Divorce Before Consummation and Validity of New Marriage
Source: Fatāwā Muḥammadiyyah, Vol. 1, Pg. 725
What do the esteemed scholars say regarding a man named Muḥammad ʿAbbās who issued a triple divorce (ṭalāq + ṭalāq + ṭalāq) to his wife ʿĀʾishah Ṣiddīqah before consummation of marriage (rukhsatī) by sending a written notice to the Chairman, Reconciliation Council, Pattoki?
After divorce, ʿĀʾishah Ṣiddīqah continued living with her parents just as she did before the marriage. Fourteen months later, both parties agreed to reconcile. Is it permissible for ʿĀʾishah Ṣiddīqah to live with Muḥammad ʿAbbās again through a new marriage?
Al-ḥamdu lillāh, waṣ-ṣalātu was-salāmu ʿalā Rasūlillāh. Ammā baʿd:
According to the question, this is a case of Bāʾin divorce (ṭalāq bāʾin – minor irrevocable) because the divorce took place before consummation (rukhsatī). In Islamic law, no ʿiddah (waiting period) is obligatory in such cases.
As stated in the Qur’ān:
﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا نَكَحْتُمُ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ ثُمَّ طَلَّقْتُمُوهُنَّ مِن قَبْلِ أَنْ تَمَسُّوهُنَّ فَمَا لَكُمْ عَلَيْهِنَّ مِنْ عِدَّةٍ تَعْتَدُّونَهَا …﴾
“O you who believe! When you marry believing women and then divorce them before you have touched them, then there is no ʿiddah (waiting period) for you to count against them…”
(Surah al-Aḥzāb: 49)
Therefore, a new marriage is Islamically valid.
Imām Muḥammad Ṣābiq al-Miṣrī writes in this regard:
"(وللزوج أن يعيد المطلقة طلاقا بائنا بينونة صغرى إلى عصمته بعقد ومهر جديدين، دون أن تتزوج زوجا آخر)"
s wife who was divorced with a minor irrevocable divorce (bāʾin baynūnah ṣughrā) into his wedlock through a new marriage contract and a new mahr, without her having to marry another man first."
(Fiqh al-Sunnah, Vol. 2, Pg. 237)
In this case, without ḥalālah, a new nikāḥ is permissible and valid according to Sharīʿah. Without doubt, such a marriage will be a sound and legitimate Islamic marriage.
وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ بِالصَّوَابِ
Source: Fatāwā Muḥammadiyyah, Vol. 1, Pg. 725❖ Question:
What do the esteemed scholars say regarding a man named Muḥammad ʿAbbās who issued a triple divorce (ṭalāq + ṭalāq + ṭalāq) to his wife ʿĀʾishah Ṣiddīqah before consummation of marriage (rukhsatī) by sending a written notice to the Chairman, Reconciliation Council, Pattoki?
After divorce, ʿĀʾishah Ṣiddīqah continued living with her parents just as she did before the marriage. Fourteen months later, both parties agreed to reconcile. Is it permissible for ʿĀʾishah Ṣiddīqah to live with Muḥammad ʿAbbās again through a new marriage?
❖ Answer:
Al-ḥamdu lillāh, waṣ-ṣalātu was-salāmu ʿalā Rasūlillāh. Ammā baʿd:
According to the question, this is a case of Bāʾin divorce (ṭalāq bāʾin – minor irrevocable) because the divorce took place before consummation (rukhsatī). In Islamic law, no ʿiddah (waiting period) is obligatory in such cases.
As stated in the Qur’ān:
﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا نَكَحْتُمُ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ ثُمَّ طَلَّقْتُمُوهُنَّ مِن قَبْلِ أَنْ تَمَسُّوهُنَّ فَمَا لَكُمْ عَلَيْهِنَّ مِنْ عِدَّةٍ تَعْتَدُّونَهَا …﴾
“O you who believe! When you marry believing women and then divorce them before you have touched them, then there is no ʿiddah (waiting period) for you to count against them…”
(Surah al-Aḥzāb: 49)❖ Validity of New Nikāḥ
Therefore, a new marriage is Islamically valid.
Imām Muḥammad Ṣābiq al-Miṣrī writes in this regard:
"(وللزوج أن يعيد المطلقة طلاقا بائنا بينونة صغرى إلى عصمته بعقد ومهر جديدين، دون أن تتزوج زوجا آخر)"
s wife who was divorced with a minor irrevocable divorce (bāʾin baynūnah ṣughrā) into his wedlock through a new marriage contract and a new mahr, without her having to marry another man first."
(Fiqh al-Sunnah, Vol. 2, Pg. 237)
Conclusion:
In this case, without ḥalālah, a new nikāḥ is permissible and valid according to Sharīʿah. Without doubt, such a marriage will be a sound and legitimate Islamic marriage.
وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ بِالصَّوَابِ
