Musnad Ahmad

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Whoever intentionally kills a Muslim, he shall be handed over to the heirs of the slain. If they wish, they may kill him in retribution (qisas), or if they wish, they may accept blood money (diyah), which consists of 30 hiqqah, 30 jadha’ah, and 40 pregnant she-camels. This is the diyah for intentional murder. And whatever they agree upon in reconciliation, they are entitled to it, and this is a severe diyah. The diyah for quasi-intentional killing (shibh ‘amd) is also aggravated like the diyah for intentional killing, but in this case, the killer will not be killed. Its situation is such that Satan creates enmity among people and bloodshed occurs without any command or weapon. Apart from this, in whatever situation the killing occurs, it will be considered quasi-intentional, its diyah will be aggravated, and the killer will not be killed. This is due to the sanctity of the sacred months and because of neighborhood. The diyah for accidental killing (khata’) is one hundred camels, which include 30 bint makhad, 30 bint labun, 30 hiqqah, and 10 male ibn labun camels. And the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to fix its value for the city dwellers as four hundred dinars or its equivalent in silver, and the determination of the value was according to the price of camels. When the price of camels increased, the amount of diyah was increased accordingly, and when it decreased, it was also reduced. In the blessed era of the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), this value reached from four hundred dinars up to eight hundred dinars, and the equivalent value in silver reached up to eight thousand dirhams. The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) also decided: “Whoever’s diyah is due upon the owners of cows, they should give two hundred cows, and whoever’s diyah is due upon the owners of goats, they should give two thousand goats.” Regarding the nose, he decided: “If it is completely cut off, the full diyah will be due, and if only the soft part is cut, then half the diyah will be due.” The diyah for one eye is set at half, that is, fifty camels or its equivalent in gold, silver, or one hundred cows, or one thousand goats. Likewise, the diyah for one foot is half, and the diyah for one hand is also half. The diyah for a head wound reaching the brain is set at one third, that is, 33 camels or its equivalent in gold, silver, cows, or goats. The diyah for a deep wound is also set at one third. The diyah for a bone being displaced from its place is set at 15 camels, and the diyah for a wound that exposes the flesh by tearing the skin is set at five camels, and the diyah for each tooth is set at five camels.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) that a man struck another’s leg with his horn. He came to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said, “O Messenger of Allah! Grant me retribution (qisas).” The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), while deciding about it, said: “Do not act in haste, first let your wound heal.” He insisted on taking retribution immediately. The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) granted him retribution. Afterwards, the one who took retribution became lame, and the one from whom retribution was taken became well. So the one who took retribution came to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said, “O Messenger of Allah! I have become lame and he has become well?” The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: “Did I not command you that you should not take retribution until your wound heals? But you did not listen to me, so Allah distanced you and worsened your wound.” After this, the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) decided that whoever is wounded should not demand retribution until his wound heals. Yes, when the wound heals, then he may demand retribution.