Daraqutni

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) temporarily took some armors and weapons from Safwan bin Umayyah on the occasion of the Battle of Hunayn. He said: "O Messenger of Allah! Is this a temporary loan that will be returned?" The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "It is a temporary loan that will be returned."

Amr bin Shu'aib narrates from his father, from his grandfather, that the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) borrowed some weapons from Safwan bin Umayyah. So Safwan asked: "Will it be returned, O Messenger of Allah?" The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said: "Yes."

Safwan bin Ya'la narrates from his father that the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said: "When my messenger comes to you, give him this item." The narrator says: I think he mentioned thirty coats of mail and thirty camels. Sayyiduna Ya'la bin Umayyah says that I asked: "Is this being taken as a loan to be returned?" The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) replied: "Yes."

The same narration is also transmitted with another chain of narration, in which these words are present: I asked, "O Messenger of Allah! Are they taking it temporarily, for which compensation will be paid? Or are they taking it temporarily in such a way that it will be returned?" The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said, "No, no, it will be returned."

Umayyah bin Safwan narrates from his father that the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) borrowed some armors from him on the occasion of the Battle of Hunayn. He said: "O Muhammad! Are you seizing them by force?" The Prophet (peace be upon him) replied: "No, rather I am taking them temporarily, and compensation will also be paid for them." The narrator states: Some of those armors were damaged, so the Prophet offered him compensation for them, but he said: "Now I have become inclined towards Islam and I am more interested in it."

Umayyah bin Safwan narrates that his father reported that the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) borrowed some iron armors from him, so he said: "O Messenger of Allah! Are these with a guarantee?" The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "They are with a guarantee." Some of them were lost, so the Prophet said to him: "If you wish, I will pay you compensation for them." He replied: "No, now Islam has entered my heart and this heart has encompassed (Islam) more than anything else."

Ata reported from some members of the family of Abdullah bin Safwan that the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said: "O Safwan! Do you have any weapons?" He replied: "Are you taking them temporarily or will you seize them?" Then the narrator mentioned the entire hadith.

A narrator named Abdul Aziz reported from Ata, who narrated from some individuals belonging to the family of Sayyiduna Safwan, that the Noble Prophet (peace be upon him) temporarily took (some weapons). After that, the narrator mentioned the hadith as previously stated.

Sayyiduna Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "A borrowed item must be returned, and a gift given for temporary use must also be returned." So a man asked: "Is this the decision of Allah's Messenger?" He replied: "This is Allah's decision, and He is most deserving that His decision be fulfilled."

Sayyiduna Abu Umamah Bahili (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that I heard the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) during his Farewell Pilgrimage, in his sermon, saying: “Allah has allotted the right of every rightful person, therefore, no bequest can be made in favor of an heir. The child will belong to the (owner of) the bed, and the adulterer will be deprived, and the reckoning of those people is upon Allah. Whoever attributes himself to anyone other than his real father or his emancipator, upon such a person is the curse of Allah, His angels, and all people until the Day of Resurrection. A woman should not spend anything from her husband’s house without his permission.” It was asked: “O Messenger of Allah! Not even food grain?” The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “That is our most important wealth.” Then he said: “A borrowed item must be returned, and a gift (given for temporary use) must also be returned, obligations must be fulfilled, and a guarantor is liable to pay compensation.”

Amr bin Shu'aib narrates from his father, from his grandfather, that the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said: "There is no liability upon the one with whom a trust has been deposited."

Amr bin Shu'aib narrates from his father, who narrates from his grandfather, that the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said: "A person who borrows something for temporary use is not liable to pay compensation, but if someone uses it deceitfully (then he will be liable to pay compensation). Similarly, a person with whom something is deposited as a trust is also not liable to pay compensation, but if he deceives (then he will also be liable to pay compensation)."

Ata bin Abi Rabah explained the words of the narration (a temporarily taken item will be returned) by stating that a tribe accepted Islam, and they had some items which they had taken from the polytheists for temporary use. These people said: Due to accepting Islam, these items of the polytheists which are with us or have come to us... When this was reported to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), he said: "Islam does not permit you to take possession of anything that does not belong to you; a temporarily taken item must be returned." So then those people returned those items (of the polytheists) to them.

Qadi Shurayh narrates that the person who takes something on loan (for temporary use) and the person with whom something is deposited as a trust, are not liable to pay compensation, except if they are deceitful (then the ruling will be different).

Sayyiduna Nu’man bin Bashir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that my father lifted me up and brought me to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: “Bear witness that I have given Nu’man this much wealth from my property.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: “Have you given the same gift to all your children as you have given to Nu’man?” He replied: “No.” So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Then make someone else a witness instead of me. Would you not like that all (i.e., your children) treat you equally well?” He replied: “Yes, indeed!” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Then do not do this.” Muhamil says: (In the narration, these words are present:) “Have you given the same gift to all your sons?”

Sayyiduna Nu'man bin Bashir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) said to his father: "Do not make me a witness to injustice."

Sayyiduna Nu’man (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that his mother said to his father, Sayyiduna Bashir, that he should give their son Nu’man a garden of date-palms, so Sayyiduna Bashir did so. Then she asked whom he would take as a witness regarding this, so the woman said: the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). So Nu’man’s father went to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and mentioned this matter before him. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Do you have any other children besides him?” He replied: “Yes!” The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Have you given all of them the same as you have given him?” He replied: “No!” So the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “A person like me cannot be a witness to such a thing. Allah Almighty loves that you act justly with your children, just as He loves that you act justly among yourselves.”

Sayyiduna Nu’man bin Bashir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that my father gave me a slave as a gift, so my mother instructed me to go with this to the service of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), so that I could make you a witness to this matter. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) asked (my father): “Have you given all your children gifts like this?” He replied: “No.” The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Then take it back.”

This narration is also transmitted with another chain of transmission.

It is narrated about Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with them both) that a man called him and wanted to make him a witness regarding his will, and in that will he had given preference to some of his children over others. So Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) has forbidden us from being witnesses to an act of injustice. He said: "Whoever becomes a witness to an act of injustice is like a false witness." Then Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with them both) quickly walked away.

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar and Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) both narrate as a marfu’ hadith that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “It is not permissible for any Muslim to take back something after giving it as a gift, except for what he gives to his children (he may take that back). The example of the one who takes back his gift (the narrator is in doubt, or perhaps these are the words) the example of the one who takes back his donation is like that of a dog who, after vomiting, licks up its own vomit.”

Amr bin Shu'aib narrates from his father, who narrates from his grandfather, that the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said: "No person can take back his gift, except a father who can take back what he has given to his child. The one who takes back his gift is like a dog that licks up its own vomit." This narration is also transmitted with another chain, though there are some differences in wording. And with one chain, this narration is transmitted as a mursal hadith, in which the words are: "A father can take back his gift (from his child)."

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates this statement of the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "Whoever gives something as a gift, then he has more right to it, as long as he has not received any compensation for it." This narration is not authentically established as a marfu' (attributed to the Prophet); rather, the correct view is that it is transmitted as a mawquf narration from Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) through Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar.

Sayyiduna Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "A man has more right to his gift as long as he has not received any compensation for it."

Sayyiduna Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The giver of a gift has more right to it as long as he has not received anything in exchange for it."

This narration is also transmitted with another chain of transmission.

Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "A person has more right to his gift as long as he has not received any compensation for it."

Sayyiduna Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates this statement of the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "When a man gives a gift to a relative, he should not take it back." In narrating this tradition, the narrator named Abdullah bin Ja'far is unique.

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates this statement of the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "Whoever gives something as a gift, then wants to take it back, he is more entitled to it as long as he has not received any compensation for it. However, his example is like that of a dog who licks up its own vomit."

Sayyiduna Tariq bin Abdullah Muharibi (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that I have seen the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) twice. Once, I saw him in the market of Dhu’l-Majaz. I was present there with my goods, which I had placed there for sale. In the same way, the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) passed by there, and he was wearing a red cloak and was proclaiming in a loud voice: “O people! Say La ilaha illallah and you will attain success.” A man was following behind him holding a stone, and he had severely wounded him. That man was saying: O people! Do not listen to him because he is lying. So I asked: Who is this person? The people replied: He is a young man from the descendants of Abdul Muttalib. I asked: Who is this person following him and throwing stones at him? The people replied: This is his uncle, Abdul Uzza. (The narrator says) This was Abu Lahab. Then, when Islam became dominant and the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) migrated to Madinah Munawwarah, we came from Rabdhah and the southern areas of Rabdhah with some riders and camped near Madinah Munawwarah. There was also a woman with us. The narrator says: Once, while we were sitting, a person came to us who was wearing two white garments. He greeted us with salam, and we replied to him. He asked: Where have you come from? We replied: From Rabdhah and the southern areas of Rabdhah. The narrator says that we also had red camels with us. He asked: Will you sell your camels? We replied: Yes. He asked: For how much? We said: For such and such measure of dates. He did not ask us to reduce the price. Then he took hold of the camel’s head and went into Madinah and disappeared from our sight. So we began to blame each other, saying: You people have given your camel to a person whom you do not even know. Then the woman (who was with us) said: Do not blame each other. I have seen something in that person’s face (which proves) that he will not disgrace you. I have not seen anyone’s face more resembling the full moon than his. Then, when the time for ‘Isha came, a person came to us and said: As-salamu ‘alaykum, I am the messenger of Allah’s Messenger who has come to you. He has instructed you to eat these dates to your fill and to measure them fully. The narrator says: We ate to our fill and then measured them fully. The next day, when we entered the city of Madinah, the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was standing on the pulpit delivering a sermon to the people. He was saying: “The giving hand is the upper hand, and you should begin spending on the one under your care: your mother, your father, your sister, your brother, and your relatives in order of closeness.” Then an Ansari stood up and said: O Messenger of Allah! These are the Banu Thalabah, who killed so-and-so in the time of ignorance; please let us take retribution from them. So the Prophet raised both his hands until we saw the whiteness of his armpits. He said: “A father will not pay blood money on behalf of his children.”

Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever makes a cash transaction regarding something, then he should not make any change in what is given as payment." Ibrahim bin Sa'id says: That is, he should receive the very thing for which he made the cash transaction, or he should pay the very compensation upon which he made the cash transaction.

Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: (The narrator says that I think this is the statement of the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him) "When you make a sale by advance payment (salam), then do not sell it further until you have measured it completely."

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever engages in a salam sale (advance payment sale), let him not stipulate any condition for payment except the agreed-upon payment."

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: When the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) ordered Banu Nadir to leave Madinah, some of their people came to him and said: We have some obligations that have not yet been returned. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said: "Leave them and depart from here quickly."

This narration is also transmitted with another chain of transmission.

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that when the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered the expulsion of Banu Nadir, they said: "O Muhammad! We have taken some loans from people." So he said: "Forgive them and leave here quickly."

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that when the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) intended to expel Banu Nadir (from Madinah Munawwarah), they said: "O Messenger of Allah! You have ordered us to leave, while we have debts owed to us by people that have not yet been repaid." So the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Forgive them and leave here quickly."

Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: When a funeral was brought before the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), he would not ask about the deceased’s deeds, he would only ask about his debts. If it was told that he had a debt upon him, the Prophet would not perform his funeral prayer, and if it was told that he had no debt upon him, the Prophet would perform his funeral prayer. Once, a funeral was brought, and when the Prophet stood to perform the funeral prayer, he asked his companions: “Does your companion have any debt upon him?” The people replied: “He has two dinars.” So the Noble Prophet turned away and said: “You perform the funeral prayer of your companion.” Then Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “O Messenger of Allah! The payment of these two is upon me, this person is free from them.” So the Noble Prophet advanced and performed the funeral prayer for that person. Then he said to Sayyiduna Ali ibn Abi Talib: “May Allah reward you with goodness and grant you relief from distress just as you have relieved your brother’s distress. Whoever dies and has a debt upon him, he is held in pledge because of that debt, and whoever relieves a deceased person’s debt, Allah will relieve his distress on the Day of Resurrection.” Then someone asked: “Is this ruling specifically for Sayyiduna Ali or for all Muslims?” The Prophet replied: “Rather, it is for all Muslims.”

Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: It has been prohibited to hire out a male animal for mating; in one narration, these additional words are mentioned: It has also been prohibited to pay wages from the work itself.

Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates this statement of the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him): "Do not sell grapes until they are ripe, and do not sell grain until it is ready."