Salim bin 'Abdullah (b. 'Umar) reported on the authority of his father that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) observed the prayer of a traveller, i. e. two rak'ahs in Mina, and other places; so did Abu Bakr (RA) and 'Umar, and 'Uthman too observed two rak'ahs at the beginning of his caliphate, but he then completed four.

Salim bin 'Abdullah reported on the authority of his father that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) (may peace be. upon him) used to observe Nafl (supererogatory) prayer on his ride no matter in what direction it turned its face, and he observed Witr too on it, but did not observe obligatory prayer on it.

'Abdullah bin 'Amir bin Rabi'a has reported on the authority of his father that he had seen the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) observing Nafl player at night on a journey on the back of his ride in whichever direction it turned its face.

Salim bin 'Abdullah reported that his father had said: I saw the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) delaying the sunset prayer till he would combine it with the 'Isha' when he hastened to set out on a journey.

Anas reported that when the Apostle of Allah (ﷺ) had to set out on a journey hurriedly, he delayed the noon prayer to the earlier time for the afternoon prayer, and then he would combine them, and he would delay the sunset prayer to the time when the twilight would disappear and then combine it with the 'Isha' prayer.

'Abdullah bin Harith bin Naufal reported: I had been asking about, as I was desirous to find one among people who should inform me, whether the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) observed the forenoon prayer, but I found none to narrate that to me except Umm Hani, daughter of Abu Talib (the real sister of Hadrat 'Ali), who told me that on the day of the Conquest the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) came (to our house) after the dawn had (sufficiently) arisen. A cloth was brought and privacy was provided for him (the Holy Prophet). He took a bath and then stood up and observed eight rak'ahs. I do not know whether his Qiyam (standing posture) was longer, or bending or prostration or all of them were of equal duration. She (Umm Hani) further said: I never saw him saying this Nafl prayer prior to it or subsequently. (Al-Muradi narrated on the authority of Yunus that he made no mention of the words: "He informed me." )

Zuhri reported this hadith with the same chain of transmitters, except this that he made a mention of one year or two years.

'A'isha, the wife of the Apostle of Allah (ﷺ) , said that between the time when the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) finished the 'Isha' prayer which is called 'Atama by the people, he used to pray eleven rak'ahs, uttering the salutation at the end of every two rak'ahs, and observing the Witr with a single one. And when the Mu'adhdhin had finished the call (for the) dawn prayer and he saw the dawn clearly and the Mu'adhdhin had come to him, he stood up and prayed two short rak'ahs. Then he lay down on his right side till the Mu'adhdhin came to him for lqama.

(This hadith has been narrated with the same chain of transmitters by Ibn Shihab, but in it no mention has been made of Iqama )

'A'isha reported that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to offer prayer at night while she lay in front of him, and when the Witr prayer was yet to be observed, he would awaken her and she observed Witr.

'Umar bin Khattab reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: Should anyone fall asleep and fail to recite his portion of the Qur'an, or a part of it, if he recites it between the dawn prayer and the noon prayer, it will be recorded for him as though he had recited it during the night.

'Abdullah bin 'Umar reported: A man stood up and said. Messenger of Allah, how is the night prayer? The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: The night prayer consists of pairs, but if you apprehend the rise of dawn, make it odd number by observing one rak'ah.

Abu Sa'id and Abu Hurairah (RA) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: Allah waits till when one-third of the first part of the night is over; He descends to the lowest heaven and says: It there any supplicator of forgiveness? Is there any penitent? Is there any petitioner (for mercy and favour)? Is there any solicitor? -till it is daybreak.

'A'isha reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) came out during the night and observed prayer in the mosque and some of the people prayed along with him. When it was morning the people talked about this and so a large number of people gathered there. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) went out for the second night, and they (the people) prayed along with him. When it was morning the people began to talk about it. So the mosque thronged with people on the third night. He (the Holy Prophet) came out and they prayed along with him. When it was the fourth night, the mosque was filled to its utmost capacity but the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) did not come out. Some persons among then cried:" Prayer." But the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) did not come to them till he came out for the morning prayer. When he had completed the morning prayer, he turned his face to the people and recited Tashahhud (I bear testimony that there is no god but Allah and I bear testimony that Muhammad is His Messenger) and then said: Your affair was not hidden from me in the night, but I was afraid that (my observing prayer continuously) might make the night prayer obligatory for you and you might be unable to perform it.

Makhrama bin Sulaiman narrated it with the same chain of narrators and he made this addition:" He then went to the water-skin and brushed his teeth and performed ablution as well. He did not pour water but a little. He then awakened me and I stood up," and the rest of the hadith is the same.

Ibn Abbas (RA) reported: I slept (one night) in the house of Maimuna, the wife of the Apostle of Allah (ﷺ) , and the Apostle of Allah (ﷺ) was with her that night. He (after sleeping for half of the night got up and) then performed ablution and then stood up and observed prayer. I too stood on his left side. He took hold of me and made me stand on his right side. He (the Holy Prophet) observed thirteen rak'ahs on that night. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) then slept and snored and it was a habit with him to snore while sleeping. The Mu'adhdbin then came to him (to inform him about the prayer). He then went out and observed prayer without performing ablution. ('Amr said: Bukair bin Ashajj had narrated it to me )

Kuraib reported that Ibn 'Abbas spent a night in the house of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and he said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) may peace be upon him) stood near the water-skin and poured water out of that and performed ablution in which he neither used excess of water nor too little of it, and the rest of the hadith is the same, and in this mention is also made (of the fact) that on that night the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) made supplication before Allah in nineteen words. Kuraib reported: I remember twelve words out of these, but have forgotten the rest. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:" Place light in my heart, light in my tongue, light in my hearing, light in my sight, light above me, light below me, light on my right, light on my left, light in front of me, light behind me, place light in my soul, and make light abundant for me."

'Urwa bin Zubair reported that 'A'isha, the wife of the Apostle of Allah (ﷺ) , told him that (once) Haula' bint Tuwait bin Habib bin Asad bin 'Abdul 'Uzzi passed by her (at the time) when the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was with her. I ('A'isha) said: It Is Haula' bint Tuwait and they say that she does not sleep at night. Upon this the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: (Oh) she does not sleep at night! Choose an act which you are capable of doing (continuously). By Allah, Allah would not grow weary, but you will grow weary.

This hadith has been narrated by Ibn Shihab with the same chain of transmitters with words:" As He listens to a Prophet (ﷺ) reciting the Qur'an in a sweet voice."

This hadith has been narrated with the same chain of transmitters by Ibn al-Had except this that Abu Hurairah (RA) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying and he did not say:" He heard it."

'A'isha reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) sent a man in charge of an expedition and he would recite for his Companions during their prayer, ending (recitation) with:" Say, He is God, One." When they returned mention was made of it to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) . He (the Holy Prophet) told them to ask him why he had done like that. So they asked him and he said: Verily, it is an attribute of the Compassionate One, and (for this reason) I love to recite it. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) thereupon said: Inform him that Allah loves him.

Salim son of 'Abdullah bin 'Umar is reported to have said on the authority of his father that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) observed: Envy is not justified but in case of two persons only: one who, having been given (knowledge of) the Qur'an by Allah, recites it during the night and during the day (and acts upon it), and the person who, having been given wealth by God, gives it in charity during the night and the day.

This hadith has been transmitted thus by 'Umar bin Khattab (with a slight change of words):" I heard Hisham bin Hakim reciting Surah al-Furqan during the lifetime of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) ." The rest is the same but with this addition:" I was about to catch hold of him in prayer, but I exercised patience till he pronounced salutation.

Ibn 'Abbas reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: Gabriel (ؑ) taught me to recite in one style. I replied to him and kept asking him to give more (styles), till he reached seven modes (of recitation). Ibn Shibab said: It has reached me that these seven styles are essentially one, not differing about what is permitted and what is forbidden.

Abu Sa'id al-Khudri reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: No prayer is valid after the 'Asr prayer till the sun sets and no prayer is valid after the dawn prayer till the sun rises.

Uqba bin 'Amir said: There were the times at which Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade us to pray, or bury our dead: When the sun begins to rise till it is fully up, when the sun is at its height at midday till it passes over the meridian, and when the sun draws near to setting till it sets.

Kuraib, the freed slave of Ibn 'Abbas, reported that 'Abdullah bin 'Abbas, 'Abdul Rahman bin Azhar, al-Miswar bin Makhrama sent him to 'A'isha, the wife of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) , telling him to give her their greetings, and ask her about the two rak'ahs after the afternoon prayer, (for)" we have heard that you observe them whereas it has been conveyed to us that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) prohibited their observance." Ibn 'Abbas said: I along with 'Umar bin al-Khattab dissuaded people to do so (to observe two rak'ahs of prayer). Kuraib said: I went to her ('A'isha) and conveyed to her the message with which I was sent. She said: (Better) ask Umm Salamah. So I went to them (those who had sent him to Hadrat 'A'isha) and informed them about what she had said. They sent me back to Umm Salamah with that with which I was sent to 'A'isha. Umm Salamah said: I beard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) prohibiting them, and then afterwards I saw him observing them. And when he observed them (two rak'ahs) he had already observed the 'Asr prayer. Then he (the Holy Prophet) came, while there were with me ladies of Banu Haram, a tribe of the Ansar and he (the Holy Prophet) observed them (the two rak'ahs). I sent a slave-girl to him asking her to stand by his side and say to him that Umm Salamah says: Messenger of Allah, I heard you prohibiting these two rak'ahs, whereas I saw you observing them; and if he (the Holy Prophet) points with his hand (to wait), then do wait. The slave-girl did like that. He (the Holy Prophet) pointed out with his hand and she got aside and waited, and when he had finished (the prayer) he said: Daughter of Abu Umayya. you have asked about the two rak'ahs after the 'Asr prayer. Some people of 'Abu al-Qais came to me for embracing Islam and hindered me from observing the two rak'ahs which come after the noon prayer. So those are the two I have been praying.

This hadith has been narrated by Ibn 'Umar (RA) by another chain of transmitters.

'Abdullah (b. 'Umar) reported from his father that while he was addressing the people on Friday (sermon), a person, one of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) , entered (the mosque). Umar said to him loudly: What is this hour (for attending the prayer)? He said: I was busy today and I did not return to my house when I heard the call (to Friday prayer), and I did no more but performed ablution only. Upon this Umar said: just ablution! You know that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) commanded (us) to take a bath (on Friday).

'Aisha reported: The people came for Jumu'a prayer from their houses in the neighbouring villages dressed in woolen garments on which dust was settled and this emitted a foal smell. A person among them (those who were dressed so) came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) while he was in my house. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) (may peace he upon him) said to him: Were you to cleanse yourselves on this day.

'Abdul Rahman son of Abd Sa'id al-Khudri reported on the authority of his father that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Bathing on Friday for every adult, using of Miswak and applying some perfume, that is available-these are essential. So far as the perfume is concerned, it may be that used by a lady.

Abu Burda bin Abu Musa al-Ash'ari reported: 'Abdullah bin 'Umar (RA) said to me: Did you hear anything from your father narrating something from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) about the time on Friday? I said: Yes, I heard him say from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) (these words):" It is between the time when the Imam sits down and the end of the prayer."

Abu Hurairah (RA) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: The best day on which the sun has risen is Friday; on it Adam ؑwas created, on it he was made to enter Paradise, on it he was expelled from it.

Abu Hurairah (RA) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: When it is Friday, the angels stand at every door of the mosque and record the people in the order of their arrival, and when the Imam sits (on the pulpit for delivering the sermon) they fold up their sheets (manuscripts of the Qur'an) and listen to the mention (of Allah). And he who comes early is like one who offers a she-camel as a sacrifice, the next like one who offers a cow, the next a ram, the next a hen, the next an egg.

The daughter of Haritha b. Nu'man said: I did not memorise (Surah) Qaf but from the mouth of the Messenger of Allah (صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ) as he used to deliver the. sermon along with it on every Friday. She also added: Our oven and that of the Messenger of Allah (صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ) was one.

Abu Hurairah (RA) reported that the Apostle of Allah (ﷺ) used to recite in the dawn prayer on Friday:" Alif-Lam-Mim, Tanzil" in the first rak'ah, and in the second one:" Surely there came over the man a time when he was nothing that could be mentioned."

'A'isha reported that Abu Bakr (RA) came to her and there were with her two girls on Adha days who were singing and beating the tambourine and the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) had wrapped himself with his mantle. Abu Bakr (RA) scolded them. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) (may peace he upon him) uncovered (his face) and said: Abu Bakr, leave them alone for these are the days of 'Id. And 'A'isha said: I recapitulate to my mind the fact that once the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) screened me with his mantle and I saw the sports of the Abyssinians, and I was only a girl, and so you can well imagine how a girl of tender age is fond of watching the sport.

'A'isha reported: By Allah, I remember the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) standing on the door of my apartment screening me with his mantle enabling me to see the sport of the Abyssinians as they played with their daggers in the mosque of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) . He (the Holy Prophet) kept standing for my sake till I was satiated and then I went back; and thus you can well imagine how long a girl tender of age who is fond of sports (could have watched it).

'A'isha reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) came (in my apartment) while there were two girls with me singing the song of the Battle of Bu'ath. He lay down on the bed and turned away his face. Then came Abu Bakr (RA) and he scolded me and said: Oh! this musical instrument of the devil in the house of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) ! The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) turned towards him and said: Leave them alone. And when he (the Holy Prophet) became inattentive, I hinted them and they went out, and it was the day of 'Id and negroes were playing with shields and spears. (I do not remember) whether I asked the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) or whether he said to me if I desired to see (that sport). I said: Yes. I stood behind him with his face parallel to my face, and he said: O Banu Arfada, be busy (in your sports) till I was satiated. He said (to me): Is that enough? I said: Yes. Upon this he asked me to go.

'Abbad bin Tamim Mazini heard his uncle, who was one of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) , as saying: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) went out one day in order to pray for rain. He turned his back towards people, supplicated before Allah, facing towards Qibla, and turned his mantle round and then observed two rak'ahs of prayer.