صحيح مسلم
Muslim
كتاب المساجد ومواضع الصلاةThe Book of Mosques and Places of Prayer
باب قَضَاءِ الصَّلاَةِ الْفَائِتَةِ وَاسْتِحْبَابِ تَعْجِيلِ قَضَائِهَا:Chapter: Making up a missed prayer. And it is recommended to hasten to make it up
Hadith 680
حَدَّثَنِي حَرْمَلَةُ بْنُ يَحْيَى التُّجِيبِيُّ ، أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ ، أَخْبَرَنِي يُونُسُ ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ، " أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، حِينَ قَفَلَ مِنْ غَزْوَةِ خَيْبَرَ ، سَارَ لَيْلَهُ حَتَّى إِذَا أَدْرَكَهُ الْكَرَى عَرَّسَ ، وَقَالَ لِبِلَالٍ : اكْلَأْ لَنَا اللَّيْلَ ، فَصَلَّى بِلَالٌ مَا قُدِّرَ لَهُ ، وَنَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَصْحَابُهُ ، فَلَمَّا تَقَارَبَ الْفَجْرُ ، اسْتَنَدَ بِلَالٌ إِلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ مُوَاجِهَ الْفَجْرِ ، فَغَلَبَتْ بِلَالًا عَيْنَاهُ ، وَهُوَ مُسْتَنِدٌ إِلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ ، فَلَمْ يَسْتَيْقِظْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَلَا بِلَالٌ وَلَا أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ ، حَتَّى ضَرَبَتْهُمُ الشَّمْسُ ، فَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَوَّلَهُمُ اسْتِيقَاظًا ، فَفَزِعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ : أَيْ بِلَالُ ؟ فَقَالَ بِلَالٌ : أَخَذَ بِنَفْسِي ، الَّذِي أَخَذَ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي ، يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ بِنَفْسِكَ ، قَالَ : اقْتَادُوا ، فَاقْتَادُوا رَوَاحِلَهُمْ شَيْئًا ، ثُمَّ تَوَضَّأَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَأَمَرَ بِلَالًا فَأَقَامَ الصَّلَاةَ ، فَصَلَّى بِهِمُ الصُّبْحَ ، فَلَمَّا قَضَى الصَّلَاةَ ، قَالَ : مَنْ نَسِيَ الصَّلَاةَ فَلْيُصَلِّهَا ، إِذَا ذَكَرَهَا ، فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ ، قَالَ : وَأَقِمِ الصَّلاةَ لِذِكْرِي سورة طه آية 14 " ، قَالَ يُونُسُ : وَكَانَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ يَقْرَؤُهَا : لِلذِّكْرَى .
Abu Hurairah (RA) reported that when the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) returned from the expedition to Khaibar, he traveled one night, and stopped for rest when he became sleepy. He told Bilal (RA) to remain on guard during the night and he ( Bilal (RA) ) prayed as much as he could, while the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and his Companions slept. When the time for dawn approached Bilal (RA) leaned against his camel facing the direction from which the dawn would appear but he was overcome by sleep while he was leaning against his camel, and neither the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) nor Bilal (RA) , nor anyone else among his Companions got up, till the sun shone on them. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) was the first of them to awake and, being startled, he called to Bilal (RA) who said: Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) I may my father and mother be offered as ransom for thee, the same thing overpowered me which overpowered you. He (the Holy Prophet, then) said: Lead the beasts on: so they led their camels to some distance. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) then performed ablution and gave orders to Bilal (RA) who pronounced when he hears the Iqamah and then led them in the morning prayer. When he finished the prayer he said: When anyone forgets the prayer, he should observe it when he remembers it, for Allah has said: "And observe the prayer for remembrance of Me" (Qur'an. xx. 14). Yunus said: Ibn Shilab used to recite it like this :"(And observe the prayer) for remembrance."
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وحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ ، وَيَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الدَّوْرَقِيُّ كلاهما ، عَنْ يَحْيَى ، قَالَ ابْنُ حَاتِمٍ : حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ كَيْسَانَ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو حَازِمٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ، قَالَ : عَرَّسْنَا مَعَ نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَلَمْ نَسْتَيْقِظْ حَتَّى طَلَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " لِيَأْخُذْ كُلُّ رَجُلٍ بِرَأْسِ رَاحِلَتِهِ ، فَإِنَّ هَذَا مَنْزِلٌ حَضَرَنَا ، فِيهِ الشَّيْطَانُ ، قَالَ : فَفَعَلْنَا ، ثُمَّ دَعَا بِالْمَاءِ ، فَتَوَضَّأَ ، ثُمَّ سَجَدَ سَجْدَتَيْنِ ، وَقَالَ يَعْقُوبُ : ثُمَّ صَلَّى سَجْدَتَيْنِ ، ثُمَّ أُقِيمَتِ الصَّلَاةُ ، فَصَلَّى الْغَدَاةَ " .
Abu Hurairah (RA) reported: We stopped for rest along with the Apostle of Allah (ﷺ) and did not awake till the sun rose. The Apostle of Allah (ﷺ) then told us that everybody should take hold of his camel's nose string (get out of this ground) for it was the place where devil had visited us. We did accordingly. He then called for water and performed ablution and then performed two prostrations. Ya'qub said: Then he prayed (performed) two prostrations. then takbir was pronounced for prayer and then he offered the morning prayer (in congregation).
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Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Maulana Abdul Aziz Alvi
Hadith Commentary:
Benefits and Issues:
Bilal (radi Allahu anhu) made this claim with great confidence that you (all) may sleep; I will wake you up. It appears that he did not say "in sha Allah" (if Allah wills). Therefore, just as sleep overcame the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) and his companions, it also overcame him. When the sun had risen and the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was the first to awaken, he felt regret over the missed prayer. The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) asked Bilal (radi Allahu anhu), "What did you do?" He excused himself, saying that he did not do so intentionally. It was as Allah willed. The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) then ordered that they leave the land which had caused this heedlessness, and after moving forward, he first made arrangements for the prayer. For this reason, one should try to perform a missed (qada) prayer as soon as possible. As much as possible, one should avoid places that cause a person to become heedless of religious matters.
Benefits and Issues:
Bilal (radi Allahu anhu) made this claim with great confidence that you (all) may sleep; I will wake you up. It appears that he did not say "in sha Allah" (if Allah wills). Therefore, just as sleep overcame the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) and his companions, it also overcame him. When the sun had risen and the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was the first to awaken, he felt regret over the missed prayer. The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) asked Bilal (radi Allahu anhu), "What did you do?" He excused himself, saying that he did not do so intentionally. It was as Allah willed. The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) then ordered that they leave the land which had caused this heedlessness, and after moving forward, he first made arrangements for the prayer. For this reason, one should try to perform a missed (qada) prayer as soon as possible. As much as possible, one should avoid places that cause a person to become heedless of religious matters.
Source: Tuhfat al-Muslim: Commentary on Sahih Muslim, Page: 1560
Hafiz Muhammad Ameen
619. Commentary: «وَأَقِمِ الصَّلاةَ لِذِكْرِي» [طه20 : 14] One of its meanings is: “Establish the prayer for My remembrance.” Another translation has been mentioned in the hadith. In one recitation, it is also read as «للذكري». Its meaning is: when you remember (the prayer), or its meaning is: for the purpose of obtaining admonition.
Source: Sunan Nasa'i: Translation and Benefits by Shaykh Hafiz Muhammad Amin Hafizullah, Page: 619
Maulana Ataullah Sajid
Commentary:
➊ In the view of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, prayer (salah) held such importance that even during travel, at times of fatigue and while resting, his concern was that the prayer should not be missed. Therefore, he assigned a regular duty to Bilal radi Allahu anhu so that the Fajr prayer would be performed on time.
➋ Bilal radi Allahu anhu made every effort to fulfill his responsibilities. One aspect was that he spent the remaining night in prayer so that he would not fall asleep, and then, as the time for the call to prayer (adhan) approached, he sat facing the east with full alertness so that as soon as true dawn appeared, he could give the adhan. From this, it is understood that whoever is entrusted with a communal task should strive to fulfill it in the best possible manner.
➌ The leader of any nation or group should, if there is any disruption in a communal task, question the person responsible so that others may avoid negligence in their duties.
➍ If it is known that the disruption in the task was not due to the responsible person's carelessness or deliberate negligence, then his excuse should be accepted and he should not be further reprimanded.
➎ The wisdom in moving the caravan from that place and stopping a little further could be that laziness would be dispelled and all individuals would become alert and active, so that the effects of sleepiness and lethargy would not remain during the prayer.
➏ A missed (qada) prayer can also be performed in congregation.
➐ There are two recitations (qira'at) of the verse mentioned in the hadith, and both are correct. The first recitation, which is prevalent among us, is:
﴿وَاَقِمِ الصَّلٰوةَ لِذکْري﴾
Its meaning is that the real purpose of prayer is the remembrance of Allah; therefore, it is necessary to perform the prayer with full attention. The second recitation,
﴿وَاَقِمِ الصَّلٰوةَ لِلذِّکْرٰي﴾
serves as evidence for the issue under discussion. In this case, its meaning can also be "for admonition," or "for remembrance," or "at the time of remembrance." In the hadith, this last meaning is intended. Based on this, the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam explained the ruling that if, for any reason, a person forgets to perform the prayer, then as soon as he remembers, he should perform it immediately; it is not appropriate to delay further without reason.
➊ In the view of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, prayer (salah) held such importance that even during travel, at times of fatigue and while resting, his concern was that the prayer should not be missed. Therefore, he assigned a regular duty to Bilal radi Allahu anhu so that the Fajr prayer would be performed on time.
➋ Bilal radi Allahu anhu made every effort to fulfill his responsibilities. One aspect was that he spent the remaining night in prayer so that he would not fall asleep, and then, as the time for the call to prayer (adhan) approached, he sat facing the east with full alertness so that as soon as true dawn appeared, he could give the adhan. From this, it is understood that whoever is entrusted with a communal task should strive to fulfill it in the best possible manner.
➌ The leader of any nation or group should, if there is any disruption in a communal task, question the person responsible so that others may avoid negligence in their duties.
➍ If it is known that the disruption in the task was not due to the responsible person's carelessness or deliberate negligence, then his excuse should be accepted and he should not be further reprimanded.
➎ The wisdom in moving the caravan from that place and stopping a little further could be that laziness would be dispelled and all individuals would become alert and active, so that the effects of sleepiness and lethargy would not remain during the prayer.
➏ A missed (qada) prayer can also be performed in congregation.
➐ There are two recitations (qira'at) of the verse mentioned in the hadith, and both are correct. The first recitation, which is prevalent among us, is:
﴿وَاَقِمِ الصَّلٰوةَ لِذکْري﴾
Its meaning is that the real purpose of prayer is the remembrance of Allah; therefore, it is necessary to perform the prayer with full attention. The second recitation,
﴿وَاَقِمِ الصَّلٰوةَ لِلذِّکْرٰي﴾
serves as evidence for the issue under discussion. In this case, its meaning can also be "for admonition," or "for remembrance," or "at the time of remembrance." In the hadith, this last meaning is intended. Based on this, the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam explained the ruling that if, for any reason, a person forgets to perform the prayer, then as soon as he remembers, he should perform it immediately; it is not appropriate to delay further without reason.
Source: Commentary on Sunan Ibn Mājah by Mawlānā ‘Atā’ullāh Sājid, Page: 697
