From: Fatāwā ʿUlamāʾ-e-Ḥadīth, Kitāb al-Ṣalāh, Volume 1, Pages 149–154
In Fatḥ al-Qadīr, it is mentioned that the time for Jumuʿah begins after zawāl and remains until sunset. Imām al-Shawkānī confirms this by stating that the timing of Jumuʿah is the same as Ẓuhr.
"A man’s ability to lengthen the prayer and shorten the sermon is a sign of his understanding. So lengthen the prayer and shorten the sermon."
Therefore, the case described in the question — where a person delivers a two-hour khutbah and completes the prayer and duʿāʾ in just 12 minutes — is against the Sunnah and ḥadīth. The khutbah should be brief, and the prayer should be performed properly and with due completeness.
(Fatāwā Naẓīriyyah, Volume 1, Page 326)
(Fatāwā Ghaznawiyyah, Page 53)
❀ Question
According to the Ahl al-Ḥadīth, until what time does the Jumuʿah prayer remain valid? What should be the appropriate duration for the khutbah and the prayer? If someone starts the khutbah at 12 PM and finishes at 2 PM, then completes the prayer and supplication within 12 minutes, is this practice in accordance with the Sunnah or against it?❀ Answer
The time for Jumuʿah prayer, according to Ahl al-Ḥadīth, is the same as the time for Ẓuhr — it begins after the sun passes its zenith (zawāl) and lasts until the end of Ẓuhr time.In Fatḥ al-Qadīr, it is mentioned that the time for Jumuʿah begins after zawāl and remains until sunset. Imām al-Shawkānī confirms this by stating that the timing of Jumuʿah is the same as Ẓuhr.
❀ Duration of the Khutbah and the Prayer
Authentic aḥādīth affirm that the khutbah should be brief and the prayer should be relatively longer. In Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim, ʿAmmār ibn Yāsir (ra) narrated:"A man’s ability to lengthen the prayer and shorten the sermon is a sign of his understanding. So lengthen the prayer and shorten the sermon."
Therefore, the case described in the question — where a person delivers a two-hour khutbah and completes the prayer and duʿāʾ in just 12 minutes — is against the Sunnah and ḥadīth. The khutbah should be brief, and the prayer should be performed properly and with due completeness.
❀ Sunnah Timing of Jumuʿah Prayer
Authentic narrations confirm that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would perform the Jumuʿah prayer after the sun passed its zenith, and the Companions followed the same practice.(Fatāwā Naẓīriyyah, Volume 1, Page 326)
(Fatāwā Ghaznawiyyah, Page 53)
