنه ليس لها خير فى ذكر هذا الحديث»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth Nos. 5325–5326Translation:
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn al-Qāsim reported from his father that ʿUrwah ibn al-Zubayr said to ʿĀ’ishah رضي الله عنها:
“Have you not seen so-and-so, the daughter of al-Ḥakam? Her husband gave her an irrevocable divorce (bainah), and she went out (from her house during her ʿiddah).”
ʿĀ’ishah رضي الله عنها said: “She has done very badly.”
ʿUrwah said: “Did you not hear the hadith of Fāṭimah bint Qays?”
ʿĀ’ishah replied: “There is no good for her in mentioning that hadith (for her situation).”
✿ Chapter: Mourning Period for a Widow (Four Months and Ten Days)
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى:
﴿وَالَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَاجًا يَتَرَبَّصْنَ بِأَنفُسِهِنَّ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا ۖ ...﴾
(Al-Baqarah: 234)Translation:
“And those among you who die and leave behind wives—they shall wait by themselves for four months and ten days. When they have fulfilled their term, there is no blame upon you regarding what they do with themselves in a lawful manner. And Allah is All-Aware of what you do.”
Hadith 37
«وعن زينب قالت: دخلت على أم حبيبة ... إلا على زوج أربعة أشهر وعشرا»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5334Translation:
Hazrat Zaynab رضي الله عنها reported:
“I visited Umm Ḥabībah رضي الله عنها, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ, when her father, Abū Sufyān ibn Ḥarb, had passed away. She asked for some perfume containing a yellowish mixture of saffron or something similar. A servant applied some to her, and Umm Ḥabībah touched a bit of it to her cheeks and said:
‘By Allah, I have no need for perfume, but I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say:
“It is not permissible for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to mourn for more than three days, except for her husband—for whom the mourning is four months and ten days.”’”
✿ Chapter: Using a Small Amount of Perfume After Menstrual Purity During Mourning
Hadith 38
«وعن حفصة ، عن أم عطية، قالت: كنا ننهى أن نحد على ميت فوق ثلاث ... وكنا ننهى عن اتباع الجنائز . قال أبو عبد الله: كلاهما يقال: الكست والقسط والكافور والقافور»
Translation:
Hazrat Ḥafṣah narrated from Umm ʿAṭiyyah رضي الله عنها who said:
“We were forbidden to mourn over any dead person for more than three days, except for a husband—for whom the mourning was four months and ten days.
During this time, we were not to apply kohl, perfume, or wear dyed clothes, except for a specific type of Yemeni striped garment (ʿaṣb).
However, we were permitted, after purification from menstruation, to apply a small amount of kust (aloeswood) for fragrance.
We were also forbidden to follow funeral processions.”
Imam al-Bukhārī said: “Both kust and qist mean the same—aloeswood, and kāfūr refers to camphor.”
✿ Chapter: The Widow May Wear Yemeni Striped Garments (Thiyāb al-ʿAṣb)
Hadith 39
«وعن حفصة ، عن أم عطية ، قالت: قال النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم: لا يحل لامرأة تؤمن بالله واليوم الآخر تحد فوق ثلاث، إلا على زوج ، فإنها لا تكتحل ولا تلبس ثوبا مصبوعا إلا ثوب عصب»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5342Translation:
Hazrat Ḥafṣah narrated from Umm ʿAṭiyyah رضي الله عنها that the Prophet ﷺ said:
“It is not permissible for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to mourn for more than three days, except for her husband—for whom the mourning is four months and ten days.
During that time, she should not apply kohl or wear dyed clothes, except a striped Yemeni garment (ʿaṣb).”
✿ Chapter: The Earnings of a Prostitute and Invalid Marriage Contracts
Hadith 40
«وعن أبيه ، قال: لعن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم الواشمة، والمستوشمة، وآكل الربا ومؤكله، ونهى عن ثمن الكلب، وكسب البغي ، ولعن المصورين»
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Ṭalāq, Ḥadīth No. 5347Translation:
ʿAwn ibn Abī Juḥayfah narrated from his father that the Prophet ﷺ cursed the woman who tattoos and the one who gets tattooed, the one who consumes usury and the one who gives it.
He forbade the price of a dog and the earnings of a prostitute, and he cursed the image-makers.
وصلى الله تعالى على خير خلقه محمد وآله وصحبه أجمعين
May Allah send His blessings and peace upon the best of His creation, Muhammad ﷺ, and upon his family and companions.
