Written by: The Scholar of the Era, Hafiz Zubair Ali Zai (May Allah have mercy on him)
Question:
"I am sending some Hadiths; kindly investigate their authenticity according to the knowledge of Asma' al-Rijal (the science of narrators)."
Narration 1:
Narrated by Umm al-Fadl: One day I saw the eyes of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) weeping. I asked, "May my parents be sacrificed for you, why are you weeping?" The Prophet (peace be upon him) replied, "Gabriel came to me and informed me that my Ummah will kill my son. Gabriel also brought me the red soil of the place where he will be killed." (Mishkat, Bayhaqi in Dala'il al-Nubuwwah).
Narration 2:
"Hussain is from me, and I am from Hussain. Whoever loves Hussain, Allah loves him. Hussain is a lineage among my lineages." (Mustadrak Hakim, Volume 3, page 159) (Fadl Hussain, Qila Didar Singh)
Answer:
Narration 1:
The narration attributed to Umm al-Fadl bint al-Harith is mentioned in Dala'il al-Nubuwwah by al-Bayhaqi (6/469) with the reference of Muhammad bin Mus'ab: narrated to us al-Awza'i from Shaddad bin Abdullah with this chain. This chain is weak due to Muhammad bin Mus'ab.
[Adhwa al-Masabih fi Tahqiq Mishkat al-Masabih: 6171]
The majority of the scholars of Hadith have criticized Muhammad bin Mus'ab bin Sadaqah al-Qurqisa'i.
Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal said:"Hadith narrated by Muhammad bin Mus'ab al-Qurqisani from al-Awza'i is near to soundness (i.e., close to authenticity)."
[Masa'il Abi Dawud: 328 with reference to Mawsu'at Aqwal al-Imam Ahmad 3/317, 318, Tarikh Baghdad 3/277 with an authentic chain]
On the contrary, Abu Zur'ah al-Razi said:"Muhammad bin Mus'ab makes many mistakes in narrating from al-Awza'i and others."
[Kitab al-Du'afa by Abu Zur'ah al-Razi 2/400]
Hafiz Ibn Hibban declared one of his narrations from al-Awza'i as "invalid."
[Kitab al-Majruhin 2/294]
Abu Ahmad al-Hakim said:"He narrated odd (munkar) hadiths from al-Awza'i."
[Tahdhib al-Tahdhib 9/461]
Therefore, according to the preferred opinion, even the narration of Muhammad bin Mus'ab from al-Awza'i is weak, and calling it "close to sound" is incorrect.
Narration 2:
This narration with the text: "Hussain is from me, and I am from Hussain. Allah loves whoever loves Hussain. Hussain is a lineage among my lineages" is present with the chain of Abdullah bin Uthman bin Khuthaym from Sa'id bin Abi Rashid from Ya'la al-Amiri in the following books:
- Musnad Ahmad (4/172)
- Fada'il al-Sahabah by Imam Ahmad (Hadith 1361)
- Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah (12/102-103 Hadith 32186)
- Al-Mustadrak by al-Hakim (3/177 Hadith 4820, he said: "This is a Sahih chain," and al-Dhahabi said: "Sahih")
- Sahih Ibn Hibban (Al-Ihsan: 6932, another edition: 6971)
- Al-Mu'jam al-Kabir by al-Tabarani (3/33 Hadith 2589 and 22/274 Hadith 702)
- Sunan Ibn Majah (144)
- Sunan al-Tirmidhi (3775, he said: "This Hadith is Hasan")
The chain of this Hadith is Hasan (good).
It has been declared Sahih by Ibn Hibban, al-Hakim, and al-Dhahabi, and Hasan by al-Tirmidhi.
Al-Busayri said:"This chain is Hasan, and its narrators are trustworthy."
Its narrator, Sa'id bin Abi Rashid, is truthful.
Hafiz al-Dhahabi said:"Trustworthy."
[Al-Kashif 1/285 No. 1900]
He has been declared trustworthy and truthful by Ibn Hibban, al-Tirmidhi, and al-Hakim. The claim by some people that "only Ibn Hibban declared him trustworthy" is incorrect.
Shaykh al-Albani, despite his misunderstanding and criticism of Sa'id bin Abi Rashid, declared this Hadith Hasan due to supporting evidences and included it in his famous book, Al-Silsilah al-Sahihah (Volume 3, page 229, Hadith 1227).
Summary of the Investigation:
This narration is Hasan Lidhatihi (good in itself) and Sahih Lighairihi (authentic due to other supporting evidences).
Alhamdulillah. (20th Safar 1427 AH)