Text and Explanation
It is narrated in Abu Dawud from Abdullah bin Abbas (رضي الله عنهما) that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:"The fingers are equal, and the teeth are equal; the front teeth and the molars are equal. This and that are equal."
(Sunan Abu Dawud, Hadith 4559; Ibn Majah, Hadith 3650; Ibn Hibban, Hadith 5982)
It is also narrated:
"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) made the fingers of the hands and feet equal (in value)."
(Sunan Abu Dawud, Hadith 4561; Jami' al-Tirmidhi, Hadith 1391)
Authentication:
These Ahadith are Sahih (authentic).
Important Points
➊ Blood Money (Diyah) is obligatory for teeth as well.Whether it is an incisor (front tooth), canine, molar, or premolar, the compensation is the same, even if the functional value differs.
➋ Equal Compensation:
Regardless of the different roles or usefulness of each type of tooth, their Diyah remains equal in Shari'ah.
➌ Specific Amount:
For breaking each tooth, the Diyah is ten camels.
➍ Equality in Fingers:
Whether it is a small or large finger, of the hand or the foot, the compensation for each is the same – ten camels per finger – regardless of their size or benefit.
➎ Diyah is Fixed by Shari'ah:
The amounts prescribed for Diyah are fixed by Islamic law and cannot be altered based on personal judgment or the perceived utility of the injured part.
Note:
This material is taken from "Ḍiyā' al-Islām fī Sharḥ al-Ilmām bi-Aḥādīth al-Aḥkām" authored by Sheikh Taqi al-Din Abu al-Fatḥ, translated by Maulana Mahmood Ahmad Ghaznavi (رحمه الله).
