❀ The Necessity of Seeking Refuge from Four Things After Salutations in Final Tashahhud ❀
✒ Written by: Imran Ayyub Lahori
➊ Narrated by Abu Hurairah (رضي الله عنه):
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:
"إذا فرغ أحـدكــم مـن التشهد الأخير فليتعوذ بالله من أربع"
“When any one of you finishes the final Tashahhud, he should seek refuge with Allah from four things.”
[Sahih Muslim: 588; Musnad Ahmad: 2/237; Sunan al-Darimi: 1/31; Abu Dawud: 983; Al-Nasa’i: 3/58; Ibn Majah: 909; Al-Bayhaqi: 2/154; Abu Ya‘la: 6133; Abu ‘Awanah: 2/235; Ibn Hibban: 1958]
➋ Narrated by Aisha (رضي الله عنها):
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to make the following supplication in prayer:
اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ ، وَاَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ فِتْنَةِ الْمَسِيحِ الدَّجَّالِ وَاَعُوْذُ بِكَ مِنْ فِتْنَةِ الْمَحْيَا وَالْمَمَاتِ ، اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّى اَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ الْمَاثَمِ وَالْمَغْرَمِ
[Sahih al-Bukhari: 832; Sahih Muslim: 589; Abu Dawud: 880; Al-Tirmidhi: 3495; Al-Nasa’i: 3/56]
❖ Imam Shawkani (رحمه الله):
He stated that the correct view is that seeking refuge from these four things is obligatory.
[Nayl al-Awtar: 2/129]
❖ Imam Amir al-San‘ani (رحمه الله):
This Hadith is evidence for the obligation of seeking refuge.
[Subul al-Salam: 1/450]
❖ Imam Ibn Hazm (رحمه الله):
He said that this supplication is obligatory just like the Tashahhud itself.
[Al-Muhalla bil-Athar: 2/301]
❖ Shaykh al-Albani (رحمه الله):
He also holds the same view.
[Sifat Salat al-Nabi: p. 182]
The Zahiri school also considers this supplication obligatory. However, Imam Ibn Hazm (رحمه الله) extends this obligation to the first Tashahhud as well. Yet, the phrase in the Hadith “من التشهد الأخير” refutes his opinion.
Furthermore, the majority of scholars consider this supplication to be recommended (Mustahabb).
[Nayl al-Awtar: 2/128; Subul al-Salam: 1/450]
✒ Written by: Imran Ayyub Lahori
❖ Seeking Refuge After the Final Tashahhud is Essential
➊ Narrated by Abu Hurairah (رضي الله عنه):
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:
"إذا فرغ أحـدكــم مـن التشهد الأخير فليتعوذ بالله من أربع"
“When any one of you finishes the final Tashahhud, he should seek refuge with Allah from four things.”
[Sahih Muslim: 588; Musnad Ahmad: 2/237; Sunan al-Darimi: 1/31; Abu Dawud: 983; Al-Nasa’i: 3/58; Ibn Majah: 909; Al-Bayhaqi: 2/154; Abu Ya‘la: 6133; Abu ‘Awanah: 2/235; Ibn Hibban: 1958]
➋ Narrated by Aisha (رضي الله عنها):
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to make the following supplication in prayer:
اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ ، وَاَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ فِتْنَةِ الْمَسِيحِ الدَّجَّالِ وَاَعُوْذُ بِكَ مِنْ فِتْنَةِ الْمَحْيَا وَالْمَمَاتِ ، اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّى اَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ الْمَاثَمِ وَالْمَغْرَمِ
[Sahih al-Bukhari: 832; Sahih Muslim: 589; Abu Dawud: 880; Al-Tirmidhi: 3495; Al-Nasa’i: 3/56]
✔ Opinions of the Scholars Regarding Its Ruling
❖ Imam Shawkani (رحمه الله):
He stated that the correct view is that seeking refuge from these four things is obligatory.
[Nayl al-Awtar: 2/129]
❖ Imam Amir al-San‘ani (رحمه الله):
This Hadith is evidence for the obligation of seeking refuge.
[Subul al-Salam: 1/450]
❖ Imam Ibn Hazm (رحمه الله):
He said that this supplication is obligatory just like the Tashahhud itself.
[Al-Muhalla bil-Athar: 2/301]
❖ Shaykh al-Albani (رحمه الله):
He also holds the same view.
[Sifat Salat al-Nabi: p. 182]
❖ Further Clarification Regarding the Obligation
The Zahiri school also considers this supplication obligatory. However, Imam Ibn Hazm (رحمه الله) extends this obligation to the first Tashahhud as well. Yet, the phrase in the Hadith “من التشهد الأخير” refutes his opinion.
Furthermore, the majority of scholars consider this supplication to be recommended (Mustahabb).
[Nayl al-Awtar: 2/128; Subul al-Salam: 1/450]
