✿ Fasting on the Days of Eid, Tashrīq, and a Day or Two Before Ramadan Is Prohibited ✿
✍ Written by: Imran Ayyub Lahori
Abū Saʿīd al-Khudrī رضي الله عنه reported:
نهى رسول الله عن صوم يوم الفطر والنحر
“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade fasting on the Day of Eid al-Fiṭr and the Day of Eid al-Aḍḥā.”
[Bukhārī: 1991, Kitāb al-Ṣawm: Bāb Ṣawm Yawm al-Fiṭr; Muslim: 827; Aḥmad: 3/34; Sharḥ al-Sunnah: 451; Ibn Mājah: 1721]
There is consensus (ijmāʿ) among scholars on this ruling.
[Sharḥ Muslim by al-Nawawī: 4/271; Nayl al-Awṭār: 3/246]
[Al-Mughnī: 4/398; Al-Ḥāwī: 3/455; Al-Umm: 2/144; Badāʾiʿ al-Ṣanāʾiʿ: 2/78; Nayl al-Awṭār: 3/246]
ʿAmr ibn al-ʿĀṣ رضي الله عنه said to his son ʿAbdullāh رضي الله عنه:
“Eat! For these are the days the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to command us to break our fast and forbid us from fasting.”
Imām Mālik رحمه الله said:
These are the days of Tashrīq.
[Ṣaḥīḥ Abū Dāwūd: 2113, Kitāb al-Ṣiyām: Bāb Ṣiyām Ayyām al-Tashrīq; Abū Dāwūd: 2418; Aḥmad: 4/197; Dārimī: 2/24; Ḥākim: 1/435; Bayhaqī: 4/297; Ibn Khuzaymah: 2149]
Another narration affirms:
أيام التشريق أيام أكل وشرب
“The days of Tashrīq are days of eating and drinking.”
[Muslim: 1141; Abū Dāwūd: 2813; Nasāʾī: 7/170; Aḥmad: 5/58; Ṭaḥāwī: 2/245; Bayhaqī: 4/297]
➡ Ibn Ḥazm رحمه الله also stated clearly:
Fasting during the days of Tashrīq is not permitted.
[Al-Muḥallā bi’l-Āthār: 4/451]
Abū Hurayrah رضي الله عنه reported that the Prophet ﷺ said:
لا يتقد من أحدكم رمضان بصوم يوم أو يومين إلا أن يكون رجل كان يصوم صوما فليصم ذلك اليوم
“None of you should fast a day or two before Ramadan, unless he is in the habit of fasting, then he may fast that day.”
[Bukhārī: 1914, Kitāb al-Ṣawm: Bāb Lā Yataqaddam Ramaḍān bi-Ṣawm Yawm wa Lā Yawmayn; Muslim: 1082; Abū Dāwūd: 2335; Tirmidhī: 684; Nasāʾī: 4/149; Ibn Mājah: 1650; Aḥmad: 2/234]
Another narration further supports the above:
إذا انتصف شعبان فلا تصوموا
“When Shaʿbān reaches its halfway point, do not fast (voluntarily).”
[Ṣaḥīḥ Abū Dāwūd: 2049, Kitāb al-Ṣawm: Bāb fī Karāhiyyat Dhālik; Tirmidhī: 738; Ibn Mājah: 1651; Aḥmad: 2/442; ʿAbd al-Razzāq: 7325; Dārimī: 2/17; Ibn Ḥibbān: 3589; Sharḥ Maʿānī al-Āthār: 2/82]
✍ Written by: Imran Ayyub Lahori
❖ Prohibition of Fasting on the Days of Eid
Abū Saʿīd al-Khudrī رضي الله عنه reported:
نهى رسول الله عن صوم يوم الفطر والنحر
“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade fasting on the Day of Eid al-Fiṭr and the Day of Eid al-Aḍḥā.”
[Bukhārī: 1991, Kitāb al-Ṣawm: Bāb Ṣawm Yawm al-Fiṭr; Muslim: 827; Aḥmad: 3/34; Sharḥ al-Sunnah: 451; Ibn Mājah: 1721] There is consensus (ijmāʿ) among scholars on this ruling. [Sharḥ Muslim by al-Nawawī: 4/271; Nayl al-Awṭār: 3/246]❖ Ruling on Vowed Fasts (Nadhr) on These Days
- Majority of Scholars & Imām al-Shāfiʿī: A vow is not valid for fasting on Eid days, and no make-up fast is required.
- Imām Abū Ḥanīfah رحمه الله: A vow does become binding, and make-up fasts are necessary if missed on these days.
[Al-Mughnī: 4/398; Al-Ḥāwī: 3/455; Al-Umm: 2/144; Badāʾiʿ al-Ṣanāʾiʿ: 2/78; Nayl al-Awṭār: 3/246]❖ Prohibition of Fasting During Ayyām al-Tashrīq (11th–13th Dhū al-Ḥijjah)
ʿAmr ibn al-ʿĀṣ رضي الله عنه said to his son ʿAbdullāh رضي الله عنه:
“Eat! For these are the days the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to command us to break our fast and forbid us from fasting.”
Imām Mālik رحمه الله said:
These are the days of Tashrīq.
[Ṣaḥīḥ Abū Dāwūd: 2113, Kitāb al-Ṣiyām: Bāb Ṣiyām Ayyām al-Tashrīq; Abū Dāwūd: 2418; Aḥmad: 4/197; Dārimī: 2/24; Ḥākim: 1/435; Bayhaqī: 4/297; Ibn Khuzaymah: 2149]Another narration affirms:
أيام التشريق أيام أكل وشرب
“The days of Tashrīq are days of eating and drinking.”
[Muslim: 1141; Abū Dāwūd: 2813; Nasāʾī: 7/170; Aḥmad: 5/58; Ṭaḥāwī: 2/245; Bayhaqī: 4/297]➡ Ibn Ḥazm رحمه الله also stated clearly:
Fasting during the days of Tashrīq is not permitted.
[Al-Muḥallā bi’l-Āthār: 4/451]❖ Prohibition of Fasting a Day or Two Before Ramadan
Abū Hurayrah رضي الله عنه reported that the Prophet ﷺ said:
لا يتقد من أحدكم رمضان بصوم يوم أو يومين إلا أن يكون رجل كان يصوم صوما فليصم ذلك اليوم
“None of you should fast a day or two before Ramadan, unless he is in the habit of fasting, then he may fast that day.”
[Bukhārī: 1914, Kitāb al-Ṣawm: Bāb Lā Yataqaddam Ramaḍān bi-Ṣawm Yawm wa Lā Yawmayn; Muslim: 1082; Abū Dāwūd: 2335; Tirmidhī: 684; Nasāʾī: 4/149; Ibn Mājah: 1650; Aḥmad: 2/234]❖ Supporting Ḥadīth: No Fasting After Mid-Shaʿbān
Another narration further supports the above:
إذا انتصف شعبان فلا تصوموا
“When Shaʿbān reaches its halfway point, do not fast (voluntarily).”
[Ṣaḥīḥ Abū Dāwūd: 2049, Kitāb al-Ṣawm: Bāb fī Karāhiyyat Dhālik; Tirmidhī: 738; Ibn Mājah: 1651; Aḥmad: 2/442; ʿAbd al-Razzāq: 7325; Dārimī: 2/17; Ibn Ḥibbān: 3589; Sharḥ Maʿānī al-Āthār: 2/82]
