❖ Ruling on Recitation Behind the Imam in Ẓuhr and ʿAṣr Prayers
Source: Fatawa Ameenpuri by Shaykh Ghulam Mustafa Zaheer Ameenpuri
❖ Question:
What is the ruling on recitation behind the Imam in Ẓuhr and ʿAṣr prayers?
❖ Answer:
In the Ẓuhr and ʿAṣr prayers, which are non-audible (sirrī) prayers, reciting Sūrat al-Fātiḥah behind the Imam is mandatory. Without it, the prayer is invalid.
As for reciting additional verses beyond al-Fātiḥah, it is not obligatory behind the Imam in these prayers. Both practices — reciting and not reciting beyond al-Fātiḥah — are established from the Companions.
❖ Statement from a Tābiʿī Scholar:
❀ Usāmah ibn Zayd رضي الله عنه reported:
"I asked al-Qāsim ibn Muḥammad about reciting behind the Imam in prayers where the recitation is silent. He replied:
If you recite (beyond al-Fātiḥah), then among the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, there are those who used to do the same — and if you do not recite (beyond al-Fātiḥah), then again, among the Companions are those who did not."
(Jāmiʿ Bayān al-ʿIlm wa Faḍlihi by Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr: 1690; chain is ḥasan)
✔ Summary:
① Reciting al-Fātiḥah behind the Imam in Ẓuhr and ʿAṣr is obligatory.
② Reciting beyond al-Fātiḥah is optional — both practices are supported by the actions of the noble Companions رضي الله عنهم.
③ There is no blame in either choice concerning the additional recitation after al-Fātiḥah.
