Inheritance Division: Wife, Two Daughters, Father, and Sister
Source: Fatawa Rashidiyyah, p. 659
Question:
A man (Haji) passed away leaving behind the following heirs: one wife, two daughters, father, and sister. How will the inheritance be distributed according to Islamic law?
Preliminary Rules
Before distribution of inheritance:
- Funeral and burial expenses are covered.
- Any debts are paid.
- Any valid will (within one-third of the estate) is executed.
- The remainder is divided among the heirs according to Shari‘ah.
Distribution of Inheritance
Total Estate = 100 (1 Rupee)
- Wife: 1/8 = 12.5
- Two Daughters (together): 2/3 = 66.66
- Father (as residuary): 20.84
- Sister: Excluded
Evidences
- Qur’an:
﴿فَإِن كَانَ لَكُمْ وَلَدٌ فَلَهُنَّ الثُّمُنُ﴾ (an-Nisa)
﴿فَإِن كُنَّ نِسَاءً فَوْقَ اثْنَتَيْنِ فَلَهُنَّ ثُلُثَا مَا تَرَكَ﴾ (an-Nisa) - Hadith:
The Prophet ﷺ said:
((ألحقوا الفرائض بأهلها فما بقى فلأولى رجل ذكر.))
(Sahih al-Bukhari 6735, Sahih Muslim 4141)
Final Shares:| Heir | Share % | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Wife | 12.5% | Fixed Qur’anic share (1/8) |
| Two Daughters (jointly) | 66.66% | Fixed Qur’anic share (2/3) |
| Father | 20.84% | Residuary |
| Sister | 0% | Excluded |
Conclusion:
The wife receives 1/8, the daughters together receive 2/3, and the father takes the remainder as residuary. The sister is excluded.
والله أعلم بالصواب
