Inheritance Distribution: Widow, Two Sons, and Three Daughters
Reference: Fatāwā Rāshidiyyah, Page 613
❖ Question
What do the esteemed scholars say regarding this case:
Musammat Halimah passed away, leaving behind:
◄ Two sons (Muhammad and Umair)
◄ Three daughters
◄ One husband
According to the Shariah of Muhammad ﷺ, how should the estate be divided among them?
❖ Answer
Al-ḥamdu lillāh, waṣ-ṣalātu was-salāmu ʿalā Rasūlillāh, ammā baʿd!
Before dividing the inheritance, the following must be settled from the estate:
➊ Funeral and burial expenses
➋ Any debts of the deceased
➌ A valid bequest, if made, within one-third (⅓) of the estate
After these, the remaining property — movable or immovable — is divided among the heirs.
Distribution of Halimah’s Estate (1 Rupee)
| Heir | Paisa | Anna |
|---|---|---|
| Husband | 00 | 04 |
| Son (Muhammad) | 5¼ | 03 |
| Son (Umair) | 5¼ | 03 |
| Three daughters (jointly) | 1¼ | 05 |
Qur’anic Evidences
◈ Husband’s share:
﴿فَإِن كَانَ لَهُنَّ وَلَدٌ فَلَكُمُ الرُّبُعُ﴾
◈ Sons and daughters’ shares:
﴿لِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ الْأُنثَيَيْنِ﴾
Decimal / Percentage Distribution (Total = 100)
◈ Husband = 25% (¼)
◈ Two sons (ʿaṣabah) = 42.857% → each 21.428%
◈ Three daughters (ʿaṣabah) = 32.124% → each 10.714%
ھذا ما عندی واللہ أعلم بالصواب
