Correct Belief of Participants in Shared Qurbani: Ruling and Fiqh Opinions

Is It Necessary for All Participants in a Qurbani to Be of Correct Belief?


Source: Fatawa ‘Ilmiyyah (Tawdih al-Ahkam), Vol. 2, p. 183

Condition of Belief for Participants in a Shared Sacrifice​

Question:
In the sacrifice of a cow or camel, is it necessary that all participants be people of correct creed (Ahl al-Tawhid)? Or is it permissible to perform Qurbani jointly with people of other sects, such as Barelvis or Deobandis?

Answer:​

الحمد لله، والصلاة والسلام علىٰ رسول الله، أما بعد!


If the person slaughtering the animal is a Muslim of correct creed, and he is performing the sacrifice of a cow or camel:

• The shares belonging to participants of correct creed will be valid and accepted by Allah ﷻ.
• If among the participants there is a person of incorrect belief (such as a Deobandi or Barelvi), the sacrifice of the other participants will still be valid.

However, it is better and more virtuous that all participants be Muslims of correct creed only.

Qur’anic Indication​

﴿كل نفس بما كسبت رهينة﴾
"Every soul is held in pledge for what it earns."


From the general meaning of this verse, it is understood that:

• The sacrifice of a person with correct belief is accepted.
• The sacrifice of a person with incorrect belief is rejected.

Fiqh Opinions​

Hanafi Fiqh:
According to the Hanafi school, if even one of the seven participants is a Christian or a person whose intention is only to obtain meat, then the sacrifice of all participants will be invalid.
(Al-Hidayah, Vol. 2, p. 449)


Shafi‘i Fiqh:
The Shafi‘is oppose the Hanafis on this specific issue.
(Al-Fiqh al-Islami wa Adillatuhu, Vol. 3, p. 605)


Note:
The Hanafi view on this matter is without clear evidence.


ھذا ما عندي والله أعلم بالصواب