❖ Source: Ṣaḥīḥ Namāz-e-Nabawī ﷺ
Author: Shaykh ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ʿAzīz
Publisher: Maktabah Dār al-Andalus
✦ The Friday sermon consists of two khutbahs, with a brief sitting in between.
✦ The khutbah should be delivered standing, as was the Sunnah of the Prophet ﷺ.
✦ Sunnah to lean on a stick or staff during khutbah:
✦ The Prophet ﷺ would deliver khutbah with passion and intensity:
✦ The Prophet ﷺ used to conclude with:
✦ Khutbah should contain Qur’anic recitation, exhortation, and should be of moderate length.
✦ Not from Sunnah to raise both hands in khutbah:
✦ Purpose of the khutbah is guidance and reminder (dhikr), so it must be in a language understood by the audience.
✦ Allah sent messengers in the language of their people:
✦ Historical precedents:
✦ Ḥanafī scholars (e.g., in Fatāwā Shāmī) allow khutbah in non-Arabic, especially when Arabic is not understood.
✦ The practice of a third, pre-khutbah lecture is a bidʿah (innovation) and against Sunnah.
✦ It is allowed for the Imām to pause the khutbah for a pressing need:
✦ Duʿāʾ is permissible during the khutbah when needed:
✦ Jumuʿah is two rakʿāt in congregation:
✦ Loud recitation is Sunnah. The Prophet ﷺ recited:
✦ It is better to pray the Sunnah at home.
✦ Don’t connect Sunnah immediately with the Fard – either change place or make dhikr first.
✦ Whoever catches one rakʿah of Jumuʿah has attained it:
✦ If only Tashahhud or less is caught, then pray four rakʿāt Ẓuhr.
✦ Some Ḥanafī scholars advise praying Ẓuhr as a precaution after Jumuʿah in places where their own imposed conditions aren’t met (e.g., no Islamic state, fewer than 40 worshippers).
But this has no basis in Sunnah or practice of the Ṣaḥābah or Tābiʿīn.
✦ The entire Jumuʿah arrangement (khutbah, prayer, attendance) is valid without extra conditions — so duplicating it with Ẓuhr is an innovation.
Author: Shaykh ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ʿAzīz
Publisher: Maktabah Dār al-Andalus
❖ Structure of the Friday Khutbah
✦ The Friday sermon consists of two khutbahs, with a brief sitting in between.
جابر بن سمرہ رضی اللہ عنہ فرماتے ہیں:
“نبی کریم ﷺ دو خطبے دیتے اور دونوں کے درمیان بیٹھتے تھے۔”
[Muslim: 862]
❖ Standing During the Khutbah
✦ The khutbah should be delivered standing, as was the Sunnah of the Prophet ﷺ.
“جب لوگ تجارت یا کھیل کی طرف چلے گئے، نبی ﷺ کھڑے تھے۔”
[Qur’an 62:11; Muslim: 863]
جابر بن سمرہ رضی اللہ عنہ فرماتے ہیں:
“رسول اللہ ﷺ ہمیشہ خطبہ کھڑے ہو کر دیتے، بیٹھ کر خطبہ دینے والا جھوٹا ہے۔”
[Muslim: 862/35]
شرعی عذر کے بغیر بیٹھ کر خطبہ دینا ناپسندیدہ ہے۔
❖ Using a Staff During Khutbah
✦ Sunnah to lean on a stick or staff during khutbah:
“رسول اللہ ﷺ لاٹھی پر ٹیک لگا کر خطبہ دیتے تھے۔”
[Abū Dāwūd: 1096 – Ḥasan]
❖ Delivery Style of the Khutbah
✦ The Prophet ﷺ would deliver khutbah with passion and intensity:
“آپ کی آنکھیں سرخ ہو جاتیں، آواز بلند ہو جاتی، اور آپ لشکر کے حملے سے ڈراتے تھے۔”
[Muslim: 867]
❖ Opening Sermon Formula (Khutbat al-Ḥājah)
إِنَّ الْحَمْدَ لِلَّهِ...
"All praise is due to Allah... the best guidance is the guidance of Muhammad..."
[Muslim: 867–868, Nasā’ī: 1579]
✦ The Prophet ﷺ used to conclude with:
أقول هذا وأستغفر الله لي ولكم
“This is what I had to say; I seek Allah’s forgiveness for myself and for you.”
[Ibn Ḥibbān: 3828 – Ṣaḥīḥ]
❖ Khutbah Should Include Qur’an & Advice
✦ Khutbah should contain Qur’anic recitation, exhortation, and should be of moderate length.
“نبی ﷺ کا خطبہ اور نماز دونوں درمیانے درجے کے ہوتے۔”
[Muslim: 866]
“مختصر خطبہ عقل مندی کی علامت ہے۔”
[Muslim: 869]
❖ Raising Hands During Khutbah
✦ Not from Sunnah to raise both hands in khutbah:
“رسول اللہ ﷺ شہادت کی انگلی سے اشارہ کرتے تھے، دونوں ہاتھ نہیں اٹھاتے تھے۔”
[Muslim: 874]
❖ Language of the Khutbah
✦ Purpose of the khutbah is guidance and reminder (dhikr), so it must be in a language understood by the audience.
Qur’an says:
فَاسْعَوْا إِلَىٰ ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ
"Hasten to the remembrance of Allah" (i.e., the khutbah)
[Qur’an 62:9]
✦ Allah sent messengers in the language of their people:
[Qur’an 14:4]
✦ Historical precedents:
- The Prophet ﷺ instructed Zayd ibn Thābit to learn Hebrew
- Abū Hurayrah knew Persian
- Ibn ʿAbbās would use a translator
[Abū Dāwūd: 2277, Bukhārī: 7195]
✦ Ḥanafī scholars (e.g., in Fatāwā Shāmī) allow khutbah in non-Arabic, especially when Arabic is not understood.
❖ Innovation of Pre-Khutbah Lecture
✦ The practice of a third, pre-khutbah lecture is a bidʿah (innovation) and against Sunnah.
The Prophet ﷺ forbade halqas (sittings) before Jumuʿah prayer:
[Abū Dāwūd: 1079, Tirmidhī: 522 – Ḥasan]
❖ Interrupting the Khutbah for a Need
✦ It is allowed for the Imām to pause the khutbah for a pressing need:
“نبی ﷺ نے ایک شخص کی تعلیم کے لیے خطبہ روک دیا، پھر مکمل کیا۔”
[Muslim: 876]
❖ Supplicating During the Khutbah
✦ Duʿāʾ is permissible during the khutbah when needed:
“ایک شخص نے بارش کی دعا کی درخواست کی، نبی ﷺ نے خطبے میں ہاتھ اٹھا کر دعا کی۔”
[Bukhārī: 933]
❖ Number of Rakʿāt for Jumuʿah
✦ Jumuʿah is two rakʿāt in congregation:
“نماز جمعہ دو رکعت ہے، رسول اللہ ﷺ کی زبان سے فرض کی گئی ہے۔”
[Nasāʾī: 1421, Ibn Mājah: 1063 – Ṣaḥīḥ]
✦ Loud recitation is Sunnah. The Prophet ﷺ recited:
- Sūrah al-Jumuʿah in first rakʿah
- Sūrah al-Munāfiqūn in second
[Muslim: 877]
Alternate Sunnah: Sūrah al-Aʿlā & al-Ghāshiyah
[Muslim: 878]
❖ Sunnah Prayers Before and After
- Before the khutbah: No fixed number. Pray as much as possible.
[Muslim: 857] - If khutbah has started: Pray 2 short rakʿāt only.
[Muslim: 875/59] - After Jumuʿah:
- 2 or 4 rakʿāt are established
- [Muslim: 881–882]
✦ It is better to pray the Sunnah at home.
✦ Don’t connect Sunnah immediately with the Fard – either change place or make dhikr first.
[Muslim: 883]
❖ Who Attains Jumuʿah?
✦ Whoever catches one rakʿah of Jumuʿah has attained it:
[Ibn Mājah: 1121, 1123 – Ṣaḥīḥ]
✦ If only Tashahhud or less is caught, then pray four rakʿāt Ẓuhr.
Ibn ʿUmar رضي الله عنه:
“اگر امام کو تشہد میں پایا تو چار رکعت نماز ظہر ادا کرے۔”
[ʿAbd al-Razzāq, Ibn Abī Shaybah – Ṣaḥīḥ]
❖ “Iḥtiyāṭī Ẓuhr” After Jumuʿah is a Bidʿah
✦ Some Ḥanafī scholars advise praying Ẓuhr as a precaution after Jumuʿah in places where their own imposed conditions aren’t met (e.g., no Islamic state, fewer than 40 worshippers).
But this has no basis in Sunnah or practice of the Ṣaḥābah or Tābiʿīn.
Such practices introduce doubt and confusion in what the Prophet ﷺ established with clarity.
✦ The entire Jumuʿah arrangement (khutbah, prayer, attendance) is valid without extra conditions — so duplicating it with Ẓuhr is an innovation.
