Rulings Regarding Jumu'ah Prayer in Light of Authentic HadithsAdapted from the book "Salat al-Muslim" by Al-Fat Hussain
◈ Virtue and Command of Jumu'ah (Friday) Prayer
❀ Allah says:"O you who believe! When the call is proclaimed for the Salat on the day of Jumu'ah (Friday), then hasten to the remembrance of Allah and leave off trade. That is better for you, if you only knew."
(Surah Al-Jumu'ah)
❀ Severe Warning for Missing Jumu'ah
Narrated by Ibn Mas‘ud (RA): The Messenger of Allah ﷺ intended to burn the houses of those who stayed behind from the Jumu'ah prayer.
(Sahih Muslim: 652)
◈ Sunnah Recitations in Jumu'ah Salah
❀ The Prophet ﷺ used to recite:- In the first rak‘ah: Surah Al-Jumu‘ah
- In the second: “Idha jaa’aka al-munafiqun”
- Occasionally: “Hal ataka hadith al-ghashiyah”
- Or in the first: “Sabbih isma rabbika al-a‘la”, and in the second: “Hal ataka hadith al-ghashiyah”
- Sometimes: “Qaf wal-Qur’an al-Majeed” and “Iqtarabat al-sa‘ah”
(Muslim & Abu Dawood)
◈ Etiquettes of Attending Jumu'ah
Narrated by Salman Al-Farsi (RA):The Prophet ﷺ said:
Whoever takes a bath on Friday, purifies himself, uses oil or perfume, then proceeds to the mosque without stepping over people’s necks, performs whatever prayer is prescribed, and listens attentively during the Khutbah – his sins between this and the next Friday are forgiven.
(Sahih Bukhari)
◈ Concessions Related to Jumu'ah
✔ During rain, Jumu'ah prayer may be offered at home.(Abu Dawood: 1057)
✔ When Eid and Jumu'ah coincide, those who prayed Eid are given the option to pray Jumu'ah or perform Dhuhr instead.
(Abu Dawood: 1070)
✔ The Prophet ﷺ said:
If possible, wear a separate set of clothes for Jumu‘ah other than your regular garments.
(Ibn Majah: 1095)
◈ Specific Time for Accepted Supplication on Jumu'ah
❀ Abu Burdah (RA) narrated from his father that the Prophet ﷺ said:There is an hour on Friday during which a Muslim who prays and asks Allah for something good will be granted it. This time is from the moment the Imam sits on the pulpit until the end of the prayer.
(Muslim)
❀ Some companions narrated this hour is between ‘Asr and Maghrib.
(Ibn Majah, Abu Dawood, An-Nasa’i)
◈ Prophet’s ﷺ Manner of Delivering Khutbah
Narrated by Hakam bin Hazn (RA):We attended Jumu'ah with the Prophet ﷺ while he was standing and delivering the sermon supported by a staff or bow.
(Abu Dawood)
First Khutbah of Jumu‘ah
(Retained in original Arabic and followed by Urdu explanation)Arabic Khutbah...
Urdu translation of opening praise and admonition...
Second Khutbah of Jumu‘ah
Arabic Khutbah...Urdu translation and supplication for Prophet ﷺ and the believers...
◈ Sunnah Prayers Related to Jumu‘ah
✔ Before the Fard: At least 2 rak‘ahs Sunnah✔ After the Fard: Either 2 or 4 rak‘ahs Sunnah
(Muslim: 881 | Bukhari)
✔ Jumu‘ah is not obligatory upon the sick, traveler, minor boy, slave, or women, but they must perform Dhuhr prayer instead.
◈ Instructions for Those Who Arrive During Khutbah
❀ Sulaik Al-Ghatafani (RA) came during the sermon. The Prophet ﷺ said:"O Sulaik! Stand and perform two short rak‘ahs."
He then addressed the congregation:
"If anyone of you arrives during the Khutbah, he should pray two brief rak‘ahs."
(Bukhari)
✔ Once the congregation stands for Salah, no other prayer is allowed except the Fard.
(Muslim)
✔ Speaking during the sermon is prohibited.
(Bukhari)
✔ Sitting in a “crouched” position (hugging knees) is prohibited.
(Tirmidhi)
◈ Prohibited Acts on Jumu‘ah
✖ Fasting on Jumu'ah alone is prohibited unless it's an obligatory fast (e.g., Ramadan or three white days).✖ Climbing over people’s shoulders to reach the front rows is forbidden.
(Abu Dawood: 1118)
✖ Crouching during sermon is not allowed.
(Tirmidhi: 513)
✖ Delivering long sermons as commonly practiced today opposes the Sunnah.
✖ If one joins at the end of Jumu'ah, they must pray the full four rak‘ahs unless they catch at least one rak‘ah, in which case Jumu‘ah is valid.
