السنن المأثورة
Sunan al-Shafi'i
باب ما جاء في صيام عاشوراءChapter. What has been reported about fasting on Ashura.
باب ما جاء في صيام عاشوراء
Chapter. What has been reported about fasting on Ashura.
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Hadith 323
حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ عُبَيْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أَبِي يزَيْدٍ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ ، يَقُولُ : " مَا عَلِمْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ صَامَ يَوْمًا يَتَحَرَّى فَضْلَهُ عَلَى الأَيَّامِ إِلا هَذَا الْيَوْمَ يَعْنِي يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ " .
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that I do not know of the Prophet ﷺ regarding any day as superior and fasting on it, except for Ashura.
Hadith 324
وَأَخْبَرَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ حَسَّانَ ، عَنِ اللَّيْثِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ ، قَالَ : ذُكِرَ عِنْدَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمُ عَاشُورَاءَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " كَانَ يَوْمًا يَصُومُهُ أَهْلُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَمَنْ أَحَبَّ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ يَصُومَهُ فَلْيَصُمْهُ وَمَنْ كَرِهَ فَلْيَدَعْهُ " .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was mentioned about the fasting of the day of Ashura. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The people of ignorance also used to fast on this day. Whoever wishes may fast on this day, and whoever dislikes may not fast."
Hadith 325
وَأَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَتْ : " كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَصُومُ عَاشُورَاءَ وَيَأْمُرُنَا بِصِيَامِهِ " .
Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), the wife of the Prophet ﷺ, narrates that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to fast on the day of Ashura and would also command us to fast.
Hadith 326
وَأَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ ، عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : " لَئِنْ سَلِمْتُ إِلَى قَابِلٍ لأَصُومَنَّ الْيَوْمَ التَّاسِعَ " .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If I remain alive till the next year, I will surely fast on the ninth of Muharram."
Hadith 327
حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ، عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ عَلَى مِنْبَرِ الْمَدِينَةِ وَأَخْرَجَ قُصَّةً مِنْ كُمِّهِ ، فَقَالَ : أَيْنَ عُلَمَاؤُكُمْ يَا أَهْلَ الْمَدِينَةِ ؟ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَنْهَى عَنْ مِثْلِ هَذِهِ ، وَقَالَ : " إِنَّمَا هَلَكَتْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ حِينَ اتَّخَذَهَا نِسَاؤُهُمْ " ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ يَقُولُ : " إِنِّي صَائِمٌ فَمَنْ شَاءَ فَلْيَصُمْ " .
Humaid bin Abdur Rahman (may Allah have mercy on him) says: I heard Sayyiduna Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) on the pulpit of Madinah on the day of Ashura. He took out a bunch of hair from his sleeve and said: "O people of Madinah, where have your scholars gone? I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbid this and he said: The Children of Israel were destroyed when their women started using such artificial hair." Then he said: "I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say on this day: I am fasting; whoever wishes may fast on this day."
Hadith 328
وَأَنْبَأَنَا مَالِكٌ ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا ، أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ : " كَانَ يَوْمُ عَاشُورَاءَ يَوْمًا يَصُومُهُ قُرَيْشٌ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَصُومُهُ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْمَدِينَةَ صَامَهُ وَأَمَرَ بِصِيَامِهِ فَلَمَّا فُرِضَ رَمَضَانُ كَانَ الْفَرِيضَةَ وَتُرِكَ يَوْمُ عَاشُورَاءَ فَمَنْ شَاءَ صَامَهُ وَمَنْ شَاءَ تَرَكَهُ " .
Umm al-Mu'mineen Sayyidah Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: The Quraish used to fast on the day of Ashura even in the days of ignorance, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) also used to fast on that day. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to Madinah, he fasted on the day of Ashura and also ordered others to fast on it. Then, when the fasts of Ramadan were made obligatory, the obligation of fasting on Ashura was abrogated; whoever wished could fast, and whoever wished could leave it.
Hadith 329
أَنْبَأَنَا مَالِكٌ ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ، عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ عَامَ حَجَّ وَهُوَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ ، يَقُولُ : يَا أَهْلَ الْمَدِينَةِ أَيْنَ عُلَمَاؤُكُمْ ؟ ! سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ : " إِنَّ هَذَا الْيَوْمَ يَوْمُ عَاشُورَاءَ وَلَمْ يَكْتُبِ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ صِيَامَهُ وَأَنَا صَائِمٌ فَمَنْ شَاءَ فَلْيَصُمْ وَمَنْ شَاءَ فَلْيُفْطِرْ " .
It is narrated from Humaid bin Abdur Rahman (may Allah have mercy on him) that he heard Sayyiduna Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) on the day of Ashura, in the year of Hajj, while Sayyiduna Muawiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) was on the pulpit saying: "O people of Madinah! Where are your scholars? (Why do they not forbid you from attaching artificial hair?) I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: 'Today is the day of Ashura. Fasting on this day has not been made obligatory by Allah, but I am fasting. Whoever wishes may fast, and whoever wishes may break his fast.'"
Hadith 330
عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ ، سَمِعَ عُبَيْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أَبِي يَزِيدَ ، يَقُولُ : سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ ، يَقُولُ : " صُومُوا التَّاسِعَ وَالْعَاشِرَ ، وَلا تَتَشَبَّهُوا بِيَهُودَ " .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that he said: Fast on the 9th and 10th of Muharram; do not resemble the Jews.
