Allah Almighty is unique and incomparable in His attributes; He has no equal in them. This belief is called Tawheed Fi As-Sifaat (Oneness in Attributes). Associating others with Allah in His attributes is called Shirk Fi As-Sifaat (polytheism in attributes). Allah Almighty has countless names, among which "Allah" is His personal name. Ninety-nine attribute names are also mentioned in a narration of Tirmidhi; all these are attribute names, and these attributes are not found in any creation.
The attributes of Allah Almighty mentioned in Ayat al-Kursi are not found in any creation:
[اَللّٰہُ لَاۤ اِلٰہَ اِلَّا ہُوَۚ اَلۡحَیُّ الۡقَیُّوۡمُ ۬ۚ لَا تَاۡخُذُہٗ سِنَۃٌ وَّ لَا نَوۡمٌ ؕ لَہٗ مَا فِی السَّمٰوٰتِ وَ مَا فِی الۡاَرۡضِ ؕ مَنۡ ذَا الَّذِیۡ یَشۡفَعُ عِنۡدَہٗۤ اِلَّا بِاِذۡنِہٖ ؕ یَعۡلَمُ مَا بَیۡنَ اَیۡدِیۡہِمۡ وَ مَا خَلۡفَہُمۡ ۚ وَ لَا یُحِیۡطُوۡنَ بِشَیۡءٍ مِّنۡ عِلۡمِہٖۤ اِلَّا بِمَا شَآءَ ۚ وَسِعَ کُرۡسِیُّہُ السَّمٰوٰتِ وَ الۡاَرۡضَ ۚ وَ لَا یَـُٔوۡدُہٗ حِفۡظُہُمَا ۚ وَ ہُوَ الۡعَلِیُّ الۡعَظِیۡمُ]
Allah (He is) besides Whom there is no deity, the Ever-Living, the Sustainer of [all] existence. Neither drowsiness overtakes Him nor sleep. To Him belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth. Who is it that can intercede with Him except by His permission? He knows what is [presently] before them and what will be after them, and they encompass not a thing of His knowledge except for what He wills. His Kursi extends over the heavens and the earth, and their preservation tires Him not. And He is the Most High, the Most Great.
Reference: Al-Baqarah:255
Some attributes of Allah mentioned in Surah Al-Hashr that are not found in any creation:
[He is Allah, besides Whom there is no deity, Knower of the unseen and the witnessed, the Most Merciful, the Especially Merciful], [He is Allah, besides Whom there is no deity, the Sovereign, the Pure, the Perfection, the Bestower of Faith, the Overseer, the Exalted in Might, the Compeller, the Superior], [He is Allah who created the heavens and the earth and whatever is between them in six days; then He established Himself above the Throne. You have not besides Him any protector or any intercessor; so will you not be reminded?]
Reference: (Al-Hashr: 22 to 24)
Attributes of Allah mentioned in Surah Al-Ikhlas, which are not found in any creation:
Remember that according to a Hadith in Sahih Bukhari, Surah Al-Ikhlas is equal to one-third of the Quran:
[قُلۡ ہُوَ اللّٰہُ اَحَدٌ]،[اَللّٰہُ الصَّمَدُ]،[لَمۡ یَلِدۡ ۬ۙ وَ لَمۡ یُوۡلَدۡ]،[وَ لَمۡ یَکُنۡ لَّہٗ کُفُوًا اَحَدٌ]
Say: He is Allah, One, Allah, the Self-Sufficient, neither begets nor is born, nor is there to Him any equivalent.
Reference: (Al-Ikhlas)
There is none equal to Allah (neither in essence, nor in attributes, nor in powers, nor in rights). Allah created all creatures, made the earth and the heavens, brought forth fruits from the earth (these attributes are not found in any creature).
Reference: (Al-Baqarah:22)
As the Owner, no one should love anyone equal to Allah because all power belongs to Allah.
Reference: (Al-Baqarah:165-167)
Whoever considers anyone equal to Allah is a disbeliever.
Reference: (Al-An'am:1-3), (Saba:33), (Ha Mim As-Sajda:9)
One should not follow anyone who considers others equal to their Lord.
Reference: (Al-An'am:150)
Whoever considers others equal to Allah is destined for Hell.
Reference: (Ibrahim:30), (Az-Zumar:8)
Whoever regards others equal to the Owner of the entire universe is clearly misguided.
Reference: (Ash-Shu'ara:97-99)
Allah has no partner; He is the Giver of everything.
Reference: (Maryam:65)
Allah ،،كن فيكون،، is the Owner (and there is none else):[بَدِیۡعُ السَّمٰوٰتِ وَ الۡاَرۡضِ ؕ وَ اِذَا قَضٰۤی اَمۡرًا فَاِنَّمَا یَقُوۡلُ لَہٗ کُنۡ فَیَکُوۡنُ]
He is the Creator of the heavens and the earth, and when He decrees a matter, He only says to it, "Be," and it is.
Reference: Al-Baqarah:117
For further references, see:
Reference: (Aal Imran: 40, 47, 59), (Al-An'am: 73), (An-Nahl: 40)
Allah Almighty is capable of everything (and no one else). Allah is on the Throne yet He is observing, meaning He is seeing and hearing (this attribute is in no one else):[وَ اللّٰہُ بَصِیۡرٌۢ بِمَا یَعۡمَلُوۡنَ] And Allah is Seeing of what they do.
Reference: (Al-Baqarah: 96)
(For more references, see:
Reference: (An-Nisa: 1, 32, 33, 35, 58, 70, 108)
When there are three people, Allah is their fourth; when there are five people, Allah is their sixth. (He is the Observer):[یَوۡمَ یَبۡعَثُہُمُ اللّٰہُ جَمِیۡعًا فَیُنَبِّئُہُمۡ بِمَا عَمِلُوۡا ؕ اَحۡصٰہُ اللّٰہُ وَ نَسُوۡہُ ؕ وَ اللّٰہُ عَلٰی کُلِّ شَیۡءٍ شَہِیۡدٌ]،[اَلَمۡ تَرَ اَنَّ اللّٰہَ یَعۡلَمُ مَا فِی السَّمٰوٰتِ وَ مَا فِی الۡاَرۡضِ ؕ مَا یَکُوۡنُ مِنۡ نَّجۡوٰی ثَلٰثَۃٍ اِلَّا ہُوَ رَابِعُہُمۡ وَ لَا خَمۡسَۃٍ اِلَّا ہُوَ سَادِسُہُمۡ وَ لَاۤ اَدۡنٰی مِنۡ ذٰلِکَ وَ لَاۤ اَکۡثَرَ اِلَّا ہُوَ مَعَہُمۡ اَیۡنَ مَا کَانُوۡا ۚ ثُمَّ یُنَبِّئُہُمۡ بِمَا عَمِلُوۡا یَوۡمَ الۡقِیٰمَۃِ ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰہَ بِکُلِّ شَیۡءٍ عَلِیۡمٌ]
[The Day Allah will raise them all up and inform them of what they did. Allah has kept it safe, but they forgot it, and Allah is Witness over all things], [Have you not seen that Allah knows what is in the heavens and what is on the earth? There is no private conversation among three but He is their fourth, nor among five but He is their sixth, nor are they fewer or more but He is with them wherever they are. Then He will inform them of what they did on the Day of Resurrection. Indeed, Allah is Knowing of all things].
Reference: Al-Mujadalah: 7, 6
Being an observer everywhere and attributing this attribute to anyone else is equality with Allah’s attribute, which we have explained earlier. And this is shirk (associating partners with Allah), because there is no one equal to Allah and no one like Allah: [لَیۡسَ کَمِثۡلِہٖ شَیۡءٌ].
Reference: Ash-Shura: 11
And He said:[ہَلۡ تَعۡلَمُ لَہٗ سَمِیًّا] Do you know of any equivalent to Him?
Reference: Maryam: 65
All the attributes of Allah mentioned in this chapter are exclusive to Allah. Accepting even one of these attributes in anyone else as like Allah would be considered shirk in attributes.
Among these attributes are those that serve as proofs of Tawheed, which are mentioned repeatedly in the Quran. These verses mention the blessings Allah has bestowed upon the things created in the heavens and the earth and upon humans.
Reference: (Ibrahim: 32 to 34), (Bani Isra'il: 70, 12).
[سبحان الله و بحمدہ] (which is the glorification by the angels and the believers)
Reference: (Bukhari: 817), (Muslim: 484)
also means that Allah is free from shirk in His attributes. SubhanAllah! Wherever it appears in the Quran or Hadith.It has only two meanings,
① Allah is free from shirk,
② Allah is free from the defects of creation.
Whoever likens any attribute of Allah to an attribute of creation is a disbeliever.
Reference: (Fiqh Akbar. Muqaddimah Hidayah: 4/1)
To associate any prophet, saint, spiritual master, pole, or abdal with Allah Almighty in the management of the affairs of the universe and the order of creation is shirk (polytheism).
Reference: (Yunus:3), (Ar-Ra'd:2)
The authority to control all the treasures of the earth and the heavens belongs only to Allah Almighty; to associate any prophet, saint, spiritual master, pole, or abdal in this is shirk.
Reference: (Al-Munafiqun:7), (Al-An'am:50)
On the Day of Judgment, the permission to intercede or not, to accept or reject intercession, to give reward or punishment, to seize or release anyone, will belong only to Allah Almighty; to associate anyone in this authority of Allah is shirk.
Reference: (Az-Zumar:43, 44)
The One who has knowledge of the unseen and is watchful everywhere is only Allah Almighty; to consider anyone else as the Knower of the unseen or Watcher is shirk.
Reference: (An-Naml:65)
Allah alone knows the hidden secrets of the hearts. (Al-Mulk:14, 13) The One who turns hearts, guides, and grants the ability to do good is only Allah Almighty.
Reference: (Al-Anfal:24), (Al-Qasas:52)
The One who gives scarcity or abundance of sustenance, health and sickness, profit and loss, life and death is only Allah Almighty; to consider anyone else capable of this is shirk: [وَ لَا تَقۡتُلُوۡۤا اَوۡلَادَکُمۡ خَشۡیَۃَ اِمۡلَاقٍ ؕ نَحۡنُ نَرۡزُقُہُمۡ وَ اِیَّاکُمۡ ؕ اِنَّ قَتۡلَہُمۡ کَانَ خِطۡاً کَبِیۡرًا]
And do not kill your children for fear of poverty; We provide for them and for you. Indeed, their killing is a great sin.
Reference: Bani Isra'il:31
[قُلۡ اِنَّ رَبِّیۡ یَبۡسُطُ الرِّزۡقَ لِمَنۡ یَّشَآءُ وَ یَقۡدِرُ وَ لٰکِنَّ اَکۡثَرَ النَّاسِ لَا یَعۡلَمُوۡنَ]
Say, "Indeed, my Lord extends provision for whom He wills and restricts it, but most people do not know."
Reference: Saba:36
(For more references see:
Reference: (Al-Qasas:78 to 82), (Ash-Shura:50/49), (Al-A'raf:190/189), (Aal Imran:27/26), (Al-Mulk:14/13), (Aal Imran:154/119)
The One who gives children or withholds them is only Allah Almighty; to consider anyone else capable of this is shirk:
[لِلّٰہِ مُلۡکُ السَّمٰوٰتِ وَ الۡاَرۡضِ ؕ یَخۡلُقُ مَا یَشَآءُ ؕیَہَبُ لِمَنۡ یَّشَآءُ اِنَاثًا وَّ یَہَبُ لِمَنۡ یَّشَآءُ الذُّکُوۡرَ]،[اَوۡ یُزَوِّجُہُمۡ ذُکۡرَانًا وَّ اِنَاثًا ۚ وَ یَجۡعَلُ مَنۡ یَّشَآءُ عَقِیۡمًا ؕ اِنَّہٗ عَلِیۡمٌ قَدِیۡرٌ]
[The dominion of the heavens and the earth belongs to Allah alone; He creates whom He wills, He grants daughters to whom He wills, and He grants sons to whom He wills], [or He combines them, granting sons and daughters, and whom He wills makes barren. Indeed, He is All-Knowing, All-Powerful.]
Reference: Ash-Shura:50,49
All the goodness of this world and the Hereafter is only in the hands of Allah Almighty; to associate anyone else in this is shirk. The secrets and mysteries hidden in hearts are known only to Allah Almighty; to hold any belief otherwise is shirk.
Reference: (Al-Mulk:14,13), (Aal Imran:119,154)
And Naeem Murad Abadi Sahib also wrote the same that for Allah Almighty there is neither equal nor likeness, in divinity and lordship no one shares with Him, He is unique, singular in His attributes, no one resembles Him. See:
Reference: (Al-Baqarah:255,171,163 Benefits:531,312,292), (Al-An'am:101,100 Benefits:211 to 214), (Al-Hashr:22 to 24 Benefits:67 to 75)
