❖ Ruling on Prayer With Differing Beliefs Between Imam and Congregants
A frequently asked question arises when there is a difference in belief (Aqeedah) between an Imam and his followers (Muqtadis). Does such a difference impact the validity of the prayer?This matter can be divided into two clear categories:
❖ ① Fundamental Difference (Difference Between Islam and Kufr)
If the difference in belief involves fundamental tenets of Islam, such as the Oneness of Allah, Prophethood, or Finality of Prophethood, and the Imam has beliefs contrary to Islam, then:➤ The prayer behind such an Imam is invalid.
➤ It is impermissible to pray behind someone whose beliefs contradict the essential tenets of Islam.
This is because belief forms the foundation of religious practice, and prayer behind a disbeliever is not acceptable in Islam.
❖ ② Secondary Differences (Differences in Jurisprudential Opinions)
If the disagreement lies in jurisprudential (fiqhi) matters, such as differences among:✔ Ḥanafī
✔ Shāfi‘ī
✔ Mālikī
✔ Ḥanbalī
✔ Ahl al-Ḥadīth
…then:
➤ The prayer is valid behind such an Imam.
➤ These are considered legitimate differences within the bounds of Islam.
As long as the Imam and followers share core Islamic beliefs, their differences in secondary matters do not affect the validity of prayer.
❖ Summary
➊ If the difference is in matters of creed that distinguish belief from disbelief, then prayer is not valid behind such an Imam.➋ If the difference is in jurisprudential interpretations, then prayer is valid and permissible.
