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صحيح مسلم
Muslim
كتاب المساجد ومواضع الصلاةThe Book of Mosques and Places of Prayer
باب قَضَاءِ الصَّلاَةِ الْفَائِتَةِ وَاسْتِحْبَابِ تَعْجِيلِ قَضَائِهَا:Chapter: Making up a missed prayer. And it is recommended to hasten to make it up
وحَدَّثَنَا شَيْبَانُ بْنُ فَرُّوخَ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ الْمُغِيرَةِ ، حَدَّثَنَا ثَابِتٌ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ رَبَاحٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ ، قَالَ : خَطَبَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ : " إِنَّكُمْ تَسِيرُونَ عَشِيَّتَكُمْ وَلَيْلَتَكُمْ ، وَتَأْتُونَ الْمَاءَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ غَدًا ، فَانْطَلَقَ النَّاسُ ، لَا يَلْوِي أَحَدٌ عَلَى أَحَدٍ " ، قَالَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ : فَبَيْنَمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَسِيرُ ، حَتَّى ابْهَارَّ اللَّيْلُ ، وَأَنَا إِلَى جَنْبِهِ ، قَالَ : فَنَعَسَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَمَالَ عَنْ رَاحِلَتِهِ ، فَأَتَيْتُهُ فَدَعَمْتُهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ أُوقِظَهُ ، حَتَّى اعْتَدَلَ عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ ، قَالَ : ثُمَّ سَارَ حَتَّى تَهَوَّرَ اللَّيْلُ ، مَالَ عَنْ رَاحِلَتِهِ ، قَالَ : فَدَعَمْتُهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ أُوقِظَهُ ، حَتَّى اعْتَدَلَ عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ ، قَالَ : ثُمَّ سَارَ ، حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ مِنْ آخِرِ السَّحَرِ ، مَالَ مَيْلَةً هِيَ أَشَدُّ مِنَ الْمَيْلَتَيْنِ الأُولَيَيْنِ حَتَّى كَادَ يَنْجَفِلُ ، فَأَتَيْتُهُ فَدَعَمْتُهُ ، فَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ ، فَقَالَ : مَنْ هَذَا ؟ قُلْتُ : أَبُو قَتَادَةَ ، قَالَ : مَتَى كَانَ هَذَا مَسِيرَكَ مِنِّي ؟ قُلْتُ : مَا زَالَ هَذَا مَسِيرِي مُنْذُ اللَّيْلَةِ ، قَالَ : حَفِظَكَ اللَّهُ بِمَا حَفِظْتَ بِهِ نَبِيَّهُ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : هَلْ تَرَانَا نَخْفَى عَلَى النَّاسِ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : هَلْ تَرَى مِنْ أَحَدٍ ؟ قُلْتُ : هَذَا رَاكِبٌ ، ثُمَّ قُلْتُ : هَذَا رَاكِبٌ آخَرُ ، حَتَّى اجْتَمَعْنَا ، فَكُنَّا سَبْعَةَ رَكْبٍ ، قَالَ : فَمَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ الطَّرِيقِ ، فَوَضَعَ رَأْسَهُ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : احْفَظُوا عَلَيْنَا صَلَاتَنَا ، فَكَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنِ اسْتَيْقَظَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَالشَّمْسُ فِي ظَهْرِهِ ، قَالَ : فَقُمْنَا فَزِعِينَ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : ارْكَبُوا ، فَرَكِبْنَا ، فَسِرْنَا حَتَّى إِذَا ارْتَفَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ نَزَلَ ، ثُمَّ دَعَا بِمِيضَأَةٍ ، كَانَتْ مَعِي فِيهَا شَيْءٌ مِّنْ مَاءٍ ، قَالَ : فَتَوَضَّأَ مِنْهَا وُضُوءًا دُونَ وُضُوءٍ ، قَالَ : وَبَقِيَ فِيهَا شَيْءٌ مِّنْ مَاءٍ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِأَبِي قَتَادَةَ : احْفَظْ عَلَيْنَا مِيضَأَتَكَ ، فَسَيَكُونُ لَهَا نَبَأٌ ، ثُمَّ أَذَّنَ بِلَالٌ بِالصَّلَاةِ ، فَصَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى الْغَدَاةَ ، فَصَنَعَ كَمَا كَانَ يَصْنَعُ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ ، قَالَ : وَرَكِبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَرَكِبْنَا مَعَهُ ، قَالَ : فَجَعَلَ بَعْضُنَا يَهْمِسُ إِلَى بَعْضٍ ، مَا كَفَّارَةُ مَا صَنَعْنَا بِتَفْرِيطِنَا فِي صَلَاتِنَا ؟ ثُمَّ قَالَ : أَمَا لَكُمْ فِيَّ أُسْوَةٌ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : أَمَا إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ فِي النَّوْمِ تَفْرِيطٌ ، " إِنَّمَا التَّفْرِيطُ عَلَى مَنْ لَمْ يُصَلِّ الصَّلَاةَ ، حَتَّى يَجِيءَ وَقْتُ الصَّلَاةِ الأُخْرَى ، فَمَنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ ، فَلْيُصَلِّهَا حِينَ يَنْتَبِهُ لَهَا ، فَإِذَا كَانَ الْغَدُ ، فَلْيُصَلِّهَا عِنْدَ وَقْتِهَا " ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : مَا تَرَوْنَ النَّاسَ صَنَعُوا ؟ قَالَ : ثُمَّ قَالَ : أَصْبَحَ النَّاسُ فَقَدُوا نَبِيَّهُمْ ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : بَعْدَكُمْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِيُخَلِّفَكُمْ ، وَقَالَ النَّاسُ : إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَيْنَ أَيْدِيكُمْ ، فَإِنْ يُطِيعُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ يَرْشُدُوا ، قَالَ فَانْتَهَيْنَا إِلَى النَّاسِ حِينَ امْتَدَّ النَّهَارُ ، وَحَمِيَ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ ، وَهُمْ يَقُولُونَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، هَلَكْنَا ، عَطِشْنَا ، فَقَالَ : لَا هُلْكَ عَلَيْكُمْ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : أَطْلِقُوا لِي غُمَرِي ، قَالَ : وَدَعَا بِالْمِيضَأَةِ ، فَجَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَصُبُّ ، وَأَبُو قَتَادَةَ يَسْقِيهِمْ ، فَلَمْ يَعْدُ أَنْ رَأَى النَّاسُ مَاءً فِي الْمِيضَأَةِ تَكَابُّوا عَلَيْهَا ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : أَحْسِنُوا الْمَلَأَ ، كُلُّكُمْ سَيَرْوَى ، قَالَ : فَفَعَلُوا ، فَجَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَصُبُّ وَأَسْقِيهِمْ ، حَتَّى مَا بَقِيَ غَيْرِي ، وَغَيْرُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : ثُمَّ صَبَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ لِي : اشْرَبْ ، فَقُلْتُ : لَا أَشْرَبُ حَتَّى تَشْرَبَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، قَالَ : إِنَّ سَاقِيَ الْقَوْمِ آخِرُهُمْ شُرْبًا ، قَالَ : فَشَرِبْتُ ، وَشَرِبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : فَأَتَى النَّاسُ الْمَاءَ جَامِّينَ رِوَاءً ، قَالَ : فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ رَبَاحٍ : إِنِّي لَأُحَدِّثُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ فِي مَسْجِدِ الْجَامِعِ ، إِذْ قَالَ عِمْرَانُ بْنُ حُصَيْنٍ : انْظُرْ أَيُّهَا الْفَتَى ، كَيْفَ تُحَدِّثُ ، فَإِنِّي أَحَدُ الرَّكْبِ تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةَ ، قَالَ : قُلْتُ : فَأَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِالْحَدِيثِ ، فَقَالَ : مِمَّنْ أَنْتَ ؟ قُلْتُ : مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ ، قَالَ : حَدِّثْ ، فَأَنْتُمْ أَعْلَمُ بِحَدِيثِكُمْ ، قَالَ : فَحَدَّثْتُ الْقَوْمَ ، فَقَالَ عِمْرَانُ : لَقَدْ شَهِدْتُ تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةَ ، وَمَا شَعَرْتُ أَنَّ أَحَدًا حَفِظَهُ كَمَا حَفِظْتُهُ .
Thabit narrated from Abdullah bin Rabah, and he narrated from Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) addressed us and said: "You will keep traveling throughout your evening and night, and if Allah wills, you will reach water by tomorrow." The people set out, and no one even looked back at another. Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: In this state, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) kept walking until half the night had passed. I was walking by his side. He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) became drowsy and leaned to one side on his mount. I came to him and, without waking him, supported him until he sat upright on his mount. Then he continued walking until most of the night had passed, and again he leaned (to one side) on his mount. He said: I supported him without waking him until he sat upright on his mount. He said: Then he continued walking until it was the last part of the pre-dawn time, and then he leaned again, this time more than the previous two times, and it was close that he would fall from the camel. I came to him and supported him, so he raised his blessed head and said: "Who is this?" I said: Abu Qatadah. He said: "Since when have you been traveling with me like this?" I said: I have been traveling like this since the night. He said: "May Allah protect you as you have protected His Prophet." Then he said: "Do you see (that) we are hidden from the people?" Then he asked: "Do you see anyone (else)?" I said: Here is one rider. Then I said: Here is another rider, until we gathered and became seven riders. He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) moved aside from the road, then put his head down (and lay down), then said: "Take care of our prayer for us." Then the first to wake up was the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) himself, and the sun was shining on his back. He said: We stood up in a state of great anxiety. Then he said: "Mount up." We mounted and set out until, when the sun had risen high, he dismounted. Then he asked for the ablution vessel which was with me, and there was some water in it. He said: Then he performed a light ablution from it, less than a complete ablution, and some water remained in it. Then he said to me, Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him): "Keep our ablution vessel safe for us, there will be a matter concerning it." Then Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) called the adhan for prayer, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed two rak'ahs, then he led the morning prayer as he used to do. He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) mounted, and we mounted with him. He said: Some of us began whispering to each other about what expiation there was for our shortcoming in the prayer. Upon this, he said: "Is there not an example for you in my action?" Then he said: "Know that there is no shortcoming in sleep (overcoming someone). The shortcoming is for the one who does not pray until the time of the next prayer comes after waking up. Whoever does so, let him pray when he wakes up, and when the next day comes, let him pray at its time." Then he said: "What do you think the (other) people have done?" He said: Then he said: "The people, when morning came, found their Prophet missing. Abu Bakr and Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) is behind you; he would not leave you behind. (Other) people said: Indeed, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) is ahead of you. If they follow the words of Abu Bakr and Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), they will be on the right path." He said: We reached the people when the day had risen and everything was hot, and they were saying: O Messenger of Allah! We are dying of thirst. So he said: "No destruction has come upon you." Then he said: "Let my small cup come to me." He said: Then the vessel of ablution water was brought, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) kept pouring (from it into the cup), and Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) kept giving people to drink. Not much time passed before the people saw the little water left in the ablution vessel, and they crowded around it. So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Adopt a good manner, each of you will quench his thirst well." He said: The people did so, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) kept pouring water (into the cup), and I kept giving people to drink until none remained except me and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) poured water again and said to me: "Drink." I said: O Messenger of Allah! I will not drink until you drink. He said: "The one who gives water to the people drinks last among them." He said: Then I drank, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) also drank. He said: After that, the people reached the (next) water in such a state that all their vessels were filled with water and they were well satiated. (Thabit said) Abdullah bin Rabah said: I will narrate this hadith to all the people in the main mosque. Then Imran bin Husain (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O young man! Be careful how you narrate the hadith; I was also among the riders of the caravan that night. He said: I said: You know this hadith better. So he asked: Which tribe are you from? I said: From the Ansar. He said: Narrate the hadith, you are more aware of your own traditions (Among the Ansar, Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) observed the whole incident most closely, and he was with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) throughout the event, and Abdullah bin Rabah, who heard from him, was also from the Ansar.) He said: I narrated the hadith to the people, so Imran (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I was also present that night, and I do not think anyone remembered it as you have remembered it.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Maulana Abdul Aziz Alvi
Hadith Commentary:
Vocabulary of the Hadith:
(1)
لَايَلْوْي أَحَدُ عَلٰي أَحَدٍ:
No one would turn to look at another,
everyone was walking straight ahead.
(2)
أَبْهَارُ الليل:
A little of the night.
Half the night had passed.
(3)
نَعِسَ:
You (the Prophet) became drowsy.
(4)
دَعَمْتُه:
I supported you (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam),
so that you would sit up straight.
(5)
تَهَوَّرَالليل:
Most of the night had passed.
(6)
تَهَوَّرَ البِنَاء:
Derived from this,
the building began to collapse.
(7)
يَنْجَفِل:
Began to fall.
In بِمَا حَفِظْت, the "ba" is causative and "ma" is a verbal noun.
That is, due to (8)
حفظكَ:
because of your protection,
on account of your safeguarding.
(9)
رَكْبٍ:
Plural of "rākib".
Rider,
مِيْضَأَةٍ:
Water jug,
a vessel for ablution (wudu).
(10)
Ablution (wudu),
دون وضوء:
lighter than the usual ablution.
Less water was used than in a normal ablution.
(11)
يَهْمِسُ إِلٰي بَعْضٍ:
To speak softly to one another.
(12)
أُسْوَة:
Example, model.
(13)
لَيْسَ فِي النَّومِ تَفْرِيْط:
If a prayer is missed unintentionally while sleeping, it is not negligence or shortcoming.
(14)
مَاتَرَوْنَ النَّاسَ صَنَعُوا:
ثُمَّ قَالَ:
The purpose is that when the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) led the morning prayer for those companions who had been left behind after sunrise, he asked them: "What do you think the other companions think about us—where do they think we are?"
Benefits and Issues:
1.
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) took all his companions into confidence regarding the journey and fully informed them of the situation so that they would be mentally prepared. Many miracles occurred during this journey, and the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) also informed them of future events. However, this does not mean that the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) possessed such a power by which he would know the unseen.
The Messenger of Allah is under the supervision and protection of Allah.
Therefore, Allah, according to His wisdom and benefit, informs him of whatever He wills, and keeps hidden whatever He wills.
He did not inform the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) about the morning event.
The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) had appointed someone for the duty of ensuring the prayer.
Even the guard fell asleep, but the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was not informed that this event would occur, nor was he aware of his own drowsiness and the repeated support given by Abu Qatadah (radi Allahu anhu).
2.
The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), compelled by sleep, separated from his companions and lay down, and emphasized to them the importance of the prayer.
But all were overcome by sleep.
After the sun had risen considerably, the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) awoke.
However, he did not rebuke or reprimand his companions.
Rather, when the companions became worried about what expiation there was for this shortcoming, he reassured them.
3.
Abu Qatadah (radi Allahu anhu) remained with the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam).
He protected the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), so the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) acknowledged his service and made supplication of goodness for him.
4.
The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) performed the missed prayer with full attention and in congregation, and left the place of heedlessness to perform the prayer, and informed his companions.
If, due to unconsciousness or unintentional sleep, the time for prayer passes, a person is considered excused and is not sinful.
However, upon waking, he should perform the prayer, and in the future, he should pray on time and not make delay a habit.
This does not mean that he should repeat the prayer at its time the next day; deliberately delaying the prayer is not permissible.
5.
The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) performed ablution (wudu) with a small amount of water from the vessel, leaving some water in it, and informed Abu Qatadah (radi Allahu anhu) to safeguard the vessel.
This became a cause for an amazing event, and so it happened that when the noble companions (radi Allahu anhum ajma'in) complained of thirst to the point of perishing, the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said: "Be patient. You will not face any kind of destruction."
There was so much blessing in that small amount of water that all the companions were satiated from it, and when hundreds of companions, seeing the small amount of water, began to try to take it before one another, the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said: "Take the water calmly and peacefully. You will all be satiated and satisfied." And so it happened: everyone took water in turn with tranquility and all were satiated.
6.
The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) prayed behind his companions, and after the prayer, informed them of the conversation that took place among the other companions, and also clarified that Abu Bakr and Umar (radi Allahu anhum ajma'in) had spoken correctly. If people follow their advice and wait for us, that will be the correct decision and we will reach them.
7.
Since the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was giving water to the people, he drank last, and thus practically taught that:
(Sāqi al-qawm ākhiruhum sharban)
"The one who serves water to the people is the last to drink."
8.
The incident narrated by Abu Qatadah (radi Allahu anhu) occurred during a journey.
Although Imran bin Husayn (radi Allahu anhu) was also present, the incident he narrated is a separate event.
However, it is possible that both incidents occurred during the same journey.
In one incident, only seven companions were with the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), and in the other, all the companions were present, as will be mentioned in the next hadith.
9.
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) had already informed them that after midday, and after traveling through the night, they would reach water—and so it happened. When the people, after being satiated by the blessed water, set out in a state of contentment, they reached the water. In this way, all the prophecies made by the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) during the journey were fulfilled.
Vocabulary of the Hadith:
(1)
لَايَلْوْي أَحَدُ عَلٰي أَحَدٍ:
No one would turn to look at another,
everyone was walking straight ahead.
(2)
أَبْهَارُ الليل:
A little of the night.
Half the night had passed.
(3)
نَعِسَ:
You (the Prophet) became drowsy.
(4)
دَعَمْتُه:
I supported you (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam),
so that you would sit up straight.
(5)
تَهَوَّرَالليل:
Most of the night had passed.
(6)
تَهَوَّرَ البِنَاء:
Derived from this,
the building began to collapse.
(7)
يَنْجَفِل:
Began to fall.
In بِمَا حَفِظْت, the "ba" is causative and "ma" is a verbal noun.
That is, due to (8)
حفظكَ:
because of your protection,
on account of your safeguarding.
(9)
رَكْبٍ:
Plural of "rākib".
Rider,
مِيْضَأَةٍ:
Water jug,
a vessel for ablution (wudu).
(10)
Ablution (wudu),
دون وضوء:
lighter than the usual ablution.
Less water was used than in a normal ablution.
(11)
يَهْمِسُ إِلٰي بَعْضٍ:
To speak softly to one another.
(12)
أُسْوَة:
Example, model.
(13)
لَيْسَ فِي النَّومِ تَفْرِيْط:
If a prayer is missed unintentionally while sleeping, it is not negligence or shortcoming.
(14)
مَاتَرَوْنَ النَّاسَ صَنَعُوا:
ثُمَّ قَالَ:
The purpose is that when the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) led the morning prayer for those companions who had been left behind after sunrise, he asked them: "What do you think the other companions think about us—where do they think we are?"
Benefits and Issues:
1.
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) took all his companions into confidence regarding the journey and fully informed them of the situation so that they would be mentally prepared. Many miracles occurred during this journey, and the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) also informed them of future events. However, this does not mean that the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) possessed such a power by which he would know the unseen.
The Messenger of Allah is under the supervision and protection of Allah.
Therefore, Allah, according to His wisdom and benefit, informs him of whatever He wills, and keeps hidden whatever He wills.
He did not inform the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) about the morning event.
The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) had appointed someone for the duty of ensuring the prayer.
Even the guard fell asleep, but the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was not informed that this event would occur, nor was he aware of his own drowsiness and the repeated support given by Abu Qatadah (radi Allahu anhu).
2.
The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), compelled by sleep, separated from his companions and lay down, and emphasized to them the importance of the prayer.
But all were overcome by sleep.
After the sun had risen considerably, the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) awoke.
However, he did not rebuke or reprimand his companions.
Rather, when the companions became worried about what expiation there was for this shortcoming, he reassured them.
3.
Abu Qatadah (radi Allahu anhu) remained with the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam).
He protected the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), so the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) acknowledged his service and made supplication of goodness for him.
4.
The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) performed the missed prayer with full attention and in congregation, and left the place of heedlessness to perform the prayer, and informed his companions.
If, due to unconsciousness or unintentional sleep, the time for prayer passes, a person is considered excused and is not sinful.
However, upon waking, he should perform the prayer, and in the future, he should pray on time and not make delay a habit.
This does not mean that he should repeat the prayer at its time the next day; deliberately delaying the prayer is not permissible.
5.
The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) performed ablution (wudu) with a small amount of water from the vessel, leaving some water in it, and informed Abu Qatadah (radi Allahu anhu) to safeguard the vessel.
This became a cause for an amazing event, and so it happened that when the noble companions (radi Allahu anhum ajma'in) complained of thirst to the point of perishing, the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said: "Be patient. You will not face any kind of destruction."
There was so much blessing in that small amount of water that all the companions were satiated from it, and when hundreds of companions, seeing the small amount of water, began to try to take it before one another, the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said: "Take the water calmly and peacefully. You will all be satiated and satisfied." And so it happened: everyone took water in turn with tranquility and all were satiated.
6.
The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) prayed behind his companions, and after the prayer, informed them of the conversation that took place among the other companions, and also clarified that Abu Bakr and Umar (radi Allahu anhum ajma'in) had spoken correctly. If people follow their advice and wait for us, that will be the correct decision and we will reach them.
7.
Since the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was giving water to the people, he drank last, and thus practically taught that:
(Sāqi al-qawm ākhiruhum sharban)
"The one who serves water to the people is the last to drink."
8.
The incident narrated by Abu Qatadah (radi Allahu anhu) occurred during a journey.
Although Imran bin Husayn (radi Allahu anhu) was also present, the incident he narrated is a separate event.
However, it is possible that both incidents occurred during the same journey.
In one incident, only seven companions were with the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), and in the other, all the companions were present, as will be mentioned in the next hadith.
9.
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) had already informed them that after midday, and after traveling through the night, they would reach water—and so it happened. When the people, after being satiated by the blessed water, set out in a state of contentment, they reached the water. In this way, all the prophecies made by the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) during the journey were fulfilled.
Source: Tuhfat al-Muslim: Commentary on Sahih Muslim, Page: 1562
