Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: A man came after embracing Islam during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Afterwards his wife came after embracing Islam. He said: Messenger of Allah, she embraced Islam along with me; so restore her to me.

Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: A woman embraced Islam during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ; she then married. Her (former) husband then came to the Prophet ﷺ and said: Messenger of Allah, I have already embraced Islam, and she had the knowledge about my Islam. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ took her away from her latter husband and restored her to her former husband.

Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ restored his daughter Zaynab to Abul As on the basis of the previous marriage, and he did not do anything afresh. Muhammad bin Amr said in his version: After six years. Al-Hasan bin Ali said: After two years.

Ibn Abbas said “Hilal bin Umayyah accused his wife in the presence of Prophet ﷺ of having committed adultery with Sharik bin Sahma’”. The Prophet ﷺ said “Produce evidence or you must receive punishment on your back. ” He said “Messenger of Allah ﷺ when one of us sees a man having intercourse with his wife should he go and seek evidence?” But the Prophet ﷺ merely said “You must produce evidence or you must receive punishment on your back. ” Hilal then said “By Him Who sent you with the Truth, I am speaking Truly. May Allaah send down something which will free my back from punishment. Then the following Quranic verses were revealed “And those who make charges against their spouses but have no witnesses except themselves” reciting till he reached “one of those who speak the truth”. The Prophet ﷺ then returned and sent for them and they came (to him). Hilal bin Umayyah stood up and testified and the Prophet ﷺ was saying “Allaah knows that one of you is lying. Will one of you repent?” Then the woman got up and testified, but when she was about to do it a fifth time saying that Allaah’s anger be upon her if he was one of those who spoke the truth, they said to her “this is the deciding one”. Ibn Abbas said “She then hesitated and drew back so that we thought the she would withdraw (what she said) “Look and see whether she gives birth to a child with eyes looking as if they have antimony in them, wide buttocks and fat legs, if she did. Sharik bin Sahma’ will be its father. She then gave birth to a child of a similar description. The Prophet ﷺ thereupon said “If it were not for what has already been stated in Allaah’s book I would have dealt severely with her. ” Abu Dawud said “This tradition has been transmitted by the people of Madina alone. They narrated the tradition of Hilal on the authority of Ibn Bashshar. ”

Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: When the Prophet ﷺ ordered a man and his wife to invoke curses on each other, he ordered a man to put his hand on his mouth when he came to the fifth utterance, saying that it would be the deciding one.

Ibn Abbas said “Hilal bin Umayyah was one of the three persons whose repentance was accepted by Allaah. One night he returned from his land and found a man along with his wife. He witnessed with his eyes and heard with his ears. He did not threaten him till the morning. ” Next day he went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in the morning and said Messenger of Allah ﷺ “I came to my wife in the night and found a man along with her. I saw with my own eyes and heard with my own ears. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ disliked what he described and he took it seriously. There upon the following Quranic verse came down “And those who make charges against their spouses but have no witnesses except themselves, let the testimony of one of them. . . . ” When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to himself (after the revelation ended) he said “Glad tidings to you Hilal, Allaah the exalted has made ease and a way out for you. ” Hilal said “I expected that from my Lord. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said “Send for her. She then came. ” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ recited the verses to them and he reminded them and told them that the punishment in the next world was more severe than that in n this world. Hilal said “I swear by Allah I spoke the truth against her. ” She said “He told a lie. ” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said “Apply the method of invoking curses on one another. Hilal was told “Bear witness. So he bore witness before Allaah four times that he spoke the truth. ” When he was about to utter the fifth time he was told “Hilal fear Allah, for the punishment in this world is easier than that in the next world and this is the deciding one, that will surely cause punishment to you. ” He said “I swear by Allaah. Allah will not punish me for this (act), as He did not cause me to be flogged for this (act). ” So he bore witness a fifth time invoking the curse of Allah on him if he was of those who tell a lie. Then the people said to her, Testify. So she gave testimony before Allaah that he was a liar. When she was going to testify the fifth time she was told “Fear Allah, for the punishment in this world is easier than that in the next world. This is the deciding one that will surely cause punishment to you. ” She hesitated for a moment. And then said “By Allah, I will not disgrace my people. ” So she testified a fifth time invoking the curse of Allah on her if he spoke the truth. Messenger of Allah ﷺ separated them from each other and decided that the child will not be attributed to its father. Neither she nor her child will be accused of adultery. He who accuses her or her child will be liable to punishment. He also decided that there will be no dwelling and maintenance for her (from the husband) as they were separated without divorce and death. He then said “If she gives birth to a child with reddish hair, light buttocks, wide belly and light shins he will be the child of Hilal. If she bears a dusky child with curly hair, fat limbs, fat shins and fat buttocks he will be the child of the one who was accused of adultery. She gave birth to a child with curly hair, fat limbs, fat shins and fat buttocks. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said “Had there been no oaths, I would have dealt with her severely. ” Ikrimah said “Later on he became the chief of the tribe of Mudar. He was not attributed to his father. ”

Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: The Prophet ﷺ said: There is no prostitution in Islam. If anyone practised prostitution in pre-Islamic times, the child will be attributed to the master (of the slave-woman). He who claims his child without a valid marriage or ownership will neither inherit nor be inherited.

Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: Women who are divorced shall wait, keeping themselves apart, three monthly courses; and then said: And for such of your women as despair of menstruation, if ye doubt, their period (of waiting) shall be three months. This was abrogated from the former verse. Again he said: (O ye who believe, if ye wed believing women) and divorce them before ye have touched them, then there is no period that ye should reckon. "

Narrated Umar ibn al-Khattab: The Prophet ﷺ divorced Hafsah, but he took her back in marriage.

The Quranic verse “Those of you who die and leave widows should bequeath for their widows a year’s maintenance and residence was abrogated by the verse containing the laws of succession, as one-fourth or one-eighth share was prescribed for them (i. e., the widows). The waiting period for one year was also repealed as a period of four months ten days was prescribed for them.

Ibn Abbas said “The following verse abrogated the rule of passing her waiting period with her people. A year’s maintenance and residence. She may pass her waiting period now anywhere she wishes. Ata said “If she wishes she can pass her waiting period with the people of her husband and live in the house left by her husband by will. Or she may shift if she wishes according to the pronouncement of Allah the Exalted. But if they leave (the residence) there is no blame on you for what they do. Ata’ said “Then the verses regarding inheritance were revealed. The commandment for living in a house (for one year) was repealed. She may pass her waiting period wherever she wishes.

Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: Ibn Abbas explained the following Quranic verse: "O ye who believe! fasting is prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you" During the lifetime of the Prophet ﷺ, when the people offered night prayer, they were asked to abstain from food and drink and (intercourse with) women, they kept fast till the next night. A man betrayed himself and had intercourse with his wife after he had offered the night prayer, and he did not break his fast. So Allah, the Exalted, intended to make it (fasting) easy for those who survived, thus providing a concession and utility. Allah, the Glorified, said: "Allah knoweth what ye used to do secretly among yourselves. " By this Allah benefited the people and provided concession and ease to them.

Ibn Abbas explain the Quranic verse “For those who can do it (with hardship) is a ransom, the feeding of one, that is indigent” said “If one of them wished to pay ransom by providing food to an indigent person he could pay ransom. . Thus, his fast was complete. Allaah, the Exalted pronounced “But he that will give more of his own free will, it is better for him”. Again he pronounced “So every one of you who is present (at his home) during that month should spend it in fasting. ” But, if anyone is ill or on a journey the prescribed period (should be made up) by days later.

Ibn Abbas said “The verse concerning the payment of ransom stands valid for pregnant and sucking woman. ”

Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: Explaining the verse; "For those who can do it (with hard-ship) is a ransom, the feeding of one, that is indigent, " he said: This was a concession granted to the aged man and woman who were able to keep fast; they were allowed to leave the fast and instead feed an indigent person for each fast; (and a concession) to pregnant and suckling woman when they apprehended harm (to themselves).

Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: The Prophet ﷺ said: Do not fast one day or two days just before Ramadan except in the case of a man who has been in the habit or observing a fast (on that day); and do not fast until you sight it (the moon). Then fast until you sight it. If a cloud appears on that day (i. e. 29th of Ramadan) then complete the number thirty (days) and then end the fasting: a month consists of twenty-nine days.

Narrated Kuraib: That Umm al-Fadl, daughter of al-Harith, sent him to Mu'aqiyah in Syria. He said: I came to syria and performed her work. The moon of Ramadan appeared while I was in Syria. We sighted the moon on the night of Friday. When I came to Median towards the end of the month (of Ramadan), Ibn Abbas asked me about the moon. He said: When did you sight the moon ? I said: I sighted it on the night of Friday. He asked: Did you sight it yourself ? I said: Yes, and the people sighted it. They fasted and Muawiyah also fasted. He said: But we sighted it on the night of saturday. Since then we have been fasting until we complete thirty days or we sight it. Then I said: Are the sighting of the moon by Muawiyah and his fasts not sufficient for us? He replied: No. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded us to do so.

Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: A bedouin came to the Prophet ﷺ and said: I have sighted the moon. Al-Hasan added in his version: that is, of Ramadan. He asked: Do you testify that there is no god but Allah? He replied: Yes. He again asked: Do you testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah? He replied: Yes. and he testified that he had sighted the moon. He said: Bilal, announce to the people that they must fast tomorrow.

Narrated Ibn Abbas: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ had himself cupped when he was fasting. Abu Dawud said: Wuhaib bin Khalid narrated a similar tradition from Ayyub through a different chain of narrators. Jafar bin Rabiah and Hisham, that is, Ibn Hassan, narrated a similar tradition from Ikrimah on the authority of Ibn Abbas.

Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ had himself cupped when he was fasting and wearing ihram (pilgrim garb).

Narrated Ibn Abbas: If a man falls ill during Ramadan and he dies, while he could not keep the fast, food will be provided (for the poor men) on his behalf ; there is no atonement (for his fasts) due from him. If there is some vow which he could not fulfill, his heir must atone on his behalf.

Narrated Ibn Abbas: The Prophet ﷺ left Madina for Makkah till he reached 'Usfan, He then called for a vessel (of water). It was raised to his mouth to show it to the people, and that was in Ramadan. Ibn Abbas used to say: The Prophet ﷺ fasted and he broke his fast. He who likes may fast and he who likes may break.

Narrated Uthman bin Hakim: I asked Saeed bin Jubair about fasting during Rajab. He said: Ibn Abbas told me that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to fast to such an extent that we thought that he would never break his fast ; and he would go without fasting to such and extent that he would never fast.

Narrated Ibn Abbas: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: There is no virtue more to the liking of Allah in any day than in these days, that is, the first ten days of Dhu al-Hijjah. They (the Companions) asked: Messenger of Allah, not even the struggle in the path of Allah (Jihad) ? He said: (Yes), not even the struggle in the path of Allah, except a man who goes out (in the path of Allah) with his life and property, and does not return with any of them.

Ibn Abbas said: When the Prophet ﷺ came to Madina, he found the Jews observing fast on the day of Ashurah; so they were asked about it (by the Prophet). They said: This is a day on which Allah gave Moses domination over Pharaoh. We fast on it out of reverence to him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: We have a closer connection with Moses than you have. He then gave orders that it should be observed.

Ibn Abbas said: When the Prophet ﷺ on the day of Ashurah and commanded us to fast on it, they (i. e. Companions) said: Messenger of Allah, this is a day which is considered great by Jews and Christians ? The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: When the next year comes, we shall fast on the 9th of Muharram. But the next year the Messenger of Allah ﷺ breathed his last.

Al-Hakam bin al-Araj said: I came to Ibn Abbas who was leaning against his sheet of cloth in the Sacred Mosque (al-Masjid al-Haram). I asked him about fasting on the day of Ashurah. He said: When you sight the moon of al-Muharram, count (the days). When the 9th of Muharram comes, fast from the morning. I said: Would Muhammad ﷺ observe this fast ? He replied: Thus Muhammad ﷺ used to fast.

Ibn Abbas reported that Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying on the day of the conquest of Makkah: There is no emigration (after the conquest of Makkah, but only Jihad (striving in the path of Allah) and some intention. So when you are summoned to go forth (for Jihad), go forth.

Ibn Abbas said “The Quranic verse “Unless you go forth, He will punish you with a grievous penalty, and the verse “It is not fitting for the people of Madina”. . . up to “that Allaah might required their deed with the best (possible reward) have been repealed by the verse. Nor should the believers all go forth together. ”

Najdah bin Nufai said “I asked Ibn Abbas about the verse. “Unless you go forth, He will punish you with a grievous penalty. ” He replied “The rain stopped from them. This was their punishment. ”

Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: The Prophet ﷺ said: When your brethren were smitten at the battle of Uhud, Allah put their spirits in the crops of green birds which go down to the rivers of Paradise, eat its fruit and nestle in lamps of gold in the shade of the Throne. Then when they experienced the sweetness of their food, drink and rest, they asked: Who will tell our brethren about us that we are alive in Paradise provided with provision, in order that they might not be disinterested in jihad and recoil in war? Allah Most High said: I shall tell them about you; so Allah sent down; "And do not consider those who have been killed in Allah's path. " till the end of the verse.

Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: The Prophet ﷺ said: The most favoured horses are the sorrel.

Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited to provoke the beasts for fighting.

Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: The Prophet ﷺ said: The best number of companions is four, the best number in expeditions four hundred, and the best number in armies four thousand; and twelve thousand will not be overcome through smallness of numbers. Abu Dawud said: What is correct is that this tradition is mursal (i. e. the link of the Companion is missing).

Ibn Juraij said “O ye who believe, Obey Allaah and obey the Messenger and those charged with authority amongst you. ” This verse was revealed about Abd Allaah bin Qais bin Adi whom the Prophet ﷺ sent along with a detachment. Yala narrated it to me from Saeed bin Jubair on the authority of Ibn Abbas.

Ibn Abbas said “When the verse “If there are twenty amongst you patient and persevering, they will vanquish two hundred” was revealed. It was heavy and troublesome for Muslims when Allaah prescribed for them that one (fighting Muslim) should not fly from ten (fighting Non-Muslims). Then a light commandment was revealed saying “For the present Allaah hath lightened your (task). ” The narrator Abu Tawbah recited the verse to “they will vanquish two hundred. ” When Allaah lightened the number, patient and perseverance also decreased according to the number lightened from them. ”

Al Sab bin Jaththamah said that he asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about the polytheists whose settlemnst were attacked at night when some of their offspring and women were smitten. The Prophet ﷺ “They are of them. Amr bin Dinar used to say “they are regarded in the same way as their parents. ” Al-Zuhri said: Thereafter the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited to kill women and children.

Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: When the children of a woman (in pre-Islamic days) did not survive, she took a vow on herself that if her child survives, she would convert it a Jew. When Banu an-Nadir were expelled (from Arabia), there were some children of the Ansar (Helpers) among them. They said: We shall not leave our children. So Allah the Exalted revealed; "Let there be no compulsion in religion. Truth stands out clear from error. " Abu Dawud said: Muqlat means a woman whose children do not survive.

Umar bin Al Khattab said “During the battle of Badr, the Prophet ﷺ took ransom”. Thereupon Allaah Most High sent down “It is not fitting for an Messenger that he should have prisoners of war until he hath thoroughly subdued the land. You look on the temporal goods of this world, but Allaah looketh to the Hereafter”. And Allaah is exalted in might and Wise. Had it not been for a previous ordainment from Allaah, a severe penalty would have reached you for the (ransom) that you took. Allaah then made the spoils of war lawful. Abu Dawud said “I heard that Ahmad bin Hanbal was asked about the name of Abu Nuh”. He said “What will you do with his name? His name is a bad one. Abu Dawud said “the name of Abu Nuh is Qurad. What is correct is that his name is Abd Al Rahman bin Ghazwan.

Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: The Prophet ﷺ fixed the ransom of the people of pre-Islamic Arabia at four hundred dirhams per head on the day of the battle of Badr.