Source: Sermons of Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq Zahid, compiled by: Tauheed.com
In the previous Friday sermon, we discussed the importance and obligation of Hajj in the light of the Quran and Hadith, the virtues of Hajj, some etiquettes of the Hajj journey, and detailed rulings of Umrah. Whereas in today's Friday sermon, the purpose is to explain the rulings of Hajj and likewise the etiquettes of visiting Madinah Munawwarah in detail.
8th of Dhu al-Hijjah (Yawm al-Tarwiyah)
From the place where you are residing in Makkah Mukarramah, put on the Ihram for Hajj. The method of Ihram for Hajj is the same as that of Umrah. Therefore, after cleaning and taking a bath and applying perfume on the body, wear the Ihram clothing. Then, while saying لَبَّیْكَ اللّٰهُمَّ حَجًّا, make the intention for Hajj and start reciting the Talbiyah, and continue reciting the Talbiyah until the stoning on the 10th of Dhu al-Hijjah, because the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, continued the Talbiyah until the stoning.
Reference: (Sahih al-Bukhari:1685 and 1670, Sahih Muslim:1281)
After donning the Ihram, depart for Mina before Zuhr. In Mina, shorten the prayers of Zuhr, Asr, Maghrib, Isha, and Fajr of the 9th of Dhu al-Hijjah and perform them at their respective times, and stay there overnight. This is the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ.
Reference: (Sahih al-Bukhari:1653,1655, Sahih Muslim:1309,694)
Hazrat Abdullah bin Abbas رضي الله عنه narrates that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ led us in the prayers of Zuhr, Asr, Maghrib, Isha, and Fajr in Mina, and after that, he ﷺ proceeded to Arafat.
Reference: (Sunan al-Tirmidhi:879. Authenticated by al-Albani)
The same is narrated by Hazrat Jabir رضي الله عنه in a lengthy hadith.
Reference: (Sahih Muslim:1218)
9th of Dhu al-Hijjah (Day of Arafah)
The Day of Arafah is an extremely significant day; standing at Arafat on this day is the most important pillar of Hajj. For this reason, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ declared the standing at Arafah as Hajj.
Reference: (Sunan al-Tirmidhi:889, Sunan Ibn Majah:3015. Authenticated by al-Albani)
Describing the virtue of this day, the Prophet ﷺ said:
(مَا مِنْ یَّوْمٍ أَکْثَرَ مِنْ أَنْ یُّعْتِقَ اللّٰہُ فِیْهِ عَبْدًا مِنَ النَّارِ مِنْ یَوْمِ عَرَفَةَ، وَإِنَّهُ لَیَدْنُوْ ثُمَّ یُبَاهِیْ بِهِمُ الْمَلَائِکَةَ فَیَقُوْلُ: مَا أَرَادَ هؤُلَاءِ؟)
Reference: (Sahih Muslim:1348)
"Allah Almighty frees His servants from the fire of Hell the most on the day of Arafat, and He comes close and boasts about them before the angels and says: What do these want?"
While Hazrat Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) stood at Arafat, and when the sun was about to set, he said to Hazrat Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him): O Bilal! Make the people quiet and turn their attention towards me. So he made the people quiet, then the Prophet (peace be upon him) said:
(مَعَاشِرَ النَّاسِ، أَتَانِیْ جِبْرِیْلُ آنِفًا، فَأَقْرَأَنِیْ مِنْ رَبِّیْ السَّلَامَ، وَقَالَ: إِنَّ اللّٰہَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ غَفَرَ لِأَهْلِ عَرَفَاتَ، وَأَهْلِ الْمَشْعَرِ، وَضَمِنَ عَنْهُمُ التَّبِعَاتِ)
"O congregation of people! Just now Jibreel (Gabriel) came to me, he conveyed the greetings of my Lord and said: Indeed, Allah Almighty has forgiven the people of Arafat and the people of Mash'ar and has taken upon Himself the responsibility of their rights."
Then Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up and said: O Messenger of Allah! Is this specific for us?
The Prophet (peace be upon him) said:
(هَذَا لَکُمْ وَلِمَنْ أَتٰی مِنْ بَعْدِکُمْ إِلٰی یَوْمِ الْقِیَامَةِ)
Reference: (Sahih al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib by Al-Albani:1151)
"This is for you and for every person who will come after you until the Day of Judgment."
And Hazrat Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) performed the Fajr prayer of the Day of Arafah in Mina, then (after sunrise) he (peace be upon him) proceeded to Arafat. Upon reaching Arafat, the Prophet (peace be upon him) descended at Nimrah, which is the place where the Imam descends in Arafat. When the time for Dhuhr prayer arrived, he (peace be upon him) combined Dhuhr and Asr prayers at their earliest time. Then the Prophet (peace be upon him) addressed the people: after that, he (peace be upon him) stood in Arafat.
Reference: (Sunan Abi Dawood:1913 and graded Hasan by Al-Albani)
➊ On the 9th of Dhu al-Hijjah, after sunrise, proceed towards Arafat while saying Takbeer and Talbiyah.
Muhammad bin Abi Bakr Al-Thaqafi narrates that he and Hazrat Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) were going from Mina to Arafat. On the way, he asked Hazrat Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) what he used to say with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) on that day. Hazrat Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) replied:
(کَانَ یُهِلُّ مِنَّا الْمُهِلُّ، فَلَا یُنْکَرُ عَلَیْهِ، وَیُکَبِّرُ مِنَّا الْمُکَبِّرُ، فَلَا یُنْکَرُ عَلَیْهِ)
Reference: (Sahih al-Bukhari:1659, Sahih Muslim:1285)
"None of us would say the Talbiyah and it would be rejected, nor would anyone say Takbeer and it would be rejected."
Upon reaching Arafat, make sure that you are within the boundaries of Arafah, then (after the sun has passed its zenith) if possible, listen to the Imam's Hajj sermon and pray the Dhuhr and Asr prayers combined and shortened with him. If that is not possible, then pray both prayers combined and shortened in congregation in your tent.
➋ Then remain engaged in remembrance, supplication, Talbiyah, and recitation of the Quran until sunset, showing humility and submission before Allah Almighty, sincerely repenting for your sins, and raising your hands to pray for goodness and well-being in this world and the Hereafter.
The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:
(خَیْرُ الدُّعَاءِ دُعَاءُ یَوْمِ عَرَفَةَ، وَخَیْرُ مَا قُلْتُ أَنَا وَالنَّبِیُّوْنَ مِنْ قَبْلِیْ۔۔۔)
"The best supplication is the supplication on the Day of Arafah, and the best supplication that I and the Prophets before me have made is this": "لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا اللّٰہُ وَحْدَہُ لَا شَرِیْكَ لَهُ، لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَلَہُ الْحَمْدُ، وَھُوَ عَلٰی کُلِّ شَئْیٍ قَدِیْرٌ"
Reference: (Sunan al-Tirmidhi: 3585, Hasanah by al-Albani. Al-Sahihah: 1503)
➌ The time for standing at Arafah is from the zenith of the sun until the dawn of the night of the 10th of Dhu al-Hijjah. During this period, if the pilgrim goes to Arafat even for a moment, this pillar of Hajj is fulfilled.
Hazrat Urwah bin Muzarris bin Aws رضي الله عنه narrates that I came to the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم when he was in Muzdalifah and was preparing for the Fajr prayer. I said: O Messenger of Allah! I have come from the two mountains of Tih, I put my mount to hardship and exhausted myself greatly. By Allah! I did not leave any sandy place in Arafat where I did not stand. So is my Hajj valid? He صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم said:
(مَنْ شَهِدَ صَلَاتَنَا هذِہٖ وَوَقَفَ مَعَنَا حَتّٰی نَدْفَعَ، وَقَدْ وَقَفَ بِعَرَفَةِ قَبْلَ ذٰلِكَ لَیْلًا أَوْ نَهَارًا، فَقَدْ أَتَمَّ حَجَّهُ وَقَضٰی تَفَثَهُ)
Reference: (Sunan al-Tirmidhi: 891, Sunan Ibn Majah: 3026. Graded authentic by Al-Albani)
"Whoever attends our prayer and stands with us until we depart from here (Mina), and he had already stood in Arafat at night or during the day before that, then his Hajj is complete and he has fulfilled his rituals."
Also, wherever one stands within the boundaries of Arafat, it is sufficient. The Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم said:
(وَقَفْتُ هَهُنَا، وَعَرَفَةُ کُلُّهَا مَوْقِفٌ)
Reference: (Sahih Muslim: 1218)
"I have stopped here, and the entire plain of Arafat is the place of standing."
➍ After sunset, depart from Arafat to Muzdalifah with utmost calmness.
Hazrat Abdullah bin Abbas (RA) narrates that on the Day of Arafah, he returned from Arafat with the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). When the Prophet (PBUH) heard the sounds of people urging the mounts to move faster and severe scolding behind him, he pointed towards them with his whip and said:
(أَیُّهَا النَّاسُ، عَلَیْکُمْ بِالسَّکِیْنَةِ فَإِنَّ الْبِرَّ لَیْسَ بِالْإِیْضَاعِ)
Reference: (Sahih al-Bukhari:1671)
"O people! Go with utmost calmness and tranquility, for righteousness is not in haste."
➎ On the Day of Arafah, perform the Maghrib prayer not in Arafat but after reaching Muzdalifah, combining it with Isha prayer.
Hazrat Usama bin Zaid (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that I was sitting behind the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) on his mount from Arafat. When he (peace be upon him) reached a valley on the left side, which is before Muzdalifah, he dismounted from his mount and then relieved himself. After that, the Prophet (peace be upon him) returned, and I poured water over him, and he performed a light ablution. I said: O Messenger of Allah! Should we pray now? He (peace be upon him) said: (اَلصَّلَاۃُ أَمَامَكَ) "We will pray later, after moving forward." Then the Prophet (peace be upon him) mounted his mount and proceeded until he reached Muzdalifah, where he then prayed.
Reference: (Sahih al-Bukhari:1669, Sahih Muslim:1280)
➏ In Muzdalifah, first offer the Maghrib and Isha prayers in congregation by combining and shortening them, then fulfill your needs and sleep. As Hazrat Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) combined the Maghrib and Isha prayers in Muzdalifah. A separate iqamah was called for each prayer, and between these two prayers and after them, the Prophet (peace be upon him) did not offer any voluntary prayers.
➐ It is permissible for women, the men and children accompanying them, and likewise for the weak, to leave Muzdalifah for Mina after midnight.
Reference: (Sahih al-Bukhari:1673)
It is narrated from Hazrat Abdullah bin Umar (RA) that among his family members, the weak people would stay at night in Muzdalifah near Al-Mash'ar Al-Haram and they would remember Allah as much as they wished. Then Hazrat Ibn Umar (RA) would send these weak people away from Muzdalifah early before the Imam's standing and before returning from Mina. Thus, some of them would reach Mina at the time of Fajr prayer and some after that. And as soon as they reached Mina, they would stone Jamrah Al-Aqaba. Hazrat Abdullah bin Umar (RA) used to say that the Messenger of Allah (SAW) had permitted these people to leave early from Muzdalifah to Mina.
Reference: (Sahih al-Bukhari: 1676, Sahih Muslim: 1295)
And Hazrat Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates that when we camped at Muzdalifah, Hazrat Saudah (may Allah be pleased with her) asked the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) for permission to leave for Mina before the crowd gathered. She was heavy-bodied and walked very slowly. Accordingly, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) granted her permission, so she left before the crowd gathered. We stayed with the Prophet (peace be upon him) until morning, then returned to Mina with him. And if I had also asked the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) for permission as Saudah had, it would have been better for me than what I was pleased with (staying with him).
Reference: (Sahih al-Bukhari:1681, Sahih Muslim:1290)
And Hazrat Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that I was among those whom the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) sent early from Muzdalifah to (Mina) with the weak members of his household.
Reference: (Sahih al-Bukhari: 1678, Sahih Muslim: 1293)
Some Mistakes:
◈ Staying outside the boundaries of Arafah
◈ Holding the belief that standing at Arafah is not complete without climbing Jabal al-Rahmah, whereas there is no special virtue in climbing Jabal al-Rahmah nor is it an act of reward.
◈ Leaving Arafat before sunset.
◈ Upon reaching Muzdalifah, instead of offering Maghrib and Isha prayers first, engaging in picking up pebbles.
◈ Offering Nawafil (voluntary prayers) during the night of Muzdalifah.
10th Dhu al-Hijjah (Day of Eid)
➊ Perform the Fajr prayer in Muzdalifah, then remain engaged in remembrance, supplication, and recitation of the Quran facing the Qiblah until the morning light spreads.
➋ To stone the large Jamarah, one can pick up pebbles from Muzdalifah about the size of large chickpeas. However, it is not necessary that they must be picked from Muzdalifah. As Hazrat Abdullah bin Abbas (RA) narrates that when the Messenger of Allah (SAW) reached Al-Mash'ar Al-Haram in Muzdalifah while returning to Mina, he said:
(عَلَیْکُمْ بِحَصَی الْخَذْفِ الَّذِیْ یُرْمٰی بِهِ الْجَمْرَۃُ)
Reference: (Sahih Muslim:1282)
"Take pebbles with which the Jamarah will be stoned."
During the days of Tashreeq, it is not necessary to pick pebbles from Muzdalifah to stone the Jamarat; they can also be picked from Mina.
➌ Then depart for Mina before sunrise, walking briskly while passing through the valley of Al-Mash'ar Al-Haram.
➍ Upon reaching near the large Jamarah in Mina, stop reciting Talbiyah and stone the large Jamarah, which faces towards Makkah, by throwing seven pebbles one by one, saying "Allahu Akbar" with each pebble. Weak or sick men, children, and similarly weak or elderly women can appoint someone else as their representative to throw the pebbles.
Hazrat Jabir bin Abdullah (RA) narrates that the Holy Prophet (PBUH) used to throw pebbles at the Jamrah on the day of Nahr at mid-morning and on other days after the decline of the sun.
Reference: (Sahih Muslim:1299)
And when Hazrat Abdullah bin Masood (RA) reached the Jamrah Kabirah, he positioned the Kaaba on his left side and Mina on his right side, and threw seven pebbles at the large Jamrah, then said: This is how the person upon whom Surah Al-Baqarah was revealed threw the pebbles.
Reference: (Sahih Bukhari:1748, Sahih Muslim:1296)
➎ Then slaughter the sacrificial animal which should be free from defects and of the required age. It is not permissible to ignore the age of the animal for sacrifice or to sacrifice a defective animal. Remember that you can perform the sacrifice on the 11th, 12th, or 13th of Dhu al-Hijjah.
After slaughtering the sacrificial animal, take its meat for yourself and also distribute it among the poor. Allah Almighty says:
﴿وَيَذْكُرُوا۟ ٱسْمَ ٱللَّهِ فِىٓ أَيَّامٍ مَّعْلُومَٰتٍ عَلَىٰ مَا رَزَقَهُم مِّنۢ بَهِيمَةِ ٱلْأَنْعَٰمِ ۖ فَكُلُوا۟ مِنْهَا وَأَطْعِمُوا۟ ٱلْبَآئِسَ ٱلْفَقِيرَ ﴿٢٨﴾
Reference: (Al-Hajj 22:28)
"And slaughter the cattle that Allah has given you as provision, on specified days, and eat thereof and feed the poor who are hungry."
It is also possible that you deposit money in a trusted partnership (company) that will be obligated to perform the sacrifice on your behalf, and if you (are performing Hajj Tamattu and) are unable to sacrifice due to financial hardship, then you must fast for ten days: three days during Hajj and seven after returning home.
Allah Almighty says:
﴿فَإِذَآ أَمِنتُمْ فَمَن تَمَتَّعَ بِٱلْعُمْرَةِ إِلَى ٱلْحَجِّ فَمَا ٱسْتَيْسَرَ مِنَ ٱلْهَدْىِ ۚ فَمَن لَّمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُ ثَلَٰثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فِى ٱلْحَجِّ وَسَبْعَةٍ إِذَا رَجَعْتُمْ ۗ تِلْكَ عَشَرَةٌ كَامِلَةٌ ۗ ذَٰلِكَ لِمَن لَّمْ يَكُنْ أَهْلُهُۥ حَاضِرِى ٱلْمَسْجِدِ ٱلْحَرَامِ ۚ وَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ وَٱعْلَمُوٓا۟ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ شَدِيدُ ٱلْعِقَابِ ﴿١٩٦﴾
Reference: (Al-Baqarah 2:196)
"Then, when you are in a state of peace, whoever performs Tamattu' from Umrah to Hajj (i.e., performs Umrah, then comes out of Ihram, and then assumes Ihram for Hajj), he should slaughter the sacrificial animal that is available. If he does not find an animal, then he should fast for three days during the days of Hajj and seven days after returning home; these complete ten days. This ruling is for those who are not residents of the Sacred Mosque (Ahl al-Haram). And fear Allah, and know that Allah is severe in punishment."
➏ Then shave the head or cut the hair short; however, shaving the head is preferable because the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, prayed for forgiveness (and in one narration, mercy) three times for those who shaved their heads, while for those who cut their hair short, he prayed this once only.
Hazrat Abu Hurairah (RA) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: (اَللّٰهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِلْمُحَلِّقِیْنَ) "O Allah! Forgive those who shave (their heads)." The people said: O Messenger of Allah! Also pray for those who cut their hair short. He (ﷺ) again said: (اَللّٰهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِلْمُحَلِّقِیْنَ) "O Allah! Forgive those who shave (their heads)." The people said: O Messenger of Allah! Also pray for those who cut their hair short. He (ﷺ) again said: (اَللّٰهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِلْمُحَلِّقِیْنَ) "O Allah! Forgive the sins of those who shave (their heads)." The people said: O Messenger of Allah! Also pray for those who cut their hair short. Then for the fourth time, he (ﷺ) said: (وَلِلْمُقَصِّرِیْنَ) "And also forgive those who cut their hair short."
Reference: (Sahih al-Bukhari: 1728, Sahih Muslim: 1302)
Whereas in the narration of Hazrat Abdullah bin Umar (RA), the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) prayed (three times) as follows: (رَحِمَ اللّٰہُ الْمُحَلِّقِیْنَ) "May Allah have mercy on those who shave (their heads)." Then for the fourth time, he said: (وَالْمُقَصِّرِیْنَ) "May Allah also have mercy on those who cut their hair short."
Reference: (Sahih al-Bukhari: 1727, Sahih Muslim: 1301)
And Hazrat Anas bin Malik (RA) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) threw pebbles at Jamrat al-Aqaba, then he (ﷺ) went to his camels and sacrificed them. Meanwhile, the barber was sitting there; the Prophet (ﷺ) pointed towards his blessed head and said to him, "Come and shave." So he first shaved from the right side, and the Prophet (ﷺ) distributed the hair from that side among the people around him. Then the Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Now shave from the left side." After that, the Prophet (ﷺ) called Hazrat Abu Talha (RA) and gave him the hair from that side.
Reference: (Sahih Muslim:1305)
Women should cut hair from each braid equal to the length of one finger.
With this, you will attain the minor release from Ihram. That is, all the acts that were prohibited due to Ihram will become permissible, except for approaching the wife, which will be allowed after the Tawaf al-Ifadah. Therefore, you should remove Ihram, perform cleaning and bathing, wear your regular clothes, and proceed to the Kaaba for Tawaf al-Ifadah. The Divine command is:
﴿ثُمَّ لْيَقْضُوا۟ تَفَثَهُمْ وَلْيُوفُوا۟ نُذُورَهُمْ وَلْيَطَّوَّفُوا۟ بِٱلْبَيْتِ ٱلْعَتِيقِ ﴿٢٩﴾
Reference: (Al-Hajj 22:29)
"Then let them cleanse themselves, complete their vows, and perform the Tawaf of the Ancient House (Kaaba)."
➐ Tawaf al-Ifadah is a pillar of Hajj. If for some reason you are unable to perform Tawaf al-Ifadah on the 10th of Dhu al-Hijjah, you can do it later. If women are menstruating, they should perform Tawaf after becoming pure. If they become pure after stoning the Jamarat during the days of Tashreeq and need to depart for their homeland, it is correct for them to intend Tawaf al-Wida (farewell Tawaf) while performing Tawaf al-Ifadah. And if they do not become pure until the caravan departs and the caravan cannot wait for them, they should perform ghusl, wear an izar (waist cloth), and perform Tawaf.
➑ After Tawaf, pray two rak'ahs behind Maqam Ibrahim, then perform Sa'i between Safa and Marwah, and return to Mina where it is obligatory to spend the night of the 11th.
➒ The four acts of the 10th of Dhu al-Hijjah (stoning the Jamarat, sacrifice, shaving or trimming hair, Tawaf and Sa'i) should be performed in the order mentioned, as it is Sunnah to do so. However, it is also permissible to change the order.
Hazrat Abdullah bin Amr bin Al-As (RA) narrates that during the Farewell Pilgrimage, the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) stood in Mina, and people began to ask him questions. Then a person came and said: O Messenger of Allah! I did not realize, and I shaved my head before the sacrifice. The Prophet (PBUH) said:
(اِذْبَحْ وَلَا حَرَجَ) "Go and perform the sacrifice; there is no harm in that." Then another person came and said: O Messenger of Allah! I also did not realize, and I performed the sacrifice before stoning. The Prophet (PBUH) said:
(اِرْمِ وَلَا حَرَجَ) "Go and perform the stoning; there is no harm in that." After that, when questions were asked about the precedence and delay of these matters, the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said:
(اِفْعَلْ وَلا حَرَجَ) "Go and do it; there is no harm."
Reference: (Sahih al-Bukhari:1736, Sahih Muslim:1306)
Days of Tashreeq
➊ It is obligatory to spend the nights of 11th and 12th Dhu al-Hijjah in Mina. After stoning on the 12th, one may leave Mina; however, it is preferable to spend the night of the 13th there and then stone on the 13th before leaving. During these days, all three Jamaraat must be stoned, and the time for this is from the zenith of the sun until midnight.
Hazrat Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:
(لَمَّا أَتٰی إِبْرَاهِیْمُ خَلِیْلُ اللّٰہِ الْمَنَاسِكَ عَرَضَ لَهُ الشَّیْطَانُ عِنْدَ جَمْرَۃِ الْعَقَبَةِ، فَرَمَاہُ بِسَبْعِ حَصَیَاتٍ حَتّٰی سَاخَ فِیْ الْأَرْضِ، ثُمَّ عَرَضَ لَهُ عِنْدَ الْجَمْرَۃِ الثَّانِیَةِ فَرَمَاہُ بِسَبْعِ حَصَیَاتٍ حَتّٰی سَاخَ فِیْ الْأَرْضِ، ثُمَّ عَرَضَ لَهُ عِنْدَ الْجَمْرَۃِ الثَّالِثَةِ فَرَمَاہُ بِسَبْعِ حَصَیَاتٍ حَتّٰی سَاخَ فِیْ الْأَرْضِ)
"When Hazrat Ibrahim Khalilullah (peace be upon him) came to perform the rituals, Satan appeared before him near Jamrat al-Aqaba. So he threw seven pebbles at him until he sank into the ground. Then he appeared before him near the second Jamrah, and he again threw seven pebbles at him until he sank into the ground. Then he appeared before him near the third Jamrah, and he again threw seven pebbles at him until he sank into the ground."
Then Hazrat Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: You are stoning Satan and following the religion of your father Ibrahim (peace be upon him).
Reference: (Narrated by Ibn Khuzaymah and Al-Hakim. Sahih Al-Targhib wal-Tarheeb:1156)
➋ First, throw seven pebbles one by one at the small Jamrah, saying "Allahu Akbar" with each pebble, then similarly throw pebbles at the medium Jamrah. If you need to throw pebbles on behalf of someone else, first throw your own pebbles and then throw theirs. After stoning the small and medium Jamrah, it is Sunnah to face the Qiblah, raise your hands, and make dua.
➌ Then throw pebbles at the large Jamrah in the same manner. After that, it is not Sunnah to make dua. Salim bin Abdullah, may Allah have mercy on him, narrates that Hazrat Abdullah bin Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, used to throw seven pebbles at the small Jamrah, saying Allahu Akbar with each pebble, then move forward until he reached the flat ground. After that, he would face the Qiblah and stand for a long time, raising his hands and making dua. Then he would throw pebbles at the middle Jamrah, then move to the left side and upon reaching the flat ground, face the Qiblah and stand for a considerable time, raising his hands and making dua. Then he would throw pebbles at Jamrah Aqabah from the valley side and after that, he would not stand but leave. Then he said: (هَکَذَا رَأَیْتُ النَّبِیَّ صلي الله عليه وسلم یَفْعَلُهُ) meaning I saw the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, doing the same.
Reference: (Sahih al-Bukhari:1751, 1752, 1753)
➍ Pebbles for stoning the three Jamrahs can be picked up from anywhere in Mina.
➎ Throw the pebbles aiming at the Jamrahs and, as much as possible, get close to them while throwing.
➏ Considering the Jamarat as Satan and cursing or throwing shoes at them is ignorance.
➐ Spend the free time of the days of Tashreeq in the obedience of Allah Almighty, remember Allah as much as possible, and observe congregational prayers.
Allah Almighty says:
﴿ فَإِذَا قَضَيْتُم مَّنَٰسِكَكُمْ فَٱذْكُرُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ كَذِكْرِكُمْ ءَابَآءَكُمْ أَوْ أَشَدَّ ذِكْرًا﴾
Reference: (Al-Baqarah 2:200)
"Then, when you have completed your rites, remember Allah as you used to remember your forefathers, or with even more remembrance."
He also said:
﴿وَٱذْكُرُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ فِىٓ أَيَّامٍ مَّعْدُودَٰتٍ ۚ فَمَن تَعَجَّلَ فِى يَوْمَيْنِ فَلَآ إِثْمَ عَلَيْهِ وَمَن تَأَخَّرَ فَلَآ إِثْمَ عَلَيْهِ ۚ لِمَنِ ٱتَّقَىٰ﴾
Reference: (Al-Baqarah 2:203)
"And remember Allah during the appointed days. Then whoever hastens on the two days, there is no sin upon him; and whoever delays, there is no sin upon him - for those who fear Allah."
From this noble verse, it is established that if you wish to leave Mina on the 12th of Dhu al-Hijjah, you may do so provided you leave the boundaries of Mina by throwing pebbles before sunset. However, it is better to spend the night of the 13th there and then leave Mina after throwing pebbles on the 13th.
Some mistakes:
◄ Washing the pebbles.
◄ Throwing seven pebbles at once instead of one by one.
◄ Not observing the prescribed time for throwing pebbles.
◄ Reversing the order of throwing pebbles at the small, then medium, and then large Jamrah.
◄ Not making dua after throwing pebbles at the small and medium Jamrah.
◄ Throwing large-sized pebbles or stones while the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ used to throw small-sized pebbles.
Reference: (Sahih Muslim:1299)
◄ Not spending the nights of the Days of Tashreeq in Mina.
Farewell Tawaf
Performing the Farewell Tawaf before departing from Makkah is obligatory.
The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ said:
(لَا یَنْفِرَنَّ أَحَدٌ حَتّٰی یَکُوْنَ آخِرَ عَهْدِہٖ بِالْبَیْتِ)
Reference: (Sahih Muslim:1327)
"No one should leave until he performs the Tawaf of the House (Ka'bah) last."
Yes, if women are menstruating during specific days, then Tawaf al-Wida (Farewell Tawaf) is not obligatory upon them. Hazrat Abdullah bin Abbas (RA) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) instructed the people that the last act in the rituals of Hajj should be the Tawaf of the Kaaba, however, a menstruating woman was permitted to perform it.
Reference: (Sahih al-Bukhari:1755, Sahih Muslim:1328)
From this hadith, it is also understood that the last act in the rituals of Hajj is the Tawaf of the Kaaba. Therefore, performing Tawaf al-Wida before stoning the Jamaraat on the 12th and 13th of Dhu al-Hijjah is not correct.
It should be noted that it is not proper to exit the Masjid al-Haram walking backward after Tawaf al-Wida.
We pray to Allah, the Almighty, to grant us all an accepted Hajj. Ameen.
The famous hadith of Hazrat Jabir (RA) regarding the blessed Hajj of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH)
Now we mention the famous hadith of Hazrat Jabir رضي الله عنه regarding the condition of the blessed Hajj of the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم, and the purpose of this is twofold: first, so that we may know what the condition of the Hajj of the Messenger of Allah صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم was; second, so that we may be reminded again of the rulings of Hajj that we have mentioned so far, and the rulings of Hajj may be firmly established in our minds.
Muhammad bin Ali bin Hussain, may Allah have mercy on him, narrates that he asked Hazrat Jabir bin Abdullah, may Allah be pleased with him, about the manner in which the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, performed Hajj. He replied: "The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, stayed in Medina for nine years, during which he did not perform Hajj. Then, in the tenth year, he announced that he would perform Hajj that year. Upon hearing this, many people gathered in Medina. Each one of them wanted to follow the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, and perform Hajj in the same way as he would. So we set out with the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, until when we reached Dhu al-Hulayfah, Hazrat Asma bint Umais, may Allah be pleased with her, gave birth to Muhammad bin Abi Bakr, may Allah have mercy on him, and she sent a message to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, asking what she should do now. The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, replied: (اِغْتَسِلِیْ، وَاسْتَثْفِرِیْ بِثَوْبٍ، وَأَحْرِمِیْ) 'Take a bath, wear the loincloth, and make the intention for Ihram.' After that, the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, prayed in the mosque, then mounted the she-camel (Al-Qaswa). When your mount stood straight in Al-Bidaa, I saw that in front of you, on your right side, left side, and behind you (all around) there were people as far as the eye could see. Some were mounted, and some were on foot, and the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, was among us. At that time, the revelation of the Holy Qur'an was ongoing, and the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, was familiar with its interpretation. Whatever actions the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, performed, we also performed the same. Thus, the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, made the intention of Ihram with the declaration of the Oneness of Allah and recited this Talbiyah:
(لَبَّیْكَ اللّٰهُمَّ لَبَّیْكَ‘ لَبَّیْكَ لَا شَرِیْكَ لَكَ لَبَّیْكَ‘ إنَّ الْحَمْدَ وَالنّعْمَ لَكَ وَالْمُلْكَ‘ لَا شَرِیْكَ لَكَ)
"I am present, O Allah, I am present. I am present, You have no partner. I am present. Indeed, all praise, blessings, and sovereignty belong to You. You have no partner." The people also began to recite this Talbiyah, and the Prophet ﷺ did not reject a single word of it. The Prophet ﷺ continued to recite this Talbiyah. Hazrat Jabir رضي الله عنه says: We intended to perform Hajj because we did not even know about Umrah. When we reached the House of Allah with the Prophet ﷺ, he touched the Black Stone (Hajr al-Aswad), then in the first three circuits he walked with a brisk pace (Raml), and completed the remaining four circuits at a normal pace. Then the Prophet ﷺ came to Maqam Ibrahim and recited this verse: ﴿وَٱتَّخِذُوا۟ مِن مَّقَامِ إِبْرَٰهِـۧمَ مُصَلًّى﴾ He prayed two Rak'ahs between Maqam Ibrahim and the Ka'bah, in which he recited Surah Al-Kafirun and Surah Al-Ikhlas. Then the Prophet ﷺ returned to the Black Stone and touched it again. After that, the Prophet ﷺ proceeded towards Safa, and when he approached Safa, he recited this verse: ﴿ إِنَّ ٱلصَّفَا وَٱلْمَرْوَةَ مِن شَعَآئِرِ ٱللَّهِ ﴾ and said: (أَبْدَأُ بِمَا بَدَأَ اللّٰہُ بِهِ) "I also start from where Allah Almighty started."
Thus, the Prophet ﷺ started from Safa and climbed upon it until he saw the Kaaba. Then, turning towards it, he proclaimed the oneness and greatness of Allah and said: (لَا إلٰهَ إلَّا اللّٰہُ وَحْدَہُ لَا شَرِیْكَ لَهُ‘ لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ ‘وَھُوَ عَلٰی کُلّ شَیْئٍ قَدِیْرٌ، لَا إلٰهَ إلَّا اللّٰہُ وَحْدَہُ‘ أنْجَزَ وَعْدَہُ وَنَصَرَ عَبْدَہُ وَھَزَمَ الأحْزَابَ وَحْدَہُ) Then the Prophet ﷺ supplicated during this time. He did this three times in the same manner. After that, the Prophet ﷺ proceeded towards Marwah until his feet reached the middle of the valley, then he ran until the ascent began, after which he walked at a normal pace until he reached Marwah. There, he did the same as he had done on Safa, and when his final circuit at Marwah was completed, the Prophet ﷺ said:
(لَوْ أَنِّیْ اسْتَقْبَلْتُ مِنْ أَمْرِیْ مَا اسْتَدْبَرْتُ لَمْ أَسُقِ الْهَدْیَ وَجَعَلْتُهَا عُمْرَۃً، فَمَنْ کَانَ مِنْکُمْ لَیْسَ مَعَهُ هَدْیٌ فَلْیَحِلَّ، وَلْیَجْعَلْهَا عُمْرَۃً)
"Now that I have come to know this, if I had known it earlier, I would not have brought a sacrificial animal and would have performed Umrah instead. Therefore, whoever among you does not have a sacrificial animal, let it be permissible for him and let him consider it as Umrah."
Upon hearing this, Hazrat Suraqah bin Malik (RA) stood up and said: O Messenger of Allah! Is this command only for this year or is it for always? The Prophet (PBUH) interlaced the fingers of his hands twice and said: (دَخَلَتِ الْعُمْرَۃُ فِیْ الْحَجِّ) "Umrah has entered into Hajj." And this is for always. Hazrat Ali (RA) brought the camels of the Prophet (PBUH) from Yemen, and he saw that Hazrat Fatimah (RA) had become permissible (halal) and she was wearing dyed clothes and had applied kohl. Seeing this, he said to Hazrat Fatimah (RA) that you should not have done this. She replied that my father (Prophet Muhammad PBUH) commanded me to do so. Hazrat Jabir (RA) says that Hazrat Ali (RA) used to narrate in Iraq that I came to the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) with the complaint of what Hazrat Fatimah (RA) had done, and I wanted to know your opinion about what Hazrat Fatimah (RA) told you that you had commanded her to do so. I also told the Prophet (PBUH) that I told Hazrat Fatimah (RA) that you should not have done this, to which the Prophet (PBUH) replied: (صَدَقَتْ، صَدَقَتْ، مَاذَا قُلْتَ حِیْنَ فَرَضْتَ الْحَجَّ ؟) "She has spoken the truth, she has spoken the truth. And tell me, when you made Hajj obligatory upon yourself, what was your intention?" I requested: I said, O Allah! I intend Ihram with that with which Your Messenger intended. The Prophet (PBUH) said: "With me there is also sacrifice (and just as I did not become permissible), you also cannot become permissible." Hazrat Jabir (RA) narrates that Hazrat Ali (RA) brought one hundred sacrificial animals from Yemen to the Messenger of Allah (PBUH). Then all the people became permissible (halal) and they cut their hair except the Prophet (PBUH) and those who had sacrifices with them. Then when the Day of Tarwiyah (8th of Dhu al-Hijjah) came, all the people made the intention for Hajj and set out towards Mina. The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) also mounted his ride and reached Mina, where he prayed Zuhr, Asr, Maghrib, Isha, and (on 9th Dhu al-Hijjah) Fajr prayers. After Fajr prayer, the Prophet (PBUH) stayed for a while until the sun rose, then he ordered that a tent be pitched for him at Namirah in Arafat. Then he set out. The Quraysh were certain that he would stand at Al-Mash'ar Al-Haram as the Quraysh used to do in the days of ignorance, but the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) passed it and reached Arafat. He saw that a tent had been pitched for him at Namirah. So the Prophet (PBUH) entered it and stayed there until the sun set, then he ordered that Al-Qaswa be prepared. Accordingly, a saddle was placed on it, and the Prophet (PBUH) mounted it and reached the middle of the valley where he delivered the sermon…
[After Eid al-Adha, this sermon will be discussed in detail, InshaAllah] After that, (the Mu'adhdhin) called the Adhan and then the Iqamah, and the Prophet ﷺ led the Zuhr prayer. Then the second Iqamah was called, and the Prophet ﷺ led the Asr prayer. Between these two prayers, the Prophet ﷺ did not offer any other prayer (Nafl, etc.). Afterwards, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ mounted Suraiya and proceeded to the place of standing (Waqf) in Arafat. The Prophet ﷺ positioned his she-camel (Al-Qaswa) with its belly towards the stones and the pedestrians in front of him, facing the Qiblah, and stood there until sunset. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ seated Hazrat Usama (RA) behind him and departed towards Muzdalifah in that state, pulling the reins of his she-camel (Al-Qaswa) tightly until its head reached the part of the saddle where a rider, tired, rests his feet. The Prophet ﷺ was signaling with his right hand and said: (أَیُّهَا النَّاسُ، اَلسَّکِیْنَةَ السَّکِیْنَةَ) "O people! Walk calmly and peacefully." When the Noble Prophet ﷺ reached any flat land, he loosened the reins of his mount until it began to climb (a hill or similar). When the Prophet ﷺ arrived at Muzdalifah, he performed the Maghrib and Isha prayers with one Adhan and two Iqamahs, and did not offer any (Nafl) prayer between them. Afterwards, the Prophet ﷺ slept until Fajr dawned, and when the time of Fajr became clear, he performed the Fajr prayer with Adhan and Iqamah. Then the Prophet ﷺ mounted Al-Qaswa and came to Al-Mash'ar Al-Haram, where he faced the Qiblah and supplicated to Allah, glorifying Him and affirming His Oneness, and remained in that state until the morning light spread. After that, before sunrise, the Prophet ﷺ departed for Mina. From there, he mounted Hazrat Al-Fadl bin Abbas (RA) behind him, who was very handsome and had beautiful hair. When women began to pass by the Prophet ﷺ, Hazrat Al-Fadl bin Abbas (RA) started looking at them. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ placed his hand on his face, but Hazrat Al-Fadl (RA) turned his face away and looked at the women again. Then the Prophet ﷺ placed his hand on his face from the other side as well so that he would not look at the women, until they reached the middle of the valley of Muhassir. Here, the Prophet ﷺ quickened his mount and turned towards the path leading to Jamrat Al-Aqaba. When the Noble Prophet ﷺ reached the large Jamrah near the tree, he threw seven pebbles at it from the middle of the valley. With each pebble, the Prophet ﷺ said Takbir. The pebbles were small in size. After that, the Prophet ﷺ went to the slaughtering place where he sacrificed sixty-three (63) camels, and the remaining animals were given by the Prophet ﷺ to Hazrat Ali (RA), who slaughtered them. The Prophet ﷺ included Hazrat Ali (RA) in his sacrifices, then ordered that some meat be taken from each sacrifice. Accordingly, meat was taken from each sacrifice and placed in a pot, and when the meat was cooked, both of them ate the meat and drank its broth. Afterwards, the Prophet ﷺ mounted his mount and proceeded to perform the Tawaf al-Ifadah around the Ka'bah. The Prophet ﷺ performed the Zuhr prayer inside the Ka'bah. After that, he went to Bani Abdul Muttalib, who were giving Zamzam water to the pilgrims, and said: (اِنْزَعُوْا بَنِیْ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ، فَلَوْ لَا أَنْ یَّغْلِبَکُمُ النَّاسُ عَلٰی سِقَایَتِکُمْ لَنَزَعْتُ مَعَکُمْ) "O Bani Abdul Muttalib! Draw water with the bucket, and if I were not afraid that people would overpower you, I would also draw water with you and give it to the pilgrims." Then they gave the Prophet ﷺ the bucket from which he drank Zamzam water.
Reference: (Sahih Muslim: 1218)
This was the method of Hajj of the Holy Prophet ﷺ. We pray that Allah grants us the ability to follow in your footsteps ﷺ.
Gentlemen! Hajj is completed in Makkah Mukarramah, however, it is recommended to travel to Madinah Tayyibah with the intention of gaining the reward of praying in the Prophet's Mosque. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:
(صَلاَۃٌ فِیْ مَسْجِدِیْ هَذَا خَیْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفِ صَلَاۃٍ فِیْمَا سِوَاہُ إِلَّا الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرَامَ)
Reference: (Sahih al-Bukhari:1190, Sahih Muslim:1394)
"One prayer in my mosque is better than a thousand prayers in other mosques, except for the Masjid al-Haram."
Etiquettes of Visiting the Prophet's Mosque
➊ Upon reaching the Prophet's Mosque, offer the Tahiyyat al-Masjid prayer. If possible, go to the Rawdah between the house and the pulpit because the Messenger of Allah ﷺ described it as a garden of Paradise. It is narrated:
(مَا بَیْنَ بَیْتِیْ وَمِنْبَرِیْ رَوْضَةٌ مِنْ رِیَاضِ الْجَنَّةِ)
Reference: (Sahih al-Bukhari:1195, Sahih Muslim:1390)
"The space between my house and my pulpit is one of the gardens of Paradise."
Then, if it is time for a compulsory prayer, first perform the obligatory prayer in congregation.
➋ Then come in front of the blessed grave of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, recite Durood and Salaam, and it is better to recite the Durood Ibrahim, which is recited in the prayer. Then also send Salaam to his two companions, Hazrat Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, and Hazrat Umar, may Allah be pleased with him.
➌ If you wish to make Dua, do so anywhere in the Prophet's Mosque, facing the Qibla.
➍ It is absolutely incorrect to wipe your hands on the blessed Rawdah or to perform Tawaf around it.
➎ It is recommended for men to visit the graves of those buried in Baqi' al-Gharqad and similarly the graves of the martyrs of Uhud, may Allah be pleased with them, to send Salaam to them and make Dua for them.
The Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, taught his Ummah this Dua:
(السَّلَامٌ عَلٰی أَهْلِ الدِّیَارِ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِیْنَ وَالْمُسْلِمِیْنَ، وَیَرْحَمُ اللّٰہُ الْمُسْتَقْدِمِیْنَ مِنَّا وَمِنْکُمْ وَالْمُسْتَأْخِرِیْنَ، وَإِنَّا إِنْ شَائَ اللّٰہُ بِکُمْ لَلَاحِقُوْنَ، نَسْأَلُ اللّٰہَ لَنَا وَلَکُمُ الْعَافِیَةَ)
Reference: (Sahih Muslim:974, Sunan an-Nasa'i:2037 and 2040, Sunan Ibn Majah:1547)
"Peace be upon the believing men and women living in those houses, and, God willing, we will meet you. May Allah's mercy be upon us and upon you, upon those who went before and those who remain behind. We ask Allah for well-being for ourselves and for you."
➏ Apart from the Prophet's Mosque, among the mosques of Madinah Tayyibah, only praying in Masjid Quba has a special virtue because the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, used to go to Masjid Quba and perform two rak'ahs of prayer there. He, peace be upon him, stated its virtue by saying:
(مَنْ تَطَهَّرَ فِیْ بَیْتِه ثُمَّ أَتٰی مَسْجِدَ قُبَاءَ فَصَلّٰی فِیْهِ صَلَاۃً کَانَ لَهُ کَأَجْرِ عُمْرَۃٍ)
Reference: (Sunan al-Tirmidhi, Sunan al-Nasa'i, Sunan Ibn Majah, Ibn Hibban. Graded authentic by al-Albani)
"Whoever performs ablution at home, then comes to Masjid Quba and prays in it, will receive the reward equivalent to that of Umrah."
There is no established special virtue for praying in other mosques, so it is not correct to intend to visit them for the sake of reward.
Some mistakes:
❀ Intend to visit the grave of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and travel to Madinah Tayyibah.
❀ Send salutations to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ through the pilgrims.
❀ After every prayer, go towards the Rawdah of the Prophet ﷺ or face it and stand with utmost respect.
❀ Use the Prophet ﷺ as an intercessor in your supplications.
❀ Observe forty prayers in Madinah Tayyibah, although the commonly mentioned hadith regarding this is weak and not authoritative.
At the conclusion of the sermon, we all pray that Allah grants us an accepted Hajj. Ameen.
