Hadith 2770
حَدَّثَنَا
حِبَّانُ بْنُ مُوسَى ، أَخْبَرَنَا
عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ ، أَخْبَرَنَا
يُونُسُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ الْأَيْلِيُّ . ح وحَدَّثَنَا
إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْحَنْظَلِيُّ ،
وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ ،
وَعَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ ، قَالَ ابْنُ رَافِعٍ : حَدَّثَنَا ، وقَالَ الْآخَرَانِ : أَخْبَرَنَا
عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ ، أَخْبَرَنَا
مَعْمَرٌ ، وَالسِّيَاقُ حَدِيثُ مَعْمَرٍ مِنْ رِوَايَةِ عَبْدٍ وَابْنِ رَافِعٍ ، قَالَ يُونُسُ وَمَعْمَرٌ جميعا عَنْ
الزُّهْرِيِّ ، أَخْبَرَنِي
سَعِيدُ بْنُ الْمُسَيِّبِ ،
وَعُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ ،
وَعَلْقَمَةُ بْنُ وَقَّاصٍ ،
وَعُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ، عَنْ حَدِيثِ
عَائِشَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، حِينَ قَالَ لَهَا : " أَهْلُ الْإِفْكِ مَا قَالُوا فَبَرَّأَهَا اللَّهُ مِمَّا قَالُوا ، وَكُلُّهُمْ حَدَّثَنِي طَائِفَةً مِنْ حَدِيثِهَا وَبَعْضُهُمْ كَانَ أَوْعَى لِحَدِيثِهَا مِنْ بَعْضٍ ، وَأَثْبَتَ اقْتِصَاصًا وَقَدْ وَعَيْتُ عَنْ كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمُ الْحَدِيثَ الَّذِي حَدَّثَنِي ، وَبَعْضُ حَدِيثِهِمْ يُصَدِّقُ بَعْضًا ذَكَرُوا ، أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَتْ : كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ سَفَرًا أَقْرَعَ بَيْنَ نِسَائِهِ ، فَأَيَّتُهُنَّ خَرَجَ سَهْمُهَا خَرَجَ بِهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَعَهُ ، قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ : فَأَقْرَعَ بَيْنَنَا فِي غَزْوَةٍ غَزَاهَا ، فَخَرَجَ فِيهَا سَهْمِي ، فَخَرَجْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَذَلِكَ بَعْدَ مَا أُنْزِلَ الْحِجَابُ ، فَأَنَا أُحْمَلُ فِي هَوْدَجِي وَأُنْزَلُ فِيهِ مَسِيرَنَا ، حَتَّى إِذَا فَرَغَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ غَزْوِهِ وَقَفَلَ وَدَنَوْنَا مِنْ الْمَدِينَةِ آذَنَ لَيْلَةً بِالرَّحِيلِ ، فَقُمْتُ حِينَ آذَنُوا بِالرَّحِيلِ ، فَمَشَيْتُ حَتَّى جَاوَزْتُ الْجَيْشَ ، فَلَمَّا قَضَيْتُ مِنْ شَأْنِي أَقْبَلْتُ إِلَى الرَّحْلِ ، فَلَمَسْتُ صَدْرِي فَإِذَا عِقْدِي مِنْ جَزْعِ ظَفَارِ قَدِ انْقَطَعَ ، فَرَجَعْتُ فَالْتَمَسْتُ عِقْدِي ، فَحَبَسَنِي ابْتِغَاؤُهُ وَأَقْبَلَ الرَّهْطُ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا يَرْحَلُونَ لِي فَحَمَلُوا هَوْدَجِي ، فَرَحَلُوهُ عَلَى بَعِيرِيَ الَّذِي كُنْتُ أَرْكَبُ وَهُمْ يَحْسِبُونَ أَنِّي فِيهِ ، قَالَتْ : وَكَانَتِ النِّسَاءُ إِذْ ذَاكَ خِفَافًا لَمْ يُهَبَّلْنَ وَلَمْ يَغْشَهُنَّ اللَّحْمُ إِنَّمَا يَأْكُلْنَ الْعُلْقَةَ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ ، فَلَمْ يَسْتَنْكِرِ الْقَوْمُ ثِقَلَ الْهَوْدَجِ حِينَ رَحَلُوهُ وَرَفَعُوهُ ، وَكُنْتُ جَارِيَةً حَدِيثَةَ السِّنِّ ، فَبَعَثُوا الْجَمَلَ وَسَارُوا وَوَجَدْتُ عِقْدِي بَعْدَ مَا اسْتَمَرَّ الْجَيْشُ ، فَجِئْتُ مَنَازِلَهُمْ وَلَيْسَ بِهَا دَاعٍ وَلَا مُجِيبٌ ، فَتَيَمَّمْتُ مَنْزِلِي الَّذِي كُنْتُ فِيهِ وَظَنَنْتُ أَنَّ الْقَوْمَ سَيَفْقِدُونِي فَيَرْجِعُونَ إِلَيَّ ، فَبَيْنَا أَنَا جَالِسَةٌ فِي مَنْزِلِي غَلَبَتْنِي عَيْنِي ، فَنِمْتُ وَكَانَ صَفْوَانُ بْنُ الْمُعَطَّلِ السُّلَمِيُّ ثُمَّ الذَّكْوَانِيُّ قَدْ عَرَّسَ مِنْ وَرَاءِ الْجَيْشِ ، فَادَّلَجَ فَأَصْبَحَ عِنْدَ مَنْزِلِي فَرَأَى سَوَادَ إِنْسَانٍ نَائِمٍ ، فَأَتَانِي فَعَرَفَنِي حِينَ رَآنِي ، وَقَدْ كَانَ يَرَانِي قَبْلَ أَنْ يُضْرَبَ الْحِجَابُ عَلَيَّ ، فَاسْتَيْقَظْتُ بِاسْتِرْجَاعِهِ حِينَ عَرَفَنِي ، فَخَمَّرْتُ وَجْهِي بِجِلْبَابِي َ وَاللَّهِ مَا يُكَلِّمُنِي كَلِمَةً وَلَا سَمِعْتُ مِنْهُ كَلِمَةً غَيْرَ اسْتِرْجَاعِهِ حَتَّى أَنَاخَ رَاحِلَتَهُ ، فَوَطِئَ عَلَى يَدِهَا ، فَرَكِبْتُهَا فَانْطَلَقَ يَقُودُ بِيَ الرَّاحِلَةَ حَتَّى أَتَيْنَا الْجَيْشَ بَعْدَ مَا نَزَلُوا مُوغِرِينَ فِي نَحْرِ الظَّهِيرَةِ ، فَهَلَكَ مَنْ هَلَكَ فِي شَأْنِي وَكَانَ الَّذِي تَوَلَّى كِبْرَهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أُبَيٍّ ابْنُ سَلُولَ ، فَقَدِمْنَا الْمَدِينَةَ فَاشْتَكَيْتُ حِينَ قَدِمْنَا الْمَدِينَةَ شَهْرًا وَالنَّاسُ يُفِيضُونَ فِي قَوْلِ أَهْلِ الْإِفْكِ وَلَا أَشْعُرُ بِشَيْءٍ مِنْ ذَلِكَ ، وَهُوَ يَرِيبُنِي فِي وَجَعِي أَنِّي لَا أَعْرِفُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ اللُّطْفَ الَّذِي كُنْتُ أَرَى مِنْهُ حِينَ أَشْتَكِي ، إِنَّمَا يَدْخُلُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَيُسَلِّمُ ، ثُمَّ يَقُولُ : كَيْفَ تِيكُمْ ، فَذَاكَ يَرِيبُنِي وَلَا أَشْعُرُ بِالشَّرِّ حَتَّى خَرَجْتُ بَعْدَ مَا نَقَهْتُ وَخَرَجَتْ مَعِي أُمُّ مِسْطَحٍ قِبَلَ الْمَنَاصِعِ وَهُوَ مُتَبَرَّزُنَا وَلَا نَخْرُجُ إِلَّا لَيْلًا إِلَى لَيْلٍ ، وَذَلِكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ نَتَّخِذَ الْكُنُفَ قَرِيبًا مِنْ بُيُوتِنَا وَأَمْرُنَا أَمْرُ الْعَرَبِ الْأُوَلِ فِي التَّنَزُّهِ ، وَكُنَّا نَتَأَذَّى بِالْكُنُفِ أَنْ نَتَّخِذَهَا عِنْدَ بُيُوتِنَا ، فَانْطَلَقْتُ أَنَا وَأُمُّ مِسْطَحٍ وَهِيَ بِنْتُ أَبِي رُهْمِ بْنِ الْمُطَّلِبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ وَأُمُّهَا ابْنَةُ صَخْرِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ خَالَةُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ ، وَابْنُهَا مِسْطَحُ بْنُ أُثَاثَةَ بْنِ عَبَّادِ بْنِ الْمُطَّلِبِ ، فَأَقْبَلْتُ أَنَا وَبِنْتُ أَبِي رُهْمٍ قِبَلَ بَيْتِي حِينَ ، فَرَغْنَا مِنْ شَأْنِنَا فَعَثَرَتْ أُمُّ مِسْطَحٍ فِي مِرْطِهَا ، فَقَالَتْ : تَعِسَ مِسْطَحٌ ، فَقُلْتُ لَهَا : بِئْسَ مَا قُلْتِ أَتَسُبِّينَ رَجُلًا قَدْ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا ، قَالَتْ : أَيْ هَنْتَاهْ أَوْ لَمْ تَسْمَعِي مَا قَالَ ؟ ، قُلْتُ : وَمَاذَا قَالَ ؟ ، قَالَتْ : فَأَخْبَرَتْنِي بِقَوْلِ أَهْلِ الْإِفْكِ فَازْدَدْتُ مَرَضًا إِلَى مَرَضِي ، فَلَمَّا رَجَعْتُ إِلَى بَيْتِي فَدَخَلَ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَسَلَّمَ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : كَيْفَ تِيكُمْ ، قُلْتُ : أَتَأْذَنُ لِي أَنْ آتِيَ أَبَوَيَّ ، قَالَتْ : وَأَنَا حِينَئِذٍ أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَتَيَقَّنَ الْخَبَرَ مِنْ قِبَلِهِمَا ، فَأَذِنَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَجِئْتُ أَبَوَيَّ ، فَقُلْتُ لِأُمِّي يَا أُمَّتَاهْ : مَا يَتَحَدَّثُ النَّاسُ ؟ ، فَقَالَتْ يَا بُنَيَّةُ : هَوِّنِي عَلَيْكِ فَوَاللَّهِ لَقَلَّمَا كَانَتِ امْرَأَةٌ قَطُّ وَضِيئَةٌ عِنْدَ رَجُلٍ يُحِبُّهَا وَلَهَا ضَرَائِرُ إِلَّا كَثَّرْنَ عَلَيْهَا ، قَالَتْ : قُلْتُ : سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ وَقَدْ تَحَدَّثَ النَّاسُ بِهَذَا ، قَالَتْ : فَبَكَيْتُ تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةَ حَتَّى أَصْبَحْتُ لَا يَرْقَأُ لِي دَمْعٌ وَلَا أَكْتَحِلُ بِنَوْمٍ ثُمَّ أَصْبَحْتُ أَبْكِي ، وَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَأُسَامَةَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ حِينَ اسْتَلْبَثَ الْوَحْيُ يَسْتَشِيرُهُمَا فِي فِرَاقِ أَهْلِهِ ، قَالَتْ : فَأَمَّا أُسَامَةُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ ، فَأَشَارَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِالَّذِي يَعْلَمُ مِنْ بَرَاءَةِ أَهْلِهِ وَبِالَّذِي يَعْلَمُ فِي نَفْسِهِ لَهُمْ مِنَ الْوُدِّ ، فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، هُمْ أَهْلُكَ وَلَا نَعْلَمُ إِلَّا خَيْرًا ، وَأَمَّا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ، فَقَالَ : لَمْ يُضَيِّقْ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ وَالنِّسَاءُ سِوَاهَا كَثِيرٌ ، وَإِنْ تَسْأَلِ الْجَارِيَةَ تَصْدُقْكَ ، قَالَتْ : فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَرِيرَةَ ، فَقَالَ أَيْ بَرِيرَةُ : هَلْ رَأَيْتِ مِنْ شَيْءٍ يَرِيبُكِ مِنْ عَائِشَةَ ؟ ، قَالَتْ لَهُ بَرِيرَةُ : وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ إِنْ رَأَيْتُ عَلَيْهَا أَمْرًا قَطُّ أَغْمِصُهُ عَلَيْهَا أَكْثَرَ مِنْ أَنَّهَا جَارِيَةٌ حَدِيثَةُ السِّنِّ تَنَامُ عَنْ عَجِينِ أَهْلِهَا ، فَتَأْتِي الدَّاجِنُ ، فَتَأْكُلُهُ ، قَالَتْ : فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ فَاسْتَعْذَرَ مِنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أُبَيٍّ ابْنِ سَلُولَ ، قَالَتْ : فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ : يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مَنْ يَعْذِرُنِي مِنْ رَجُلٍ قَدْ بَلَغَ أَذَاهُ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِي ، فَوَاللَّهِ مَا عَلِمْتُ عَلَى أَهْلِي إِلَّا خَيْرًا ، وَلَقَدْ ذَكَرُوا رَجُلًا مَا عَلِمْتُ عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا خَيْرًا ، وَمَا كَانَ يَدْخُلُ عَلَى أَهْلِي إِلَّا مَعِي ، فَقَامَ سَعْدُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ ، فَقَالَ : أَنَا أَعْذِرُكَ مِنْهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، إِنْ كَانَ مِنْ الْأَوْسِ ضَرَبْنَا عُنُقَهُ ، وَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ إِخْوَانِنَا الْخَزْرَجِ أَمَرْتَنَا ، فَفَعَلْنَا أَمْرَكَ ، قَالَتْ : فَقَامَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ وَهُوَ سَيِّدُ الْخَزْرَجِ ، وَكَانَ رَجُلًا صَالِحًا ، وَلَكِنْ اجْتَهَلَتْهُ الْحَمِيَّةُ ، فَقَالَ لِسَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ : كَذَبْتَ لَعَمْرُ اللَّهِ لَا تَقْتُلُهُ وَلَا تَقْدِرُ عَلَى قَتْلِهِ ، فَقَامَ أُسَيْدُ بْنُ حُضَيْرٍ وَهُوَ ابْنُ عَمِّ سَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ ، فَقَالَ لِسَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ : كَذَبْتَ لَعَمْرُ اللَّهِ لَنَقْتُلَنَّهُ ، فَإِنَّكَ مُنَافِقٌ تُجَادِلُ عَنِ الْمُنَافِقِينَ ، فَثَارَ الْحَيَّانِ الْأَوْسُ وَالْخَزْرَجُ حَتَّى هَمُّوا أَنْ يَقْتَتِلُوا وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَائِمٌ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ ، فَلَمْ يَزَلْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُخَفِّضُهُمْ حَتَّى سَكَتُوا وَسَكَتَ ، قَالَتْ : وَبَكَيْتُ يَوْمِي ذَلِكَ لَا يَرْقَأُ لِي دَمْعٌ وَلَا أَكْتَحِلُ بِنَوْمٍ ، ثُمَّ بَكَيْتُ لَيْلَتِي الْمُقْبِلَةَ لَا يَرْقَأُ لِي دَمْعٌ وَلَا أَكْتَحِلُ بِنَوْمٍ وَأَبَوَايَ يَظُنَّانِ أَنَّ الْبُكَاءَ ، فَالِقٌ كَبِدِي فَبَيْنَمَا هُمَا جَالِسَانِ عِنْدِي وَأَنَا أَبْكِي اسْتَأْذَنَتْ عَلَيَّ امْرَأَةٌ مِنْ الْأَنْصَارِ ، فَأَذِنْتُ لَهَا فَجَلَسَتْ تَبْكِي ، قَالَتْ : فَبَيْنَا نَحْنُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ دَخَلَ عَلَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَسَلَّمَ ثُمَّ جَلَسَ ، قَالَتْ : وَلَمْ يَجْلِسْ عِنْدِي مُنْذُ قِيلَ لِي مَا قِيلَ ، وَقَدْ لَبِثَ شَهْرًا لَا يُوحَى إِلَيْهِ فِي شَأْنِي بِشَيْءٍ ، قَالَتْ : فَتَشَهَّدَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حِينَ جَلَسَ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ يَا عَائِشَةُ : فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ بَلَغَنِي عَنْكِ كَذَا وَكَذَا ، فَإِنْ كُنْتِ بَرِيئَةً فَسَيُبَرِّئُكِ اللَّهُ ، وَإِنْ كُنْتِ أَلْمَمْتِ بِذَنْبٍ فَاسْتَغْفِرِي اللَّهَ وَتُوبِي إِلَيْهِ ، فَإِنَّ الْعَبْدَ إِذَا اعْتَرَفَ بِذَنْبٍ ثُمَّ تَابَ تَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ ، قَالَتْ : فَلَمَّا قَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَقَالَتَهُ قَلَصَ دَمْعِي حَتَّى مَا أُحِسُّ مِنْهُ قَطْرَةً ، فَقُلْتُ لِأَبِي : أَجِبْ عَنِّي رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِيمَا ، قَالَ ، فَقَالَ : وَاللَّهِ مَا أَدْرِي مَا أَقُولُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقُلْتُ لِأُمِّي : أَجِيبِي عَنِّي رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَتْ : وَاللَّهِ مَا أَدْرِي مَا أَقُولُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقُلْتُ وَأَنَا جَارِيَةٌ حَدِيثَةُ السِّنِّ : لَا أَقْرَأُ كَثِيرًا مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ إِنِّي وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ عَرَفْتُ أَنَّكُمْ قَدْ سَمِعْتُمْ بِهَذَا حَتَّى اسْتَقَرَّ فِي نُفُوسِكُمْ وَصَدَّقْتُمْ بِهِ ، فَإِنْ قُلْتُ لَكُمْ إِنِّي بَرِيئَةٌ وَاللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ أَنِّي بَرِيئَةٌ لَا تُصَدِّقُونِي بِذَلِكَ ، وَلَئِنْ اعْتَرَفْتُ لَكُمْ بِأَمْرٍ وَاللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ أَنِّي بَرِيئَةٌ لَتُصَدِّقُونَنِي ، وَإِنِّي وَاللَّهِ مَا أَجِدُ لِي وَلَكُمْ مَثَلًا إِلَّا كَمَا ، قَالَ أَبُو يُوسُفَ : فَصَبْرٌ جَمِيلٌ وَاللَّهُ الْمُسْتَعَانُ عَلَى مَا تَصِفُونَ سورة يوسف آية 18 ، قَالَتْ : ثُمَّ تَحَوَّلْتُ فَاضْطَجَعْتُ عَلَى فِرَاشِي ، قَالَتْ : وَأَنَا وَاللَّهِ حِينَئِذٍ أَعْلَمُ أَنِّي بَرِيئَةٌ ، وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ مُبَرِّئِي بِبَرَاءَتِي ، وَلَكِنْ وَاللَّهِ مَا كُنْتُ أَظُنُّ أَنْ يُنْزَلَ فِي شَأْنِي وَحْيٌ يُتْلَى ، وَلَشَأْنِي كَانَ أَحْقَرَ فِي نَفْسِي مِنْ أَنْ يَتَكَلَّمَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِيَّ بِأَمْرٍ يُتْلَى ، وَلَكِنِّي كُنْتُ أَرْجُو أَنْ يَرَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي النَّوْمِ رُؤْيَا يُبَرِّئُنِي اللَّهُ بِهَا ، قَالَتْ : فَوَاللَّهِ مَا رَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَجْلِسَهُ وَلَا خَرَجَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ أَحَدٌ حَتَّى أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَلَى نَبِيِّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَأَخَذَهُ مَا كَانَ يَأْخُذُهُ مِنَ الْبُرَحَاءِ عِنْدَ الْوَحْيِ حَتَّى إِنَّهُ لَيَتَحَدَّرُ مِنْهُ مِثْلُ الْجُمَانِ مِنَ الْعَرَقِ فِي الْيَوْمِ الشَّاتِ مِنْ ثِقَلِ ، الْقَوْلِ الَّذِي أُنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِ ، قَالَتْ : فَلَمَّا سُرِّيَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ يَضْحَكُ ، فَكَانَ أَوَّلَ كَلِمَةٍ تَكَلَّمَ بِهَا أَنْ ، قَالَ : أَبْشِرِي يَا عَائِشَةُ أَمَّا اللَّهُ ، فَقَدْ بَرَّأَكِ ، فَقَالَتْ لِي أُمِّي : قُومِي إِلَيْهِ ، فَقُلْتُ : وَاللَّهِ لَا أَقُومُ إِلَيْهِ وَلَا أَحْمَدُ إِلَّا اللَّهَ هُوَ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ بَرَاءَتِي ، قَالَتْ : فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ جَاءُوا بِالإِفْكِ عُصْبَةٌ مِنْكُمْ سورة النور آية 11 عَشْرَ آيَاتٍ ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ هَؤُلَاءِ الْآيَاتِ بَرَاءَتِي ، قَالَتْ : فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَكَانَ يُنْفِقُ عَلَى مِسْطَحٍ لِقَرَابَتِهِ مِنْهُ وَفَقْرِهِ : وَاللَّهِ لَا أُنْفِقُ عَلَيْهِ شَيْئًا أَبَدًا بَعْدَ الَّذِي ، قَالَ لِعَائِشَةَ : فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَلا يَأْتَلِ أُولُو الْفَضْلِ مِنْكُمْ وَالسَّعَةِ أَنْ يُؤْتُوا أُولِي الْقُرْبَى إِلَى قَوْلِهِ أَلا تُحِبُّونَ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ سورة النور آية 22 ، قَالَ حِبَّانُ بْنُ مُوسَى : قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ : هَذِهِ أَرْجَى آيَةٍ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : وَاللَّهِ إِنِّي لَأُحِبُّ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ اللَّهُ لِي ، فَرَجَعَ إِلَى مِسْطَحٍ النَّفَقَةَ الَّتِي كَانَ يُنْفِقُ عَلَيْهِ ، وَقَالَ : لَا أَنْزِعُهَا مِنْهُ أَبَدًا ، قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ : وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَأَلَ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتَ جَحْشٍ زَوْجَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ أَمْرِي مَا عَلِمْتِ أَوْ مَا رَأَيْتِ ؟ ، فَقَالَتْ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، أَحْمِي سَمْعِي وَبَصَرِي وَاللَّهِ مَا عَلِمْتُ إِلَّا خَيْرًا ، قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ : وَهِيَ الَّتِي كَانَتْ تُسَامِينِي مِنْ أَزْوَاجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَعَصَمَهَا اللَّهُ بِالْوَرَعِ وَطَفِقَتْ أُخْتُهَا حَمْنَةُ بِنْتُ جَحْشٍ تُحَارِبُ لَهَا ، فَهَلَكَتْ فِيمَنْ هَلَكَ " ، قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ : فَهَذَا مَا انْتَهَى إِلَيْنَا مِنْ أَمْرِ هَؤُلَاءِ الرَّهْطِ ، وقَالَ فِي حَدِيثِ يُونُسَ : احْتَمَلَتْهُ الْحَمِيَّةُ ،
Hibban bin Musa narrated to us, he said: Abdullah bin Mubarak informed us, he said: Yunus bin Yazid Aili informed us, and also Ishaq bin Ibrahim, Muhammad bin Rafi’, and ‘Abd bin Humaid narrated this (same) hadith to us. Ibn Rafi’ said: ‘Abdur Razzaq narrated to us, and the others said: he informed us. They said: Ma’mar informed us, and the latter part of the hadith is from Ma’mar’s narration, which is reported from ‘Abd bin Humaid and Muhammad bin Rafi’. Both Yunus and Ma’mar narrated from Zuhri, who said: Sa’id bin al-Musayyib, ‘Urwah bin Zubair, ‘Alqamah bin Waqqas, and ‘Ubaydullah bin ‘Abdullah bin ‘Utbah bin Mas’ud informed me about the hadith of the wife of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, ‘A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, regarding what the slanderers said about her, and Allah Almighty declared her innocence from what was said about her. All of them narrated to me a part of the hadith of ‘A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her; some of them remembered her hadith better than others. I memorized well from each of them what he narrated. The parts of their narrations support and confirm each other. All of them narrated that the wife of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, ‘A’ishah as-Siddiqah, may Allah be pleased with her, said: Whenever the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, intended to go on a journey, he would draw lots among his wives, and whichever of them the lot fell upon, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, would take her with him (on the journey). ‘A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said: He drew lots during one of the battles he fought (referring to the Battle of Banu Mustaliq, also known as the Battle of Muraysi’, which took place in 5 AH), and my name was drawn, so I set out with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him. This incident occurred after the command of hijab (veiling) had been revealed. Throughout the journey, I was carried in my howdah (litter) and was made to sit on the camel’s back in it, and I was taken down in it as well, until when the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, finished his expedition and returned, and we approached Madinah, he announced departure during the night after resting for a part of the night. When the people announced departure, I got up, walked out of the camp, and after relieving myself, I returned to the howdah. At that time, I put my hand to my neck and found that my necklace made of black and white stones from Dhafar (a city in Yemen) had broken and fallen. I went back to search for my necklace, and my search kept me there for a while. Meanwhile, the people who used to carry my howdah came, lifted it, and placed it on the camel I used to ride. They thought I was inside the howdah. ‘A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said: At that time, women were light and thin, not heavy, nor did they have much flesh; they ate only as much as would keep the breath going. When they lifted my howdah and raised it, they did not notice any difference in its weight. I was a young girl at that time. They made the camel stand and set off. I found my necklace only after the army had departed. I came to their resting place, but there was no one there to call or to answer. I headed to the place where I had stayed (in my tent) at night. I was sure that when they did not find me in the howdah, they would return for me. I sat at my place, and sleep overcame me, and I fell asleep. Safwan bin Mu’attal, who belonged to the clan of Banu Dhakwan of Banu Sulaym, had stayed behind the army at night. He set out at the end of the night and came near my place in the morning. He saw the shadow of a sleeping person and came closer and recognized me. He had seen me before the command of hijab was revealed. When he recognized me, he recited «إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَإِنَّا إِلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ» “Indeed, we belong to Allah and to Him we shall return,” and I woke up. I covered my face with my veil. By Allah, he did not speak a single word to me, nor did I hear anything from him except “Inna lillahi,” until he made his camel kneel. He stood by the front legs of the camel (so it would not move), and I mounted it. He led the camel by its rope, and we set off until we reached the army at midday, when they had stopped due to the intense heat. Then, the one who was to be ruined regarding my situation fell into ruin, and the one who bore the greatest share of the slander was (the chief of the hypocrites) ‘Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salul. We arrived in Madinah. As soon as we arrived in Madinah, I fell ill for a month. People continued to talk about the slanderers’ words, but due to my illness, I was unaware of any of it. What troubled me during my illness was that I did not receive the kindness from the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, that I used to see from him when I was sick. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, would come in, greet, and say, “How are you?” That was all that troubled me, but I did not know the real matter. Until, after much weakness, I went out with the mother of Mistah (my relative) to Manasi’, which was our place outside Madinah for relieving ourselves, and we would go out only every other night. This was before we had built private places near our houses for such needs, and our way in this matter was like that of the early Arabs; we disliked building such places near our homes. I and the mother of Mistah, who was the daughter of Abu Ruhm bin al-Muttalib bin ‘Abd Manaf, and her mother was the daughter of Sakhr bin ‘Amir and the maternal aunt of Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, and her son was Mistah bin Athathah bin ‘Ubad bin al-Muttalib. I and the daughter of Abu Ruhm (Mistah’s mother) finished our need and returned toward my house. Umm Mistah, may Allah be pleased with her, tripped over her thick woolen cloak and fell, and said, “May Mistah fall and perish!” I said to her, “You have said a terrible thing! You are cursing a man who was present at Badr.” She said, “O naive girl! Have you not heard what he has said?” I said, “What has he said?” (‘A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said:) She then told me the words of the slanderers, and my (first) illness increased with a second, even more severe illness. When I returned home, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, entered, greeted, and asked, “How are you?” I said, “Do you permit me to go to my parents?” (‘A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said:) I wanted to confirm the news from them. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, gave me permission, so I went to my parents and asked my mother, “Mother! What are people saying?” She said, “My daughter, do not trouble yourself over this matter. By Allah, it is rare that a beautiful woman is married to a man who loves her and has co-wives, but the other women talk about her.” (‘A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said:) I said, “Glory be to Allah! Are people really saying such things?” I wept all night until morning, my tears did not stop, nor did I sleep even as much as kohl remains in the eye. Then I wept through the morning. When the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, noticed the delay in the coming of revelation, he called ‘Ali bin Abi Talib and Usamah bin Zayd, may Allah be pleased with them both, to consult about separating from his wife. (‘A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said:) Usamah bin Zayd, may Allah be pleased with him, indicated what he knew of the innocence of the Prophet’s wife and their mutual love. He said, “O Messenger of Allah! She is your family, and we know nothing but good about her.” As for ‘Ali bin Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him, he said, “Allah has not put you in any difficulty. There are many women besides her. If you ask her maid, she will tell you the truth.” (‘A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said:) The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, called Barirah (the freed slave of ‘A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her) and said, “Barirah! Have you ever seen anything that made you suspicious about ‘A’ishah?” Barirah, may Allah be pleased with her, said, “By Him Who sent you with the truth! I have never seen anything about her that I could blame her for, except that she is a young girl who sometimes falls asleep and leaves her family’s dough uncovered, and the goat comes and eats it.” (‘A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said:) The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, stood on the pulpit and sought an excuse regarding ‘Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salul (for action against him). (‘A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said:) The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, stood on the pulpit and said, “O assembly of Muslims! Who will excuse me regarding a man whose harm has reached my family? By Allah, I know nothing but good about my family, and as for the man they mention, I know nothing but good about him as well. Whenever he entered my house, he entered with me.” Then Sa’d bin Mu’adh al-Ansari, may Allah be pleased with him, stood up and said, “O Messenger of Allah! I excuse you regarding him. If he is from the Aws, we will strike his neck, and if he is from our brothers the Khazraj, you will command us, and we will carry out your command.” (‘A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said:) Then Sa’d bin ‘Ubadah, may Allah be pleased with him, stood up. He was the chief of Khazraj and a righteous man, but zeal for his tribe overtook him in the days of ignorance. He said to Sa’d bin Mu’adh, may Allah be pleased with him, “By Allah’s life! You have lied. You will not kill him, nor are you able to kill him.” At this, Usayd bin Hudayr, may Allah be pleased with him, stood up. He was the cousin of Sa’d bin Mu’adh, may Allah be pleased with him. He said to Sa’d bin ‘Ubadah, may Allah be pleased with him, “You have lied! By Allah’s life, we will surely kill him. You are a hypocrite, arguing on behalf of the hypocrites.” The two tribes of Aws and Khazraj became agitated, and were about to fight each other, while the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, was standing on the pulpit. He kept calming them down until they became quiet, and he too became quiet. (‘A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said:) I wept all day, my tears did not stop, nor did I sleep even as much as kohl remains in the eye. Then I wept the next night, my tears did not stop, nor did I sleep even as much as kohl remains in the eye. My parents thought that my weeping would burst my liver. They were sitting with me while I was weeping, when a woman from the Ansar asked permission to enter. I allowed her, and she sat down and wept with me. (‘A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said:) While we were in this state, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, came in, greeted, and sat down. (‘A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said:) Since what was said about me, he had not sat with me (even when he came in). He waited a month, and no revelation came to him about me. When the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, sat down, he recited the testimony of faith, then said: “After that, O ‘A’ishah! Such-and-such has reached me about you. If you are innocent, Allah will soon declare your innocence, but if you have committed a sin, then seek forgiveness from Allah and repent to Him, for when a servant confesses his sin and repents, Allah accepts his repentance.” (‘A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said:) When the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, finished his speech, my tears stopped, so much so that I did not feel a single drop in my eyes. I said to my father, “Respond to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, on my behalf for what he has said.” He said, “By Allah, I do not know what to say to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him.” Then I said to my mother, “Respond to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, on my behalf.” She said, “By Allah, I do not know what to say to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him.” So I, though I was a young girl and did not know much of the Qur’an, said (answering myself): “By Allah, I know that you have heard this talk and it has settled in your hearts and you believe it to be true. If I say I am innocent—and Allah knows I am innocent—you will not believe me. And if I admit to something—and Allah knows I am innocent—you will believe me. I find no example for myself and you except the words of the father of Yusuf (Jacob), peace be upon him: «فَصَبْرٌ جَمِيلٌ وَاللَّهُ الْمُسْتَعَانُ عَلَىٰ مَا تَصِفُونَ» ‘So patience is most fitting, and Allah is the one sought for help against what you describe.’” (‘A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said:) Then I turned away and lay down on my bed. She said: By Allah, I knew I was innocent, and I knew that Allah would declare my innocence, but by Allah, I did not think that Allah would reveal about me a revelation that would be recited (as Qur’an), for I considered myself too insignificant for Allah to speak about me in His own words to be recited. But I hoped that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, would see a dream in which Allah would declare my innocence. (‘A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said:) By Allah, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, had not left his place, nor had any of the household left, when Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, revealed revelation to His Prophet. The state that used to come upon him during revelation came over him, so that even on a cold day, sweat would drip from him like pearls due to the weight of the revelation. She said: When the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, was relieved of that state, he was smiling, and the first thing he said was: “Rejoice, O ‘A’ishah! Allah has declared your innocence.” My mother said to me, “Get up and go to him.” I said, “By Allah, I will not get up to him, nor will I thank anyone but Allah. He is the One Who has revealed my innocence.” (‘A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said:) Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, revealed ten verses: from «إِنَّ الَّذِينَ جَاءُوا بِالْإِفْكِ عُصْبَةٌ مِنْكُمْ لَا تَحْسَبُوهُ شَرًّا لَكُمْ بَلْ هُوَ خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ» ten verses, “Indeed, those who came with the slander are a group among you. Do not think it bad for you; rather, it is good for you,” and from «وَلَا يَأْتَلِ أُولُو الْفَضْلِ مِنْكُمْ وَالسَّعَةِ أَنْ يُؤْتُوا أُولِي الْقُرْبَىٰ» to «أَلَا تُحِبُّونَ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ» “Let not those among you who are of virtue and wealth swear not to give to their relatives…” to “…Do you not love that Allah should forgive you?” Hibban bin Musa said: Abdullah bin Mubarak said: This is the most hopeful verse in the Book of Allah. At this, Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, said: By Allah, I love that Allah should forgive me, so he resumed giving to Mistah, may Allah be pleased with him, what he used to give, and said: I will never withhold it from him. (‘A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said:) The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, also asked his wife Zaynab bint Jahsh, may Allah be pleased with her, about my matter, who was the wife of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him: “What do you know or what have you seen?” She said: “O Messenger of Allah! I protect my hearing and my sight (from attributing lies to them). By Allah, I know nothing but good.” ‘A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said: She was the one among the Prophet’s wives who used to compete with me (in status and closeness), but Allah protected her due to her piety, while her sister Hamnah bint Jahsh, may Allah be pleased with her, began to fight for her sake and perished with those who perished (by committing the sin of slander). Zuhri said: This is the account that has reached us from all of them. In Yunus’s narration, it is mentioned (regarding Sa’d bin ‘Ubadah, may Allah be pleased with him): Zeal for his tribe incited him.