سنن الدارقطني
Daraqutni
كتاب البيوعIssues and Rulings of Buying and Selling
بَابُ الْجَعَالَةِ
Chapter on reward-based contracts (Ju'alah)
Hadith 3074
ثنا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْبَزَّازُ ، نَا بِشْرُ بْنُ مَطَرٍ ، نَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ ، عَنِ الأَعْرَجِ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : يَعْنِي النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " لا يَبِيعُ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ ، وَلا تَنَاجَشُوا ، وَلا تَلَقَّوْا الرُّكْبَانَ لِلْبَيْعِ ، وَلا تُصَرُّوا الإِبِلَ وَالْغَنَمَ لِلْبَيْعِ ، فَمَنِ ابْتَاعَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْئًا فَهُوَ بِخَيْرِ النَّظَرَيْنِ ، إِنْ شَاءَ أَمْسَكَهَا ، وَإِنْ شَاءَ أَنْ يَرُدُّهَا وَصَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ لا سَمْرَاءَ " .
Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates this statement of the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "A townsman should not sell for a villager, do not artificially raise bids, do not meet (caravans of grain) on the way before they reach the market, do not sell a she-camel or goat by tying up its udders. Whoever buys it will have the choice of two things: if he wishes to keep it, he may keep it, and if he wishes to return it, he may return it along with one sa’ of dates, not wheat."
Hadith 3075
ثنا أَبُو طَالِبٍ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْجَهْمِ ، نَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ زَيْدٍ الْفَرَائِضِيُّ ، نَا الْحُنَيْنِيُّ إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، نَا كَثِيرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " لا جَلَبَ وَلا جَنَبَ وَلا اعْتِرَاضَ ، وَلا يَبِيعُ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ ، وَلا تُصَرُّوا الإِبِلَ وَالْغَنَمَ ، فَمَنِ ابْتَاعَهَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَهُوَ إِذَا حَلَبَهَا بِخَيْرِ النَّظَرَيْنِ ، إِنْ رَضِيَهَا أَمْسَكَهَا ، وَإِنْ سَخِطَ رَدَّهَا وَصَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ " ، تَابَعَهُ عَاصِمُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ سَالِمٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ فِي الْمُصَرَّاةِ . حَدَّثَ عَنْهُ دَاوُدُ بْنُ عِيسَى وَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عُمَارَةَ عَنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَقَالَ أَبُو شَيْبَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ، وَقَالَ شُعْبَةُ : عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.
Kathir bin Abdullah narrates from his father, from his grandfather: The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said: "There is no validity in jalaab, janb, or i'tiraad. A townsman should not sell on behalf of a villager. Do not tie the teats of a she-camel or a goat (to accumulate milk). Whoever buys an animal whose teats have been tied and then milks it, he has two options: if he wishes, he may keep it, and if he wishes, he may return it along with a sa’ (measure) of dates." Asim bin Ubaidullah has also narrated this regarding musarrat from Salim, from Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), and Dawood bin Isa has narrated this from him. Hasan bin Ammarah has narrated from Hakam, from Ibn Abi Layla, from Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), from the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). Abu Shaybah has narrated it from Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). Shu’bah has narrated it from a companion (whose name is not mentioned).
Hadith 3076
ثنا أَبُو طَالِبٍ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْجَهْمِ الْكَاتِبُ ، نَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ ، نَا عُمَرُ بْنُ يُونُسَ ، نَا أَبِي ، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ، قَالَ : " نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ الْمُحَاقَلَةَ ، الْمُحَاضَرَةِ ، وَالْمُلامَسَةِ ، وَالْمُنَابَذَةِ ، وَالْمُزَابَنَةِ " ، قَالَ عُمَرُ : فَسَّرَهُ أَبِي : الْمُحَاضَرَةُ لا يَشْتَرِي شَيْئًا مِنَ الْحَرْثِ وَالنَّخْلِ حَتَّى يَوْنِعَ يَحْمَرَّ أَوْ يَصْفَرَّ ، وَأَمَّا الْمُنَابَذَةُ فَيَرْمِي بِالثَّوْبِ وَيَرْمِي إِلَيْكُمْ مِثْلَهُ ، فَيَقُولُ : " هَذَا لَكَ بِهَذَا " ، وَالْمُلامَسَةُ يَشْتَرِي الْمَبِيعَ فَيَلْمَسَهُ لا يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِ ، وَالْمُحَاقَلَةُ كِرَاءُ الأَرْضِ.
Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade muhaqala, mukhadara, mulamasa, munabadhah, and muzabana. The narrator named Umar bin Yunus stated: My father explained it as follows: Mukhadara means that the buyer will not purchase a field or a date orchard until the produce turns red or yellow (i.e., until the crop ripens). Munabadhah means that the buyer will throw a cloth towards the seller and the seller will throw a cloth towards the buyer and say: This is yours in exchange for that. Mulamasa is when the buyer purchases goods even though he has not seen the goods. Muhaqala means renting out land.
Hadith 3077
ثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ ، نَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَرَّاقٌ الْحُمَيْدِيُّ ، نَا الْحُمَيْدِيُّ ، نَا فَرَجُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ، نَا عَمِّي ثَابِتُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ سَعِيدٍ ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ أَبْيَضَ بْنِ حَمَّالٍ ، أَنَّهُ اسْتَقْطَعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْمِلْحَ الَّذِي يُقَالُ لَهُ : مِلْحُ شَذَّا بِمَأْرِبَ فَقَطَعَهُ لَهُ ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ الأَقْرَعَ بْنَ حَابِسٍ التَّمِيمِيَّ ، قَالَ : يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ ، " إِنِّي قَدْ وَرَدَتْ عَلَى الْمِلْحِ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ وَهِيَ بِأَرْضٍ لَيْسَ فِيهَا مِلْحٌ ، وَمَنْ وَرَدَهُ أَخَذَهُ وَهُوَ مثل الْمَاءِ الْعِدِّ ، فَاسْتَقَالَ أَبْيَضُ فِي قَطِيعَةِ الْمِلْحِ ، فَقَالَ أَبْيَضُ : قَدْ أَقَلْتُكَ عَلَى أَنْ تَجْعَلَهُ مِنِّي صَدَقَةً ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : هُوَ مِنْكَ صَدَقَةٌ ، وَهَذَا مثل الْمَاءِ الْعِدِّ مَنْ وَرَدَهُ أَخَذَهُ ، قَالَ : فَقَطَعَ لَهُ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَرْضًا وَنَخِيلا بِالْجُرُفِ ، جُرُفِ مُرَادٍ مَكَانَهُ حِينَ أَقَالَهُ فِيهِ " ، قَالَ فَرَجٌ : فَهُوَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ مَنْ وَرَدَهُ أَخَذَهُ.
Thabit bin Sa'id, narrating from his father, who narrates from his grandfather Sayyiduna Abyad bin Hamal (may Allah be pleased with him), reports: He requested from the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) a piece of land called Milh Shadha, which was in Ma'rib. The Prophet (peace be upon him) granted him that piece of land. Then Aqra' bin Habis al-Tamimi said: "O Messenger of Allah! I went to the place called Milh in the days of ignorance. It is a place where there is salt, and whoever reaches there can obtain it. Its example is like flowing water whose flow does not end." Then Aqra' requested Abyad to cancel the grant of the land of Milh, so Sayyiduna Abyad said: "I will cancel it with you on the condition that you use it as charity on my behalf." So the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "This is charity from you, and its example is like water flowing from a spring; whoever reaches it may use it." The narrator states: The Prophet (peace be upon him) also granted him some land and a date-palm garden at the place of Juruf. What is meant is Juruf. This grant was given by the Prophet (peace be upon him) when he had agreed to the cancellation. The narrator named Faraj bin Sa'id stated: Its case was also the same; whoever reached it could obtain it.
Hadith 3078
ثنا دَعْلَجُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ ، نَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ زَيْدٍ ، نَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ ، نَا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ ، عَنِ الأَوْزَاعِيِّ ، عَنْ وَاصِلِ بْنِ أَبِي جَمِيلٍ ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ ، " أَنَّ نَفَرًا اشْتَرَكُوا فِي زَرْعٍ ، مِنْ أَحَدِهِمُ الأَرْضُ ، وَمِنَ الآخَرِ الْفَدَّانُ ، وَمِنَ الآخَرِ الْعَمَلُ ، وَمِنَ الآخَرِ الْبَذْرُ ، فَلَمَّا طَلَعَ الزَّرْعُ ارْتَفَعُوا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَأَلْغَى الأَرْضَ وَجَعَلَ لِصَاحِبِ الْفَدَّانِ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ دِرْهَمًا ، وَأَعْطَى الْعَامِلَ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ أَجْرًا ، وَجَعَلَ الْغَلَّةَ كُلَّهَا لِصَاحِبِ الْبَذْرِ " ، قَالَ : فَحَدَّثْتُ بِهِ مَكْحُولا ، فَقَالَ : مَا يَسُرُّنِي بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ وَصِيفٌ ، هَذَا مُرْسَلٌ وَلا يَصِحُّ ، وَوَاصِلٌ هَذَا ضَعِيفٌ.
Mujahid narrates: Some people agreed to work together on a piece of agricultural land; one of them owned the land, another was to provide the farming tools, a third was to work in the field, and the fourth was to provide the seeds. When the produce was ready, these people brought their case to the Prophet. He declared the ownership of the land as insignificant (i.e., he would not receive any compensation), ordered that the one who provided the farming tools be paid one dirham per day, fixed a wage for the one who worked in the field, and declared the one who provided the seeds as the owner of all the produce. The narrator states: I related this hadith to Mak’hool, and he said: Even if I were given a slave boy in exchange for this hadith, I would not be pleased. This hadith is mursal and authentic, but the narrator of this report, Wasel, is weak.
Hadith 3079
ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّفَّارُ ، نَا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ ، نَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ، حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الدَّرَاوَرْدِيُّ ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ يَحْيَى الْمَازِنِيِّ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : " لا ضَرَرَ وَلا ضِرَارَ ، مَنْ ضَارَّ ضَرَّهُ اللَّهُ ، وَمَنْ شَاقَّ شَقَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ " .
Sayyiduna Abu Sa‘id Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “(In Islam) there is to be neither harming nor reciprocating harm. Whoever tries to cause harm, Allah will afflict him with harm, and whoever tries to cause hardship, Allah will afflict him with hardship.”
Hadith 3080
ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي الثَّلْجِ ، نَا أَبُو بَدْرٍ عَبَّادُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ ، حَدَّثَنِي عَبَّادُ بْنُ لَيْثٍ صَاحِبُ الْكَرَابِيسِ ، وَنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الدَّقَّاقُ ، نَا أَبُو خَالِدٍ عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُعَاوِيَةَ الْقُرَشِيُّ ، نَا عَبَّادُ بْنُ لَيْثٍ صَاحِبُ الْكَرَابِيسِ ، نَا عَبْدُ الْمَجِيدِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ أَبُو وَهْبٍ ، قَالَ : قَالَ لِي الْعَدَّاءُ بْنُ خَالِدِ بْنِ هَوْذَةَ : " أَلا أُقْرِئُكَ كِتَابًا كَتَبَهُ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : هَذَا مَا اشْتَرَى الْعَدَّاءُ بْنُ خَالِدِ بْنِ هَوْذَةَ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَبْدًا أَوْ أَمَةً ، لا دَاءَ وَلا غَائِلَةَ ، وَلا خِبْثَةَ ، بَيْعَ الْمُسْلِمِ لِلْمُسْلِمِ " ، وَقَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي الثَّلْجِ : فَأَخْرَجَ لِي كِتَابًا : " هَذَا مَا اشْتَرَى الْعَدَّاءُ بْنُ خَالِدِ بْنِ هَوْذَةَ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ اشْتَرَى مِنْهُ عَبْدًا أَوْ أُمَّةً " ، شَكَّ عَبَّادُ بْنُ لَيْثٍ " لا دَاءَ بِهِ ، وَلا خِبْثَةَ ، وَلا غَائِلَةَ بَيْعَ الْمُسْلِمِ لِلْمُسْلِمِ ".
Abu Wahb narrates: Sayyiduna 'Ada bin Khalid said to me: Shall I read to you the document which the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) wrote for me? (Its words are:) "This (document is about) 'Ada bin Khalid bought a slave (the narrator is in doubt, perhaps a slave-girl) from Allah's Messenger Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), in whom there is no defect, no deception, no fault; this is a transaction of a Muslim with another Muslim." In another narration, these words are: Then he brought out this document before me: "This (document is about) 'Ada bin Khalid bought a slave (the narrator is in doubt, perhaps a slave-girl) from Allah's Messenger Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) (here the narrator named 'Abad is in doubt), in whom there is no defect, no deception, no fault; this is a transaction of a Muslim with another Muslim."
Hadith 3081
ثنا أَبُو سَهْلِ بْنُ زِيَادٍ ، نَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ غَالِبٍ ، نَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُقْبَةَ السَّدُوسِيُّ ، نَا يُونُسُ بْنُ أَرْقَمَ أَبُو أَرْقَمَ الْكِنْدِيُّ ، نَا أَبُو الْجَارُودِ ، عَنْ حَبِيبِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، قَالَ : كَانَ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ " إِذَا دَفَعَ مَالا مُضَارَبَةً اشْتَرَطَ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ ، أَنْ لا يَسْلُكَ بِهِ بَحْرًا ، وَلا يَنْزِلَ بِهِ وَادِيًا ، وَلا يَشْتَرِيَ بِهِ ذَا كَبِدٍ رَطْبَةٍ ، فَإِنْ فَعَلَهُ فَهُوَ ضَامِنٌ ، فَرَفَعَ شَرْطَهُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَجَازَهُ " ، أَبُو الْجَارُودِ ، ضَعِيفٌ.
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: When Sayyiduna Abbas bin Abdul Muttalib (may Allah be pleased with him) would give his wealth to someone as mudarabah (profit-sharing partnership), he would stipulate the condition that the person should not travel by sea with that wealth, should not camp with it in any (valley (i.e., barren) place, should not purchase any living creature with it, and if he did so, he would be liable (to pay compensation) for it. Then he mentioned this condition before the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he approved it.
Hadith 3082
ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ بَحْرٍ الْعَطَّارُ ، بِالْبَصْرَةِ ، نَا عَبْدَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الصَّفَّارُ ، نَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ ، نَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ الْوَصَّافِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنِي عَطِيَّةُ ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ ، قَالَ : " شَهِدْتُ جِنَازَةً فِيهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَلَمَّا وُضِعَتْ سَأَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، أَعَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ ؟ ، قَالُوا : نَعَمْ ، فَعَدَلَ عَنْهَا ، وَقَالَ : صَلُّوا عَلَى صَاحِبِكُمْ ، فَلَمَّا رَآهُ عَلِيُّ تَقَفَّى ، قَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، بَرِئَ مِنْ دِينِهِ وَأَنَا ضَامِنٌ لِمَا عَلَيْهِ ، فَأَقْبَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ ، فَقَالَ : يَا عَلِيٌّ ، جَزَاكَ اللَّهُ خَيْرًا ، فَكَّ اللَّهُ رِهَانَكَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ كَمَا فَكَكْتَ رِهَانَ أَخِيكَ الْمُسْلِمَ ، لَيْسَ مِنْ عَبْدٍ يَقْضِي عَنْ أَخِيهِ دَيْنَهُ ، إِلا فَكَّ اللَّهُ رِهَانَهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ " ، فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ ، فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، لِعَلِيٍّ خَاصَّةً ؟ ، قَالَ : لِعَامَّةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ " .
Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: I attended a funeral prayer in which the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) was also present. When the deceased was placed, the Prophet (peace be upon him) inquired: "Does he have any debt?" The people replied: "Yes!" So the Prophet (peace be upon him) began to move away and said: "You people perform the funeral prayer of your companion." When Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) saw the Prophet (peace be upon him) returning, he said: "O Messenger of Allah! This person is free from his debt; whatever payment is due upon him, I am its guarantor." So the Prophet (peace be upon him) returned and performed the funeral prayer for that person. When he finished the prayer, he said: "O Ali! May Allah reward you with goodness. Just as you have taken the responsibility of your Muslim brother's payment, in the same way, may Allah take responsibility for your payments on the Day of Resurrection. Whoever pays off his brother's debt, Allah will be responsible for his payments on the Day of Resurrection." An Ansari man stood up and asked: "O Messenger of Allah! Is this ruling specific to Ali?" The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "No, rather it is general for all Muslims."
Hadith 3083
ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الشَّافِعِيُّ ، نَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ كَزَالٍ ، نَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ الطَّوِيلُ ، نَا زَافِرٌ . ح وَنا عَبْدُ الصَّمَدِ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ، نَا أَبُو حَامِدٍ النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَالِمٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ ، نَا زَافِرُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْوَصَّافِيِّ ، عَنْ عَطِيَّةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ ، قَالَ : " شَهِدَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ جِنَازَةً فَلَمَّا وُضِعَتْ قِيلَ : عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ ، فَتَنَحَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ : يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ ، أَنَا ضَامِنٌ لِدَيْنِهِ ، قَالَ : فَكَّ اللَّهُ عَنْكَ يَا عَلِيٌّ ، رِهَانَكَ كَمَا فَكَكْتَ عَنْ أَخِيكَ الْمُسْلِمِ رِهَانَهُ ، قَالُوا : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، لِعَلِيٍّ خَاصَّةً أَمْ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَامَّةً ؟ ، قَالَ : لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَامَّةً " .
Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) attended a funeral. When it was placed down, it was said: He has a debt upon him. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) stepped back, so Sayyiduna Ali said: "O Messenger of Allah! I will guarantee it, in paying the debt." So the Prophet said: "O Ali! May Allah fulfill your needs just as you have fulfilled the need of your fellow Muslim brother." The people asked: "O Messenger of Allah! Is this ruling specific to Sayyiduna Ali or is it general for all the believers?" The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "It is general for all the believers."
Hadith 3084
ثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ الشَّافِعِيُّ ، نَا بِشْرُ بْنُ مُوسَى ، نَا زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ عَدِيٍّ ، نَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَقِيلٍ ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ ، قَالَ : " مَاتَ رَجُلٌ فَغَسَّلْنَاهُ وَكَفَّنَّاهُ وَحَنَّطْنَاهُ وَوَضَعْنَاهُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، حَيْثُ يُوضَعُ الْجَنَائِزُ عِنْدَ مَقَامِ جِبْرِيلَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ ، ثُمَّ آذَنَّا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الصَّلاةِ عَلَيْهِ فَجَاءَ مَعَنَا ، ثُمَّ خَطَّى ، ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ لِعَلِيٍّ : عَلَى صَاحِبِكُمْ دَيْنًا ؟ ، قَالُوا : نَعَمْ ، دِينَارَانِ ، فَتَخَلَّفَ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، هُمَا عَلَيَّ ، فَجَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ : هُمَا عَلَيْكَ وَفِي مَالِكَ ، وَحَقُّ الرَّجُلِ عَلَيْكَ ، وَالْمَيِّتُ مِنْهُمَا بَرِيءٌ ، فَقَالَ : نَعَمْ ، فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ فَجَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا لَقِيَ أَبَا قَتَادَةَ ، يَقُولُ : مَا صَنَعْتَ فِي الدِّينَارَيْنِ ؟ ، حَتَّى كَانَ آخِرُ ذَلِكَ ، قَالَ : قَدْ قَضَيْتُهُمَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، قَالَ : الآنَ حِينَ بَرَّدْتَ عَلَيْهِ جِلْدَهُ " .
Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: A man passed away, so we gave him ghusl (ritual washing), shrouded him, applied fragrance to him, and placed him near the spot of Jibreel (peace be upon him), where the funeral processions were kept. Then we informed the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) about it, so that he would lead his funeral prayer. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) walked with us for a few steps, then he said: "Perhaps your companion is in debt?" The people replied: "Yes, he owed two dinars." So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) turned back. One of us, whose name was Abu Qatadah, said to him: "O Messenger of Allah! The payment of those two (dinars) is upon me." So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The payment of both is upon you and from your wealth, and the right of the (creditor) is upon you, this deceased is free from both." So Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah said: "Yes." Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) led the funeral prayer for that person. After that, whenever the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) met Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah, he would ask him: "What did you do about those two dinars?" Eventually, when Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah informed him: "O Messenger of Allah! I have paid both of them," the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Now this person has found relief."
Hadith 3085
ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ السُّيُوطِيُّ ، نَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَعِيدِ بْنِ غَالِبٍ ، نَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ ، أنا يَزِيدُ بْنُ عِيَاضٍ ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ سُلَيْمٍ ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : " مَا عُبِدَ اللَّهُ بِشَيْءٍ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ فِقْهٍ فِي دَيْنٍ ، وَلَفَقِيهٌ أَشَدُّ عَلَى الشَّيْطَانِ مِنْ أَلْفِ عَابِدٍ ، وَلِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عِمَادٌ ، وَعِمَادُ هَذَا الدِّينِ الْفِقْهُ ، فَقَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ : لأَنْ أَجْلِسَ سَاعَةً فَأَفْقَهَ ، أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أُحْيِيَ لَيْلَةً إِلَى الْغَدَاةِ " .
Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates this statement of the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "Among the deeds done in servitude to Allah Almighty, the most virtuous is to gain understanding in religion. A jurist is more severe (a cause of distress) for Satan than a thousand worshippers. Everything has a pillar, and the pillar of this religion is jurisprudence (fiqh)." Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) says: "For me, to sit for an hour and acquire knowledge of religion is more beloved than spending the whole night performing voluntary prayers."
Hadith 3086
ثنا يُوسُفُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ بُهْلُولٍ ، نَا جَدِّي ، نَا الْهَيْثَمُ بْنُ مُوسَى ، عَنِ ابْنِ التُّرْجُمَانِ ، عَنْ إِسْرَائِيلَ ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ ، عَنِ الْحَارِثِ ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " الأَنْبِيَاءُ قَادَةٌ ، وَالْعُلَمَاءُ سَادَةٌ ، وَمَجَالِسُهُمْ زِيَادَةٌ " .
Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The Prophets are leaders, the jurists are chiefs, and their companionship increases (one) in knowledge and reward."
