السنن المأثورة
Sunan al-Shafi'i
باب ما جاء في الصلاة في السفرChapter. What has been reported about prayer during travel.
باب ما جاء في الصلاة في السفر
Chapter. What has been reported about prayer during travel.
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Hadith 1
أَنْبَأَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بنِ أَبِي فُدَيْكٍ ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ ، عَنِ الْمَقْبُرِيِّ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ ، قَالَ : حُبِسْنَا يَوْمَ الْخَنْدَقِ عَنِ الصَّلاةِ , حَتَّى كَانَ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ بِهَوِيٍّ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ حَتَّى كُفِينَا , وَذَلِكَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى : وَكَفَى اللَّهُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الْقِتَالَ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ قَوِيًّا عَزِيزًا سورة الأحزاب آية 25 ، قَالَ : " فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِلالا , فَأَمَرَهُ فَأَقَامَ الظُّهْرَ , فَصَلاهَا فَأَحْسَنَ صَلاتَهَا كَمَا كَانَ يُصَلِّيهَا فِي وَقْتِهَا , ثُمَّ أَقَامَ الْعَصْرَ فَصَلاهَا كَذَلِكَ , ثُمَّ أَقَامَ الْمَغْرِبَ فَصَلاهَا كَذَلِكَ , ثُمَّ أَقَامَ الْعِشَاءَ فَصَلاهَا كَذَلِكَ أَيْضًا " , قَالَ : وَذَلِكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُنْزِلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِي صَلاةِ الْخَوْفِ : فَرِجَالا أَوْ رُكْبَانًا .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) that on the day of the Battle of the Trench, we were prevented from performing the prayer, meaning the polytheists kept us occupied in battle until a considerable part of the night had passed after Maghrib. Then we were sufficed, as mentioned in Allah Almighty's statement: ﴿وَكَفَى اللهُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الْقِتَالَ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ قَوِيًّا عَزِيزًا﴾ [الاحزاب: 25] "In this battle, Allah Himself was sufficient for the believers in fighting; Allah is All-Powerful, All-Mighty." So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) called Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) and instructed him, so he gave the iqamah for the Zuhr prayer, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) led the prayer with the same calmness as he used to at its proper time. Then the iqamah was given for Asr, and he led Asr in the same manner as he used to at its proper time. Then Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) gave the iqamah for Maghrib, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) led Maghrib in the same way. Then the iqamah was given for Isha, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) led Isha calmly and humbly as well. The narrator says: This was before the method of the prayer of fear ﴿فَرِجَالًا اَوْ رُكْبَانًا﴾ [البقره: 239] was revealed.
Hadith 2
أَنْبَأَنَا مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ ، عَنْ عَمِّهِ أَبِي سُهَيْلِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ طَلْحَةَ بْنَ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ ، يَقُولُ : جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ أَهْلِ نَجْدٍ ثَائِرَ الرَّأْسِ , يُسْمَعُ دَوِيُّ صَوْتِهِ , وَلا يُفْقَهُ مَا يَقُولُ , حَتَّى دَنَا , فَإِذَا هُوَ يَسْأَلُ عَنِ الإِسْلامِ , فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " خَمْسُ صَلَوَاتٍ فِي الْيَوْمِ وَاللَّيْلَةِ " , فَقَالَ : هَلْ عَلَيَّ غَيْرُهَا ؟ قَالَ : " لا , إِلا أَنْ تَطَوَّعَ " , قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " وَصِيَامُ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ " , قَالَ : هَلْ عَلَيَّ غَيْرُهُ ؟ قَالَ : " لا , إِلا أَنْ تَطَوَّعَ " , قَالَ : وَذَكَرَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الصَّدَقَةَ , قَالَ : هَلْ عَلَيَّ غَيْرُهَا ؟ قَالَ : " لا , إِلا أَنْ تَطَوَّعَ " , فَأَدْبَرَ الرَّجُلُ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ : وَاللَّهِ لا أَزِيدُ عَلَى هَذَا , وَلا أَنْقُصُ مِنْهُ , فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " أَفْلَحَ إِنْ صَدَقَ " .
It is narrated from Talhah bin Ubaidullah (may Allah be pleased with him) who says: A man from the people of Najd came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) with disheveled hair. The humming of his voice could be heard but it was not clear what he was saying, until he came close to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and it became known that he was asking about Islam. So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Islam is to perform five prayers in the day and night. The man asked: Is there any prayer obligatory upon me other than these five? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “No, unless you wish to offer voluntary prayers.” Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “And fasting in Ramadan is also obligatory.” The man said: Are there any (other fasts) besides this? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “No,” except if you wish to fast voluntarily (then it is up to you). The narrator writes that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) also informed him about charity (zakat). The man said: Is there any zakat obligatory upon me other than this? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “No, unless you wish to give charity voluntarily.” The narrator says that the man turned back and was saying: By Allah! I will neither add to this obligation nor decrease from it. So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “If he has spoken the truth, he will be successful.”
Hadith 3
أَنْبَأَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ ، عَنْ طَاوُسٍ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، " أَنّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أُمِرَ أَنْ يَسْجُدَ عَلَى سَبْعَةِ أَعْظُمٍ , وَنُهِيَ أَنْ يَكُفَّ ثِيَابَهُ وَشَعْرَهُ " . قَالَ لَنَا الطَّحَاوِيُّ : قَالَ لَنَا الْمُزَنِيُّ : وَهِيَ عِنْدِي : يَكْفِتَ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was commanded to prostrate on seven bones and not to gather the hair or clothes.
Hadith 4
أَنْبَأَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ طَاوُسٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، قَالَ : " أُمِرَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يَسْجُدَ عَلَى سَبْعٍ : عَلَى يَدَيْهِ , وَجَبْهَتِهِ , وَأَنْفِهِ ، وَرُكْبَتَيْهِ , وَأَطْرَافِ أَصَابِعِهِ , وَنُهِيَ أَنْ يَكْفِتَ الشَّعْرَ وَالثِّيَابَ " . قَالَ سُفْيَانُ : وَأَرَانَا ابْنُ طَاوُسٍ , فَوَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَى جَبْهَتِهِ , ثُمَّ مَرَّ بِهَا عَلَى أَنْفِهِ , حَتَّى بَلَغَ طَرَفَ أَنْفِهِ , فَقَالَ : كَانَ أَبِي يَعُدُّ هَذَا وَاحِدًا .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was commanded to prostrate on seven parts: both his hands, his forehead, his nose, both his knees, and the sides of his toes, and he was forbidden to gather his hair and clothes during prayer. The narrator of the hadith, Sufyan (may Allah have mercy on him), says that Ibn Tawus (may Allah have mercy on him) practically showed us by passing his hand over his forehead up to the tip of his nose and said: My father Tawus (may Allah have mercy on him) used to count this whole part as one limb.
Hadith 5
وَأَنْبَأَنَا عَبْدُ الْمَجِيدِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ ، قَالَ : أَخْبَرَنِي عِمْرَانُ بْنُ مُوسَى ، قَالَ : أَخْبَرَنِي سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْمَقْبُرِيُّ ، أَنَّهُ رَأَى أَبَا رَافِعٍ مَوْلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَرَّ بِحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلامُ يُصَلِّي , قَدْ غَرَزَ ضَفْرَتَهُ فِي قَفَاهُ , فَحَلَّهَا أَبُو رَافِعٍ , فَالْتَفَتَ حَسَنٌ إِلَيْهِ مُغْضَبًا , فَقَالَ أَبُو رَافِعٍ : أَقْبِلْ عَلَى صَلاتِكَ وَلا تَغْضَبْ , فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ : " ذَلِكَ كِفْلُ الشَّيْطَانِ " . يَقُولُ : مَقْعَدُ الشَّيْطَانِ , يَعْنِي مَغْرَزَ ضَفْرَتِهِ .
It is narrated from Sa'id bin Abi Sa'id Al-Maqburi (may Allah have mercy on him) that he saw Sayyiduna Abu Rafi' (may Allah be pleased with him) passing by Sayyiduna Hasan bin Ali (may Allah be pleased with them both) while Hasan (may Allah be pleased with them both) was praying and had a plait of hair pressed into his nape. So Abu Rafi' (may Allah be pleased with him), the freed slave of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), untied his plait. At this, Hasan bin Ali (may Allah be pleased with them both) looked at him angrily. Abu Rafi' (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Continue your prayer and do not be angry. Indeed, I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: This plait is the seat of Satan.
Hadith 6
حَدَّثَنَا مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي الدِّيلِ يُقَالُ لَهُ : بُسْرُ بْنُ مِحْجَنٍ , عَنْ أَبِيهِ مِحْجَنٍ ، أَنَّهُ كَانَ فِي مَجْلِسٍ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ , فَأُذِّنَ بِالصَّلاةِ , فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَصَلَّى , ثُمَّ رَجَعَ وَمِحْجَنٌ فِي مَجْلِسِهِ , فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " مَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ مَعَ النَّاسِ ؟ أَلَسْتَ بِرَجُلٍ مُسْلِمٍ ؟ ! " قَالَ : بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ , وَلَكِنِّي قَدْ كُنْتُ صَلَّيْتُ فِي أَهْلِي , فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " إِذَا جِئْتَ فَصَلِّ مَعَ النَّاسِ , وَإِنْ كُنْتَ قَدْ صَلَّيْتَ " . قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ : النَّاسُ كُلُّهُمْ يَقُولُونَ : بُسْرُ بْنُ مِحْجَنٍ غَيْرُ الثَّوْرِيِّ , فَإِنَّهُ يَقُولُ : بِشْرُ بْنُ مِحْجَنٍ . حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنَ أَبِي دَاوُدَ الْبُرُلُّسِيَّ يَقُولُ : سَمِعْتُ أَحْمَدَ بْنَ صَالِحٍ مَسْجِدِ الْجَامِعِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَلْزَمَ بَيْتَهُ يَقُولُ : سَأَلْتُ جَمَاعَةً مِنْ وَلَدِ ابْنِ مِحْجَنٍ هَذَا وَمِنْ رَهْطِهِ عَنِ اسْمِهِ فَمَا اخْتَلَفَ عَلَيَّ مِنْهُمُ اثْنَانِ أَنَّهُ بِشْرٌ كَمَا قَالَ الثَّوْرِيُّ وَلَيْسَ كَمَا قَالَ مَالِكٌ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Mihjan (may Allah be pleased with him) that he was in the gathering of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) when the muezzin gave the call to prayer. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) stood up for prayer, performed the prayer, and then returned to find that Mihjan (may Allah be pleased with him) was still sitting in his place. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "What prevented you from praying with us? Are you not a Muslim?" Mihjan (may Allah be pleased with him) replied: "Why not! But I had already performed the prayer at home." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When you come to the mosque, perform the congregational prayer, even if you have already prayed alone before."
Hadith 7
عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ ، سَمِعَ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، يَقُولُ : كَانَ مُعَاذُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ يُصَلِّي مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْعِشَاءَ , أَوْ قَالَ : الْعَتَمَةَ , ثُمَّ يَرْجِعُ فَيُصَلِّيهَا بِقَوْمِهِ فِي بَنِي سَلِمَةَ , قَالَ : فَأَخَّرَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ صَلاةَ الْعِشَاءِ أَوْ قَالَ الْعَتَمَةِ ذَاتَ لَيْلَةٍ , قَالَ : فَصَلَّى مُعَاذٌ مَعَهُ , ثُمَّ رَجَعَ , فَأَمَّ قَوْمَهُ , فَقَرَأَ سُورَةَ الْبَقَرَةِ , فَتَنَحَّى رَجُلٌ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ فَصَلَّى وَحْدَهُ , فَقِيلَ لَهُ : أَنَافَقْتَ ؟ قَالَ : لا , وَلَكِنِّي آتِي النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأُخْبِرُهُ , فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ , إِنَّكَ أَخَّرْتَ الْعِشَاءَ , وَإِنَّ مُعَاذًا صَلَّى مَعَكَ , ثُمَّ رَجَعَ فَأَمَّنَا , فَافْتَتَحَ سُورَةَ الْبَقَرَةِ , فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُ ذَلِكَ تَأَخَّرْتُ فَصَلَّيْتُ , وَإِنَّمَا نَحْنُ أَصْحَابُ نَوَاضِحَ , نَعْمَلُ بِأَيْدِينَا , فَأَقْبَلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى مُعَاذٍ فَقَالَ : " أَفَتَّانٌ أَنْتَ يَا مُعَاذُ ؟ ! أَفَتَّانٌ أَنْتَ ؟ ! اقْرَأْ بِسُورَةِ كَذَا , وَسُورَةِ كَذَا " .
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) would perform the 'Isha prayer in congregation with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), then return and lead his people, Banu Salamah, in the 'Isha prayer. One night, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed the 'Isha prayer late. Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) prayed behind the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), then went and led his people in prayer and began reciting Surah Al-Baqarah. One man separated himself and prayed alone. He was asked: "Are you a hypocrite?" He replied: "No, but I will go to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and inform him." In the morning, he went to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: "O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! You performed the 'Isha prayer late, and Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) prayed with you, then returned and led us in prayer and began reciting Surah Al-Baqarah. When I saw this, I stepped back and prayed my own prayer. We are laborers who fetch water on camels." Upon hearing this, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) turned to Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: "O Mu'adh! Are you a cause of tribulation? Are you a cause of tribulation? Recite this, this, meaning the short surahs."
Hadith 8
حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، مِثْلَهُ , وَزَادَ : إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَهُ : " اقْرَأْ بِ سَبِّحِ اسْمَ رَبِّكَ الأَعْلَى , وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا يَغْشَى , وَالسَّمَاءِ وَالطَّارِقِ وَنَحْوِهَا " . قَالَ سُفْيَانُ : فَقُلْتُ لِعَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ : إِنَّ أَبَا الزُّبَيْرِ يَقُولُ : قَالَ لَهُ : " اقْرَأْ بِسَبِّحِ اسْمَ رَبِّكَ الأَعْلَى , وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا يَغْشَى , وَالسَّمَاءِ وَالطَّارِقِ " . فَقَالَ عَمْرٌو : هُوَ هَذَا , أَوْ نَحْوُ هَذَا .
Abu Zubair (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) as in the previous narration, with the addition that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Recite Surah Al-A'la, Surah Al-Lail, Surah At-Tariq, and other similar short surahs. The narrator says that he (the Prophet) instructed to recite these or other such short surahs.
Hadith 9
وَأَنْبَأَنَا وَأَنْبَأَنَا عَبْدُ الْمَجِيدِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ أَبِي رَوَّادٍ ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ ، قَالَ : أَخْبَرَنِي جَابِرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الأَنْصَارِيُّ ، قَالَ : كَانَ مُعَاذُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ " يُصَلِّي مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْعِشَاءَ , ثُمَّ يَنْطَلِقُ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ , فَيُصَلِّيهَا لَهُمْ , هِيَ لَهُ تَطَوُّعٌ , وَهِيَ لَهُمُ الْمَكْتُوبَةُ الْعِشَاءُ " .
Jabir bin Abdullah Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) would perform the Isha prayer with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), then go and lead his people in the Isha prayer, which would be a voluntary prayer for him and an obligatory one for the people.
Hadith 10
أَنْبَأَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَجِيدِ الثَّقَفِيُّ ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ السَّخْتِيَانِيِّ ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلابَةَ ، قَالَ : جَاءَنَا مَالِكُ بْنُ الْحُوَيْرِثِ , فَصَلَّى فِي مَسْجِدِنَا , وَقَالَ : وَاللَّهِ , إِنِّي لأُصَلِّي وَمَا أُرِيدُ الصَّلاةَ , وَلَكِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُرِيَكُمْ كَيْفَ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُصَلِّي , فَذَكَرَ أَنَّهُ يَقُومُ مِنَ الرَّكْعَةِ الأُولَى إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَنْهَضَ , قَالَ : قُلْتُ : كَيْفَ صَلَّى ؟ قَالَ : مِثْلَ صَلاتِي هَكَذَا " .
Abu Qilabah (may Allah have mercy on him) says: Malik bin Huwairith (may Allah be pleased with him) came to us, prayed in our mosque, and said: By Allah, I will lead you in prayer, and my intention is not for prayer, but I want to show you the way of prayer in which I saw the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) praying. Then he mentioned the manner of standing after the first rak'ah. The narrator says: I asked, "How did you pray?" He replied, "Like this prayer of mine."
Hadith 11
وَأَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ ، عَنْ خَالِدٍ الْحَذَّاءِ ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلابَةَ ، مِثْلَهُ , غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : فَكَانَ مَالِكٌ إِذَا رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ مِنَ السَّجْدَةِ الآخِرَةِ فِي الرَّكْعَةِ الأُولَى فَاسْتَوَى قَاعِدًا قَامَ وَاعْتَمَدَ عَلَى الأَرْضِ .
In the narration of Khalid al-Hadha’ (may Allah have mercy on him), there is this addition: When Sayyiduna Malik bin Huwairith (may Allah be pleased with him) would raise his head from the second prostration of the first rak‘ah, he would sit straight, and while standing up, he would place his hands on the ground, not stand up by holding his knees.
Hadith 12
أَنْبَأَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ زَيْدِ بْنِ جُدْعَانَ ، عَنْ أَبِي نَضْرَةَ ، قَالَ : مَرَّ عِمْرَانُ بْنُ حُصَيْنٍ بِمَجْلِسِنَا , فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ فَتًى مِنَ الْقَوْمِ , فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ صَلاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الْغَزْوِ وَالْحَجِّ وَالْعُمْرَةِ , فَجَاءَ فَوَقَفَ عَلَيْنَا , فَقَالَ : إِنَّ هَذَا سَأَلَنِي عَنْ أَمْرٍ , فَأَرَدْتُ أَنْ تَسْمَعُوهُ , أَوْ كَمَا قَالَ : غَزَوْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ , فَلَمْ يُصَلِّ إِلا رَكْعَتَيْنِ حَتَّى رَجَعَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ , وَحَجَجْتُ مَعَهُ , فَلَمْ يُصَلِّ إِلا رَكْعَتَيْنِ حَتَّى رَجَعَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ , وَشَهِدْتُ مَعَهُ الْفَتْحَ , فَأَقَامَ بِمَكَّةَ ثَمَانِ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً , لا يُصَلِّي إِلا رَكْعَتَيْنِ , ثُمَّ يَقُولُ لأَهْلِ الْبَلَدِ : " صَلُّوا أَرْبَعًا , فَإِنَّا سَفْرٌ " , وَاعْتَمَرْتُ مَعَهُ ثَلاثَ عُمَرٍ لا يُصَلِّي إِلا رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَحَجَجْتُ مَعَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ , وَغَزَوْتُ , فَلَمْ يُصَلِّ إِلا رَكْعَتَيْنِ حَتَّى رَجَعَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ , وَحَجَجْتُ مَعَ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ حَجَّاتٍ , فَلَمْ يُصَلِّ إِلا رَكْعَتَيْنِ حَتَّى رَجَعَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ , وَحَجَّ عُثْمَانُ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ مِنْ إِمَارَتِهِ لا يُصَلِّي إِلا رَكْعَتَيْنِ , ثُمَّ صَلاهَا بِمِنًى أَرْبَعًا .
Abu Nasrah (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates that Sayyiduna Imran bin Husain (may Allah be pleased with him) passed by our gathering, and a young man from the people stood up and asked him about the prayer of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him): how many rak‘ahs did he pray during battles, Hajj, and ‘Umrah? Sayyiduna Imran bin Husain (may Allah be pleased with him) came and stood among us and said, “This young man has asked an important question. I want you all to hear the answer,” or he said something similar. He said: “I performed jihad with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and he used to pray two rak‘ahs during battles until we returned to Madinah. I also performed Hajj with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and he would pray only two rak‘ahs until we returned to Madinah. I was also present at the conquest of Makkah; the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) stayed in Makkah for eighteen nights, and during that time he prayed only two rak‘ahs. Then he would tell the people of Makkah, ‘You should pray four rak‘ahs in full; we are travelers.’ Sayyiduna Imran (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I performed ‘Umrah and Hajj with Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) and also participated in battles with him; Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) also prayed only two rak‘ahs until we returned to Madinah. I performed several Hajj with Sayyiduna ‘Umar al-Faruq (may Allah be pleased with him); he too prayed only two rak‘ahs until we returned to Madinah. Sayyiduna ‘Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) performed Hajj for seven years during his caliphate; he also prayed only two rak‘ahs, then in Mina he prayed four rak‘ahs.”
Hadith 13
وَأَنْبَأَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَجِيدِ الثَّقَفِيُّ ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ السَّخْتِيَانِيِّ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِيرِينَ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، " أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يُسَافَرُ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ إِلَى مَكَّةَ آمِنًا لا يَخَافُ إِلا اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ , يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ " .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would travel from Madinah to Makkah in a state of security, fearing none except Allah, yet he would still shorten the prayer to two rak‘ahs.
Hadith 14
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَجِيدِ الثَّقَفِيُّ ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلابَةَ ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ، " أَنّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ صَلَّى الظُّهْرَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ أَرْبَعًا , وَصَلَّى الْعَصْرَ بِذِي الْحُلَيْفَةِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ " , قَالَ : وَأَحْسَبُهُ قَالَ : بَاتَ بِهَا حَتَّى أَصْبَحَ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, led a four-unit prayer in Madinah, then began his journey from Madinah and performed two units of the Asr prayer at the place of Dhu’l-Hulayfah. The narrator says: I think Sayyiduna Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, also said that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, spent the night at the place of Dhu’l-Hulayfah until morning came.
Hadith 15
أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْمَجِيدِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ أَبِي رَوَّادٍ ، وَمُسْلِمُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ , وَغَيْرُهُمَا قَالُوا : أَنْبَأَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ أَبِي عَمَّارٍ ، يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بَابَاهْ ، عَنْ يَعْلَى بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ ، قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِعُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ : إِنَّمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ : أَنْ تَقْصُرُوا مِنَ الصَّلاةِ إِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَنْ يَفْتِنَكُمُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا سورة النساء آية 101 وَقَدْ أَمِنَ النَّاسُ ! فَقَالَ عُمَرُ : عَجِبْتُ مِمَّا عَجِبْتَ مِنْهُ , فَسَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ , فَقَالَ : " صَدَقَةٌ تَصَدَّقَ اللَّهُ بِهَا عَلَيْكُمْ , فَاقْبَلُوا صَدَقَتَهُ " .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ya'la bin Umayyah (may Allah be pleased with him) who says: I asked Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him), "Allah Almighty has said: 'When you travel in the land, there is no sin on you if you shorten the prayer, if you fear that the disbelievers may harm you.' (Surah An-Nisa, verse number: 101) Now people are in peace, there is no fear of any enemy, so why do we still shorten the prayer?" Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) replied: "I was also surprised at the same thing at which you are surprised. I asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) the same question, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Shortening the prayer is a charity from Allah to you, so accept Allah's charity.'"
Hadith 16
أَنْبَأَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ ، قَالَ : أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ عَجْلانَ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا عِيَاضُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي سَرْحٍ ، قَالَ : رَأَيْتُ أَبَا سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيَّ جَاءَ , وَمَرْوَانُ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ يَخْطُبُ , فَقَامَ يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ , فَجَاءَ إِلَيْهِ الْحَرَسُ لِيُجْلِسُوهُ , فَأَبَى أَنْ يَجْلِسَ حَتَّى صَلَّى الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ , فَلَمَّا قَضَيْنَا الصَّلاةَ أَتَيْنَاهُ , فَقُلْنَا لَهُ : يَا أَبَا سَعِيدٍ , كَادَ هَؤُلاءِ أَنْ يَقَعُوا بِكَ , فَقَالَ : مَا كُنْتُ لأَدَعَهُمَا لِشَيْءٍ بَعْدَ شَيْءٍ رَأَيْتُهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ , رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ وَهُوَ يَخْطُبُ , فَدَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ بِهَيْئَةٍ بَذَّةٍ , فَقَالَ : " أَصَلَّيْتَ ؟ " قَالَ : لا , قَالَ : " فَصَلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ " , قَالَ : ثُمَّ حَثَّ النَّاسَ عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ , فَأَلْقَوْا ثِيَابًا , فَأَعْطَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الرَّجُلَ فِيهَا ثَوْبَيْنِ , فَلَمَّا كَانَتِ الْجُمُعَةُ الأُخْرَى جَاءَ الرَّجُلُ وَالنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَخْطُبُ , فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " أَصَلَّيْتَ ؟ " قَالَ : لا , قَالَ : " فَصَلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ " , قَالَ : ثُمَّ حَثَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ النَّاسَ عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ , فَطَرَحَ أَحَدَ ثَوْبَيْهِ , فَصَاحَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَالَ : " خُذْهُ " , فَأَخَذَهُ , ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " انْظُرُوا إِلَى هَذَا ! جَاءَ تِلْكَ الْجُمُعَةَ بِهَيْئَةٍ بَذَّةٍ , فَأَمَرْتُ النَّاسَ بِالصَّدَقَةِ , فَطَرَحُوا ثِيَابًا , فَأَعْطَيْتُهُ مِنْهَا ثَوْبَيْنِ , فَلَمَّا جَاءَتْ هَذِهِ الْجُمُعَةُ أَمَرْتُ النَّاسَ بِالصَّدَقَةِ , فَجَاءَ فَأَلْقَى أَحَدَ ثَوْبَيْهِ " .
Iyad bin Abdullah bin Abi Sarh (may Allah have mercy on him) says: I saw Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id Al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) come to the mosque on Friday. Marwan bin Al-Hakam (may Allah have mercy on him) was delivering the sermon. Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up to pray two rak'ahs. The guard came to make him sit down, saying, "Listen to the governor's sermon," but Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id Al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) refused to sit and completed the two rak'ahs. When the Friday prayer was over, we came to Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id Al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him). We said, "O Abu Sa'id (may Allah be pleased with you), these people were about to use force against you." Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id (may Allah be pleased with him) said, "I was not going to leave these two rak'ahs under any circumstances, as I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). A man in a disheveled state came to the mosque while the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was delivering the sermon. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) asked that man, 'Have you prayed two rak'ahs of Tahiyyat al-Masjid?' He said, 'No.' The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered him to pray two rak'ahs and then sit down. Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id (may Allah be pleased with him) says: Even then, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) encouraged the people to give charity. People gave clothes in charity. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave that man two garments from that charity. The next Friday, the same man came while the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was delivering the sermon. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) again asked him, 'Have you prayed two rak'ahs?' He said, 'No.' The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, 'Pray two rak'ahs.' Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) began to encourage charity in the sermon, so that same man was the first to throw one of his garments, meaning he threw a sheet to give in charity. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) saw this and said sternly, 'Take your sheet back.' So he took it back. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, 'Look at this man. Last Friday, he came in a disheveled state. I told the people to give charity, and people gave clothes in charity, from which I gave him two garments. And today, when charity was encouraged, he threw one of his sheets back into charity.'"
Hadith 17
وَأَنْبَأَنَا عَبْدُ الْمَجِيدِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ أَبِي رَوَّادٍ ، قَالَ : أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ ، قَالَ : أَخْبَرَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ دِينَارٍ ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، يَقُولُ : جَاءَ رَجُلٌ وَالنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ يَخْطُبُ , فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " أَرَكَعْتَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ ؟ " قَالَ : لا , قَالَ : " فَارْكَعْ " .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was delivering the sermon on the pulpit on Friday when a man came. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) asked him: "Have you prayed two rak'ahs?" The man replied, "No." He said: "Pray."
Hadith 18
أَنْبَأَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، قَالَ : دَخَلَ رَجُلٌ الْمَسْجِدَ وَالنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَائِمٌ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ يَخْطُبُ , فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " أَصَلَّيْتَ ؟ " قَالَ : لا , قَالَ : " فَصَلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ " .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) that a man entered the mosque while the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was standing on the pulpit delivering the Friday sermon. (The man was about to sit down.) The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "Have you prayed?" He replied: "No." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Pray two rak‘ahs."
Hadith 19
وَأَنْبَأَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِثْلَهُ , وَزَادَ أَبُو الزُّبَيْرِ : هُوَ سُلَيْكٌ الْغَطَفَانِيُّ .
In the narration of Abu Az-Zubair, there is this addition after the hadith of Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) that the name of the companion who came was Sulaik Ghatafani (may Allah be pleased with him).
Hadith 20
عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي سُلَيْمَانَ ، وَابْنُ عَجْلانَ , عَنْ عَامِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سُلَيْمٍ الزُّرَقِيِّ ، سَمِعَ أَبَا قَتَادَةَ ، يَقُولُ : رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَؤُمُّ النَّاسَ وَأُمَامَةُ ابْنَةُ أَبِي الْعَاصِ وَهِيَ بِنْتُ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى عَاتِقِهِ , فَإِذَا رَكَعَ وَضَعَهَا , وَإِذَا فَرَغَ مِنَ السُّجُودِ أَعَادَهَا .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) that I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) leading the people in prayer, and (his granddaughter) Sayyidah Umamah bint Abi Al-As (may Allah be pleased with her), who was the daughter of Sayyidah Zainab (may Allah be pleased with her), the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), was riding on his shoulder. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would bow (for ruku‘), he would put her down on the ground, and when he rose from prostration, he would pick her up again.
Hadith 21
وَأَنْبَأَنَا مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ ، عَنْ عَامِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سُلَيْمٍ الزُّرَقِيِّ ، عَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ الأَنْصَارِيِّ ، " أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يُصَلِّي وَهُوَ حَامِلٌ أُمَامَةَ ابْنَةَ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهِيَ لأَبِي الْعَاصِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ شَمْسٍ , فَإِذَا سَجَدَ وَضَعَهَا , وَإِذَا قَامَ حَمَلَهَا " .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) performed prayer while carrying Sayyida Umamah bint Zaynab bint Rasulullah (peace and blessings be upon him), who was the daughter of Sayyiduna Abu al-As ibn Rabi' ibn Abd Shams (may Allah be pleased with him). When he (peace and blessings be upon him) would go into prostration, he would put her down, and when he stood up, he would pick her up again.
