By: Ubaidullah Tahir (Hafizahullah)
Abu Juhaifah (رضي الله عنه) narrates that the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) established brotherhood between Salman (رضي الله عنه) and Abu ad-Darda (رضي الله عنه). One day, Salman (رضي الله عنه) visited Abu ad-Darda (رضي الله عنه) and observed that his wife, Umm ad-Darda (رضي الله عنها), was wearing worn-out clothes. He inquired about her condition, and she replied, "Your brother, Abu ad-Darda, has no concern for worldly matters."
When Abu ad-Darda (رضي الله عنه) arrived, he presented food to Salman (رضي الله عنه) and invited him to eat. Salman (رضي الله عنه) asked him to eat as well, but Abu ad-Darda (رضي الله عنه) responded, "I am fasting." Salman (رضي الله عنه) insisted, "I will not eat unless you eat." So, Abu ad-Darda (رضي الله عنه) broke his fast and ate.
Later that night, Abu ad-Darda (رضي الله عنه) arose to pray, but Salman (رضي الله عنه) advised him to sleep. He got up again, and Salman (رضي الله عنه) told him once more to sleep. In the final part of the night, Salman (رضي الله عنه) said, "Now get up," and they both performed prayer. Salman (رضي الله عنه) then told him:
"Indeed, your Lord has a right over you, your soul has a right over you, and your family has a right over you—so give each their due right."
When this incident was brought before the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم), he said: "Salman has spoken the truth."
[Sahih al-Bukhari 1968]
However, Imam Abu Hanifah (رحمه الله) and Imam Malik (رحمه الله) are of the opinion that qada is obligatory.
The view of the majority is considered more appropriate, as there is no authentic hadith that establishes the obligation of qada for a broken nafl fast.
For further details, refer to:
[al-Jami' al-Kamil fi al-Hadith al-Sahih al-Shamil 4/673–678]
❀ Narration Regarding the Breaking of a Voluntary Fast
❀ «عن ابي جحيفة رضى الله عنه، قال:” آخى النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم بين سلمان، وابي الدرداء رضى الله عنه... فقال النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم: صدق سلمان.»Abu Juhaifah (رضي الله عنه) narrates that the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) established brotherhood between Salman (رضي الله عنه) and Abu ad-Darda (رضي الله عنه). One day, Salman (رضي الله عنه) visited Abu ad-Darda (رضي الله عنه) and observed that his wife, Umm ad-Darda (رضي الله عنها), was wearing worn-out clothes. He inquired about her condition, and she replied, "Your brother, Abu ad-Darda, has no concern for worldly matters."
When Abu ad-Darda (رضي الله عنه) arrived, he presented food to Salman (رضي الله عنه) and invited him to eat. Salman (رضي الله عنه) asked him to eat as well, but Abu ad-Darda (رضي الله عنه) responded, "I am fasting." Salman (رضي الله عنه) insisted, "I will not eat unless you eat." So, Abu ad-Darda (رضي الله عنه) broke his fast and ate.
Later that night, Abu ad-Darda (رضي الله عنه) arose to pray, but Salman (رضي الله عنه) advised him to sleep. He got up again, and Salman (رضي الله عنه) told him once more to sleep. In the final part of the night, Salman (رضي الله عنه) said, "Now get up," and they both performed prayer. Salman (رضي الله عنه) then told him:
"Indeed, your Lord has a right over you, your soul has a right over you, and your family has a right over you—so give each their due right."
When this incident was brought before the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم), he said: "Salman has spoken the truth."
[Sahih al-Bukhari 1968]
✿ Ruling on Breaking a Voluntary Fast
Note: According to the majority of scholars, if a person observing a voluntary (nafl) fast breaks it—whether due to a valid excuse or even without one—making up (qada) for that fast is not obligatory.However, Imam Abu Hanifah (رحمه الله) and Imam Malik (رحمه الله) are of the opinion that qada is obligatory.
The view of the majority is considered more appropriate, as there is no authentic hadith that establishes the obligation of qada for a broken nafl fast.
For further details, refer to:
[al-Jami' al-Kamil fi al-Hadith al-Sahih al-Shamil 4/673–678]
