Prohibition of tearing clothes over the deceased, wishing for death, and speaking ill of the deceased

This excerpt is taken from Sheikh Hussain bin Mubarak Al-Mawsili's Arabic book Al-Awamer wal-Nawahi, which has been translated into Urdu by Muhammad Sarwar Gohar Sahib under the title Ahkamat o Mamnoaat.

Prohibition of Tearing Clothes Over the Deceased​

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① Sayyiduna Ibn Mas'ud رضي الله عنه narrates, the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم said:
ليس منا من ضرب الخدود وشق الجيوب أو دعا بدعوى الجاهلية
"Whoever slaps his face, tears his collar, or utters words like those of the Jahiliyyah (pre-Islamic ignorance), then he is not one of us."

Reference: Bukhari, Kitab al-Jana'iz 1297. Muslim, Kitab al-Iman 103/165.

② Sayyiduna Asid bin Abi Asid Nabghi رضي الله عنه narrates from a woman who pledged allegiance, she said: The Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم took a pledge from us in Al-Ma'roof, in which He also took the pledge that we would not disobey Him, nor would we scratch our faces, nor raise a commotion of destruction, nor tear our collars, nor scatter our hair.

Reference: Abu Dawood, Kitab al-Jana'iz 3131. At-Targhib 354/4, Hadith 22.

③ Sayyiduna Abu Musa رضي الله عنه narrates that the Noble Prophet صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم expressed disassociation from those who scream and wail, shave their heads, and tear their clothes at the time of calamity.

Reference: Bukhari, Kitab al-Jana'iz 1296. Muslim, Kitab al-Jana'iz 104/167.

Prohibition of wishing for death due to any hardship​

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① Sayyiduna Anas رضي الله عنه narrates that the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
لا يتمنين أحدكم الموت لضر نزل به فإن كان لا بد متمنيا فليقل اللهم أحيني ما كانت الحياة خيرا لي وتوفني إذا كانت الوفاة خيرا لي
"None of you should wish for death because of a disease or hardship, and if he must wish for it, then he should say: O Allah! Keep me alive as long as life is better for me, and cause me to die if death is better for me."

Reference: Bukhari, Book of Patients 5671. Muslim, Remembrance, Supplication, and Repentance etc. 2680/10.

Prohibition of Speaking Ill of the Deceased​

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① It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Umar رضي الله عنهما that the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم said:
اذكروا محاسن موتاكم وكفوا عن مساوئهم
"Speak well of your deceased and avoid mentioning their faults."

Reference: Abu Dawood, Book of Manners 4900. Tirmidhi, Book of Funerals 1019.

② Sayyida Aisha رضي الله عنها reports that the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم said:
لا تسبوا الأموات فإنهم قد أفضوا إلى ما قدموا
"Do not speak ill of the deceased because they have reached what they sent forth (in deeds)."

Reference: Bukhari, Book of Funerals 1393. Musnad Ahmad, remaining Musnad of the Ansar 202/6, Hadith 25522.

③ Sayyiduna Mughirah bin Shu'bah رضي الله عنه reports that the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم said:
لا تسبوا الأموات فتؤذوا الأحياء
"Do not speak ill of the deceased, otherwise you will cause harm to the living (heirs)."

Reference: Tirmidhi, Book of Virtue and Maintaining Ties 1982. Musnad Ahmad 253/4, Hadith 1838.

④ Sayyida Aisha رضي الله عنها reports that the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم said:
إذا مات صاحبكم فدعوه لا تقعوا فيه
"When one of your companions passes away, leave him and do not mention his faults."

Reference: Abu Dawood, Book of Manners 4899. Tirmidhi, Book of Virtues 3895.