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Bayhaqi Q1 — Purification with sea water

قَالَ اللهُ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ: {وَأَنْزَلْنَا مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً طَهُورًا} [الفرقان: ٤٨] وَقَالَ: {فَلَمْ تَجِدُوا مَاءً فَتَيَمَّمُوا صَعِيدًا} [النساء: ٤٣] طَيِّبًا.
قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: ظَاهِرُ الْقُرْآنِ يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّ كُلَّ مَاءٍ طَاهِرٌ مَاءَ بَحْرٍ وَغَيْرَهُ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ فِيهِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَدِيثٌ يُوَافِقُ ظَاهِرَ الْقُرْآنِ، فِي إِسْنَادِهِ مَنْ لَا أَعْرِفُهُ، ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ الَّذِي ..
Allah, exalted be His praise, says: "And We sent down from the sky pure (purifying) water." [Surah al-Furqan: 48]
And He said: "Then if you do not find water, perform tayammum with clean earth." [Surah al-Nisa: 43]
Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Idris al-Shafi'i (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "The apparent meaning of the Qur'an indicates that all water is pure, whether it is sea water or other than it, and a hadith has been narrated from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) on this matter which agrees with the apparent meaning of the Qur'an; (however,) in its chain there is a narrator whom I do not know." Then he mentioned the hadith that follows.
Hadith Reference السنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الطهارة / Q1