This excerpt is taken from the book of Fazilat al-Sheikh Mubashir Ahmad Rabbani, may Allah have mercy on him, Ahkam and Masail of Ramadan.
Compensation for Missing Fasts Due to Excuse :.
Question :.
I missed two fasts in Ramadan 1395 AH but did not make them up until Ramadan 96 AH came, and then I also did not keep three fasts in Ramadan 96 AH, and then in Muharram 97 AH, I made up five consecutive days. In this case, is there a need to pay compensation?
Fatwa :.
If you have missed the mentioned fasts due to a valid excuse, then you are only required to make up for those fasts that you have missed, as Allah says:
فَمَن كَانَ مِنكُمْ مَّرِيضًا أَوْ عَلَى سَفَرٍ فَعِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَيَّامٍ أُخَرَ
Reference: (Surah Al-Baqarah: 184)
"So whoever among you is ill or on a journey, then an equal number of other days."
And if you have missed the fasts without any (Shari) excuse, then in addition to making them up, repentance is also necessary because it is not permissible to miss the fasts of Ramadan without a valid excuse. There is no expiation for the fasts you missed in Ramadan of 96 AH. However, for the two fasts you missed in Ramadan of 95 AH, there is both a make-up and an expiation, which is to feed a poor person for each day missed, because you delayed them without a valid excuse until the Ramadan of 1396 AH arrived. The amount of food is that you should feed each poor person half a sa' of the food that is commonly eaten in your city, but remember that this is the case if the reason for missing your fasts was not sexual intercourse. If the reason was sexual intercourse, then in addition to making them up, expiation is also required. The expiation is to free a believing slave for each day, if that is not possible, then to fast for two consecutive months, and if you are unable to fast, then to feed sixty poor people.
Question :.
I missed two fasts in Ramadan 1395 AH but did not make them up until Ramadan 96 AH came, and then I also did not keep three fasts in Ramadan 96 AH, and then in Muharram 97 AH, I made up five consecutive days. In this case, is there a need to pay compensation?
Fatwa :.
If you have missed the mentioned fasts due to a valid excuse, then you are only required to make up for those fasts that you have missed, as Allah says:
فَمَن كَانَ مِنكُمْ مَّرِيضًا أَوْ عَلَى سَفَرٍ فَعِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَيَّامٍ أُخَرَ
Reference: (Surah Al-Baqarah: 184)
"So whoever among you is ill or on a journey, then an equal number of other days."
And if you have missed the fasts without any (Shari) excuse, then in addition to making them up, repentance is also necessary because it is not permissible to miss the fasts of Ramadan without a valid excuse. There is no expiation for the fasts you missed in Ramadan of 96 AH. However, for the two fasts you missed in Ramadan of 95 AH, there is both a make-up and an expiation, which is to feed a poor person for each day missed, because you delayed them without a valid excuse until the Ramadan of 1396 AH arrived. The amount of food is that you should feed each poor person half a sa' of the food that is commonly eaten in your city, but remember that this is the case if the reason for missing your fasts was not sexual intercourse. If the reason was sexual intercourse, then in addition to making them up, expiation is also required. The expiation is to free a believing slave for each day, if that is not possible, then to fast for two consecutive months, and if you are unable to fast, then to feed sixty poor people.
I missed two fasts in Ramadan 1395 AH but did not make them up until Ramadan 96 AH came, and then I also did not keep three fasts in Ramadan 96 AH, and then in Muharram 97 AH, I made up five consecutive days. In this case, is there a need to pay compensation?
Fatwa :.
If you have missed the mentioned fasts due to a valid excuse, then you are only required to make up for those fasts that you have missed, as Allah says:
فَمَن كَانَ مِنكُمْ مَّرِيضًا أَوْ عَلَى سَفَرٍ فَعِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَيَّامٍ أُخَرَ
Reference: (Surah Al-Baqarah: 184)
"So whoever among you is ill or on a journey, then an equal number of other days."
And if you have missed the fasts without any (Shari) excuse, then in addition to making them up, repentance is also necessary because it is not permissible to miss the fasts of Ramadan without a valid excuse. There is no expiation for the fasts you missed in Ramadan of 96 AH. However, for the two fasts you missed in Ramadan of 95 AH, there is both a make-up and an expiation, which is to feed a poor person for each day missed, because you delayed them without a valid excuse until the Ramadan of 1396 AH arrived. The amount of food is that you should feed each poor person half a sa' of the food that is commonly eaten in your city, but remember that this is the case if the reason for missing your fasts was not sexual intercourse. If the reason was sexual intercourse, then in addition to making them up, expiation is also required. The expiation is to free a believing slave for each day, if that is not possible, then to fast for two consecutive months, and if you are unable to fast, then to feed sixty poor people.
If you have missed the mentioned fasts due to a valid excuse, then you are only required to make up for those fasts that you have missed, as Allah says:
فَمَن كَانَ مِنكُمْ مَّرِيضًا أَوْ عَلَى سَفَرٍ فَعِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَيَّامٍ أُخَرَ
Reference: (Surah Al-Baqarah: 184)
"So whoever among you is ill or on a journey, then an equal number of other days."
And if you have missed the fasts without any (Shari) excuse, then in addition to making them up, repentance is also necessary because it is not permissible to miss the fasts of Ramadan without a valid excuse. There is no expiation for the fasts you missed in Ramadan of 96 AH. However, for the two fasts you missed in Ramadan of 95 AH, there is both a make-up and an expiation, which is to feed a poor person for each day missed, because you delayed them without a valid excuse until the Ramadan of 1396 AH arrived. The amount of food is that you should feed each poor person half a sa' of the food that is commonly eaten in your city, but remember that this is the case if the reason for missing your fasts was not sexual intercourse. If the reason was sexual intercourse, then in addition to making them up, expiation is also required. The expiation is to free a believing slave for each day, if that is not possible, then to fast for two consecutive months, and if you are unable to fast, then to feed sixty poor people.
