Ruling on Praying Bareheaded – Complete Sunnah-Based Explanation

Source: Ahkam wa Masail – Masail al-Salah, vol. 1, p. 98

Question​

What is the ruling on praying bareheaded? Is it permissible according to the Sunnah? Did the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ever pray without covering his head?

Answer​

Al-ḥamdu lillāh, waṣ-ṣalātu wa-s-salāmu ‘alā Rasūlillāh. Ammā ba‘d:

Hadith Evidence Regarding Women​

In Sunan Abi Dawud, it is narrated that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:


«لاَ يَقْبَلُ اللهُ صَلاَةَ حَائِضٍ إِلاَّ بِخِمَارٍ»
"Allah does not accept the prayer of a woman who has reached puberty unless she wears a head-covering."

Key Points Derived from the Hadith​

❀ For an adult woman, covering the head is necessary for her prayer to be valid. Without it, her prayer will not be accepted.


❀ For men and prepubescent girls, praying bareheaded is permissible and the prayer is valid in Shari‘ah.
Reference: Irwa’ al-Ghalil, vol. 1, hadith no. 196.

Practice of the Prophet ﷺ​

• The Prophet ﷺ generally prayed with his head covered (e.g., with a turban, khimar, or ‘isabah).
• However, it is authentically reported that he also prayed bareheaded on certain occasions, such as during Hajj and ‘Umrah.

Conclusion​

• For men: Praying bareheaded is valid and permissible, but covering the head is better and more in line with the Prophet’s ﷺ general practice.
• For women: Covering the head is obligatory; praying without it is invalid.

هٰذَا مَا عِندِي وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ بِالصَّوَاب