Taken from: "Ahkam wa Masail in the Light of the Qur’an and Hadith", Volume 02
Please explain the correct method of combining prayers (jamʿ al-ṣalawāt).
✦ Both types of combining prayers—Jamʿ Taqdīm and Jamʿ Ta’khīr—are proven from the practice of the Prophet ﷺ during travel.
These two methods are:
Both these methods are well established from authentic Hadiths and were frequently practiced by the Prophet ﷺ during journeys.
In the state of residence, only jamʿ ṣūrī (apparent combining) is found, and that too only once in the entire lifetime of the Prophet ﷺ. This occurred without any fear or rain, as narrated by Ibn ʿAbbas رضي الله عنهما:
"The Prophet ﷺ combined the Zuhr and ʿAsr prayers and the Maghrib and ʿIsha prayers in Madinah without fear or rain. He was asked why, and he replied: ‘To prevent hardship upon my Ummah.’"
(Sahih Muslim)
Thus, combining prayers in residence is not the norm, and should only be done under extreme hardship.
① Jamʿ Taqdīm and Jamʿ Ta’khīr are both established Sunnah during travel.
② In ḥaḍar (non-travel), only jamʿ ṣūrī is found, and that too once in a lifetime incidentally.
③ These methods should be used as per need and with proper intention, not as a regular habit.
Wallāhu Aʿlam.
❀ Question:
Please explain the correct method of combining prayers (jamʿ al-ṣalawāt).
❀ Answer:
✦ Both types of combining prayers—Jamʿ Taqdīm and Jamʿ Ta’khīr—are proven from the practice of the Prophet ﷺ during travel.
These two methods are:
- Definition: Performing two prayers at the time of the first prayer.
- Example: Praying Zuhr and ʿAsr together during Zuhr time, or Maghrib and ʿIsha together during Maghrib time.
- Procedure:
- Make the intention to combine both prayers at the beginning.
- Perform the first prayer.
- After completing it, immediately perform the second prayer.
- Definition: Performing two prayers at the time of the second prayer.
- Example: Delaying Zuhr and praying it with ʿAsr during ʿAsr time, or delaying Maghrib and praying it with ʿIsha during ʿIsha time.
- Procedure:
- Intend to delay the first prayer until the time of the second.
- When the time of the second prayer begins, perform both consecutively.
Both these methods are well established from authentic Hadiths and were frequently practiced by the Prophet ﷺ during journeys.
✿ Combining Prayers in Residence (Ḥaḍar):
In the state of residence, only jamʿ ṣūrī (apparent combining) is found, and that too only once in the entire lifetime of the Prophet ﷺ. This occurred without any fear or rain, as narrated by Ibn ʿAbbas رضي الله عنهما:
"The Prophet ﷺ combined the Zuhr and ʿAsr prayers and the Maghrib and ʿIsha prayers in Madinah without fear or rain. He was asked why, and he replied: ‘To prevent hardship upon my Ummah.’"
(Sahih Muslim)
Thus, combining prayers in residence is not the norm, and should only be done under extreme hardship.
✔ Summary:
① Jamʿ Taqdīm and Jamʿ Ta’khīr are both established Sunnah during travel.
② In ḥaḍar (non-travel), only jamʿ ṣūrī is found, and that too once in a lifetime incidentally.
③ These methods should be used as per need and with proper intention, not as a regular habit.
Wallāhu Aʿlam.
