Bukhari

Hadith Commentary:

It is said that a written document regarding this matter was prepared. It was written by Mansur bin ‘Akrama. Allah, the Exalted, caused his hand to become paralyzed. When the Banu Hashim and Banu Muttalib heard about this agreement, they became anxious, but by Allah’s power, termites ate up the document of this agreement, which was hanging in the Sacred Ka‘bah. Only that part of the paper remained where the name of Allah was written.

The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) informed Abu Talib of this. Abu Talib said to those disbelievers, “My nephew says: Go and look at that document. If his statement proves true, then refrain from harming him. If it proves false, then I will hand him over to you, and then you may do as you wish.” The Quraysh went and saw, and it was exactly as the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) had said: the termites had eaten away the entire writing, and only the name of Allah remained. At that, they became very ashamed.

When the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) descended at that place, he thanked Allah and remembered that there was a day when things were as they were, and today Islam rules over Makkah.

Hadith Commentary:
(1)
After completing Hajj, the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) chose the location of Khayf Banu Kinana to express gratitude to Allah Almighty, because it was at this very place that the disbelievers of Makkah had made an agreement to thwart the Messenger of Allah’s (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) call. However, Allah Almighty foiled their intentions and granted success to His Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam).
There was a time when you were extremely helpless, leaving Makkah at night in secrecy, but today Allah Almighty had granted you the rule of Makkah.

(2)
When the disbelievers of Quraysh learned that the king of Abyssinia had greatly honored those who had migrated from Makkah, they were deeply distressed.
In reaction, they drafted a boycott agreement against Banu Hashim, stating that they would not associate with them, nor buy or sell with them, nor marry among them, until they handed over the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) to them. They then hung this document inside the Ka‘bah, and in the seventh year of Prophethood, as a result of this boycott, Banu Hashim were confined to the valley of Abu Talib.
Banu Muttalib also joined Abu Talib in that valley.
For three years, traders ceased to visit them, to the extent that they endured severe hardship.
Allah Almighty informed the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) by revelation that the words of oppression and injustice in the document had been eaten away by termites, and only the name of Allah remained.
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) mentioned this to his uncle Abu Talib, who then said to the disbelievers of Quraysh, “Go and look at your agreement.”
“If it is intact, I will hand over my nephew to you.” So when they examined the document, the statement of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) proved true.
Except for the name of Allah, the entire writing had been eaten away by termites.
Upon witnessing this, the disbelievers of Quraysh were greatly ashamed and were compelled to end the boycott. Thus, in the tenth year of Prophethood, Banu Hashim and others emerged from the valley of Abu Talib.
(Al-Sunan al-Kubra lil-Bayhaqi: 365/6)

(3)
Imam Bukhari (rahimahullah) considered Banu al-Muttalib to be closer to the reality than Banu Abd al-Muttalib, because Abd al-Muttalib is the son of Hashim, and Muttalib is the brother of Hashim, and both are sons of Abd Manaf. In short, the disbelievers of Quraysh had sworn to economically boycott the Banu Abd Manaf, and they are Banu Hashim and Banu Muttalib, not Banu Abd al-Muttalib.
And Allah knows best.

(4)
It should be noted that the person who wrote this document was Mansur ibn ‘Ikrimah ‘Abdari, whose hand became paralyzed.

Hadith Commentary:
Here, he descended in order to manifest Allah’s favor: that there was a time when Banu Hashim were so overpowered and intimidated by the disbelievers of Quraysh, and then suddenly Allah showed such a day that all the disbelievers of Quraysh were subdued and Allah made Islam dominant.

From this, it is also established that remembering the most important historical sites is permissible.

Hadith Commentary:
1.
The meaning of "Kheef" is the slope of a mountain, that is, the place where one descends from a large mountain.
By this is meant the valley of Muhassab, which was famous by the name "Kheef Banu Kinana."
There, the Quraysh and Kinana made a pact with each other to boycott Banu Hashim, agreeing that until they handed over the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) to them, they would neither buy nor sell with them, nor establish marital relations.
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) stayed there, that is, in Kheef Banu Kinana, to express gratitude to Allah because Makkah was conquered, Allah Almighty granted dominance to Islam, and the disbelief for which the disbelievers had made such elaborate arrangements was proven false.
(Fath al-Bari: 20/8. )
In which journey did the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) say these words? There are different narrations regarding this.
From the mentioned narration, it appears that it was the incident of the conquest of Makkah, whereas in a previous narration it was stated that the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said these words in Mina on the day after Yawm al-Nahr (the Day of Sacrifice).
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Book of Hajj, Hadith: 1590. )
It is possible that he said this on both occasions.
(Fath al-Bari: 20/8. )
And Allah knows best.

Hadith Commentary:
➊
The Valley of Muhassab is located between Makkah Mukarramah and Mina.
There, the Quraysh had sworn oaths regarding boycotting Banu Hashim and Banu Muttalib.
They had made a mutual agreement that they would not engage in buying and selling, marriage, socializing, or any dealings with them until they handed over the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) to them.
They wrote this agreement of boycott and hung it inside the House of Allah (Baytullah).
Its explanation is found in the Book of Hajj.
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Hajj, Hadith: 1590)

➋
In this hadith, it is clarified that the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) had said this during his stay in Mina on the twelfth of Dhul-Hijjah.
In one narration it is mentioned:
On the occasion of the Conquest of Makkah, the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) had expressed this resolve.
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Manaqib al-Ansar, Hadith: 3882)
From these narrations, it is understood that the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) expressed this resolve on both the occasion of the Farewell Pilgrimage (Hajjat al-Wada') and the Conquest of Makkah.
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) made his resolve dependent upon the will of Allah Ta'ala, then Allah Ta'ala provided the means and resources for it.
If Allah Ta'ala wills, He can make a possible and easy matter impossible and difficult, because the system of the universe is dependent upon His will.
And Allah knows best.

Hadith Commentary:
"Khayf" refers to a place that is higher than ordinary ground but somewhat lower than a mountain. Masjid Khayf is situated at such a location. At one time, the disbelievers of Makkah, out of enmity for Islam, swore oaths at this very spot. Allah humbled their arrogance and granted honor to Islam. The Quraysh had sworn that they would not rest until they expelled the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) along with his entire clan, Banu Hashim and Banu Muttalib, from Makkah. Eventually, the day came when they themselves were destroyed, and the banner of Islam was raised over Makkah.
It is true:
﴿ وَقُلْ جَاءَ الْحَقُّ وَزَهَقَ الْبَاطِلُ إِنَّ الْبَاطِلَ كَانَ زَهُوقًا﴾ ( Surah Al-Isra: 81)
If Muslims today also become true Muslims, then divine help from Allah is ready to assist them.

Hadith Commentary:
The correspondence between the chapter and the hadith is evident in that the polytheists had made a firm pact upon disbelief at the valley of Banu Kinana, which Allah later shattered, and their descendants entered into Islam.

Hadith Commentary:
1.
At this point, this narration has been mentioned in a brief form.
In one narration, it is stated that the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said these words upon entering Makkah.
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Book of Hajj, Hadith: 1589)
Therefore, it is possible that he (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said this in the year of the Conquest of Makkah.
In another narration, it is mentioned that the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said these words the day after Yawm al-Nahr (the Day of Sacrifice): "Tomorrow we will camp at Khayf Bani Kinana."
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Book of Hajj, Hadith: 1590)
From this, it is understood that he (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said these words on the occasion of the Farewell Pilgrimage (Hajjat al-Wada‘), when he had planned to go to Makkah for the Farewell Tawaf (Tawaf al-Wada‘).
It appears that he (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said this on both occasions: at the time of the Conquest of Makkah and during the Farewell Pilgrimage.
(Fath al-Bari: 7/242)
2.
According to Imam al-Bukhari (rahimahullah), the incident of the Banu Hashim ceasing mutual alliance (muwalat) was not in accordance with the stipulated conditions; therefore, he sufficed with mentioning the aforementioned hadith, because this hadith, based on the incident, indicates that the people of Maghazi (biographers of the Prophet’s expeditions) have narrated the incident as an explanation of this hadith—that the polytheists (mushrikin) had sworn oaths to persist in their disbelief.
In any case, Allah, the Exalted, delivered His Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) from those difficult circumstances which the disbelievers of Quraysh had created.

Hadith Commentary: Benefits and Issues: During the Farewell Pilgrimage (Hajjat al-Wada‘), when the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was returning towards Madinah, he performed the Zuhr (noon), ‘Asr (afternoon), Maghrib (evening), and ‘Isha’ (night) prayers in the valley of Muhassab, and then, before morning, departed from there and performed the Farewell Tawaf (circumambulation) of the House of Allah (Bayt Allah).