مصنف ابن ابي شيبه
Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah
كتاب الدياتBook of Blood Money
قوله (تعالى): ﴿وإن كان من قوم بينكم وبينهم ميثاق﴾Explanation of Allah's Statement: 'If He Belongs to a People with Whom You Have a Treaty'
Hadith 29850
٢٩٨٥٠ - حدثنا أبو بكر قال: حدثنا جرير عن مغيرة عن إبراهيم في قوله (تعالى) (١): ﴿وَمَنْ قَتَلَ مُؤْمِنًا خَطَأً فَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُؤْمِنَةٍ وَدِيَةٌ مُسَلَّمَةٌ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ﴾ وإذا قُتل المسلم فهذا له ولورثته المسلمين، ﴿فَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ قَوْمٍ عَدُوٍّ لَكُمْ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ﴾ الرجل (المسلم) (٢) يقتل وقومه مشركون، ليس بينهم وبين رسول اللَّه ﷺ عهد (فعليه تحرير رقبة ⦗٣٠٧⦘ مؤمنة) وأن قُتل (مسلمُ) (٣) من قوم مشركين بينهم وبين رسول اللَّه ﷺ عهد [فعليه تحرير رقبة مؤمنة، ويؤدي ديته إلى قومه الذين بينهم وبين رسول اللَّه ﷺ عهد] (٤). فيكون ميراثه للمسلمين، ويكون عقله (لقومه المشركين) (٥) الذين بينهم وبين رسول اللَّه ﷺ عهد، فيرث المسلمون ميراثه، ويكون عقله (لقومه) (٦)؛ لأنهم يعقلون عنه.
Hazrat Mughira narrates that regarding the saying of Allah, the Lord of Majesty: "And whoever kills a believer by mistake, then he must free a believing slave and pay the blood money to the heirs of the slain," about this verse, Ibrahim said: When a Muslim is killed, this ruling is for him and his Muslim heirs. And regarding the verse: "And if the slain is from a people who are enemies to you and he is a believer," he said: That Muslim man who is killed while his people are polytheists and there is no treaty between them and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), then it is obligatory upon him to free a believing slave. And if he killed a Muslim whose people were polytheists and there was a treaty between that people and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), then it is necessary for him to free a believing slave and pay the blood money to that people with whom there was a treaty between them and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and his inheritance will be for the Muslims. And his blood money will be for that polytheist people with whom there was a treaty between them and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Thus, the Muslims will inherit from him, and his blood money will be for his people, because they are the ones who will pay the blood money on his behalf.
