When Does the First Hour of Jumu‘ah Begin? – Complete Explanation
Source: Fatāwā Arkān-e-Islām
Question:
When does the first hour of Jumu‘ah begin?
Answer:
Al-ḥamdu lillāh, waṣ-ṣalātu was-salāmu ‘alā Rasūlillāh, ammā ba‘d!
The five hours mentioned by the Messenger of Allah ﷺ are clearly explained in the following ḥadīth:
«مَنِ اغْتَسَلَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ غُسْلَ الْجَنَابَةِ ثُمَّ رَاح فِي السَّاعَةِ الأُولَىٰ فَكَأَنَّمَا قَرَّبَ بَدَنَةً، وَمَنْ رَاحَ فِي السَّاعَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ فَكَأَنَّمَا قَرَّبَ بَقَرَةً، وَمَنْ رَاحَ فِي السَّاعَةِ الثَّالِثَةِ فَكَأَنَّمَا قَرَّبَ كَبْشًا أَقْرَنَ، وَمَنْ رَاحَ فِي السَّاعَةِ الرَّابِعَةِ فَكَأَنَّمَا قَرَّبَ دَجَاجَةً، وَمَنْ رَاحَ فِي السَّاعَةِ الْخَامِسَةِ فَكَأَنَّمَا قَرَّبَ بَيْضَةً»
(Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Jumu‘ah, Bāb Faḍl al-Jumu‘ah, ḥadīth: 881; Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim, Kitāb al-Jumu‘ah, Bāb aṭ-Ṭīb wa as-Siwāk Yawm al-Jumu‘ah, ḥadīth: 850)
Meaning:
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ divided the time from sunrise on Friday until the imām’s arrival for the khutbah or prayer into five hours.
ھٰذا ما عندي والله أعلم بالصواب
Source: Fatāwā Arkān-e-Islām
Question:
When does the first hour of Jumu‘ah begin?
Answer:
Al-ḥamdu lillāh, waṣ-ṣalātu was-salāmu ‘alā Rasūlillāh, ammā ba‘d!
The five hours mentioned by the Messenger of Allah ﷺ are clearly explained in the following ḥadīth:
«مَنِ اغْتَسَلَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ غُسْلَ الْجَنَابَةِ ثُمَّ رَاح فِي السَّاعَةِ الأُولَىٰ فَكَأَنَّمَا قَرَّبَ بَدَنَةً، وَمَنْ رَاحَ فِي السَّاعَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ فَكَأَنَّمَا قَرَّبَ بَقَرَةً، وَمَنْ رَاحَ فِي السَّاعَةِ الثَّالِثَةِ فَكَأَنَّمَا قَرَّبَ كَبْشًا أَقْرَنَ، وَمَنْ رَاحَ فِي السَّاعَةِ الرَّابِعَةِ فَكَأَنَّمَا قَرَّبَ دَجَاجَةً، وَمَنْ رَاحَ فِي السَّاعَةِ الْخَامِسَةِ فَكَأَنَّمَا قَرَّبَ بَيْضَةً»
(Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Kitāb al-Jumu‘ah, Bāb Faḍl al-Jumu‘ah, ḥadīth: 881; Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim, Kitāb al-Jumu‘ah, Bāb aṭ-Ṭīb wa as-Siwāk Yawm al-Jumu‘ah, ḥadīth: 850)
Meaning:
- Whoever performs ghusl on Friday like the ghusl of janābah (i.e., washing thoroughly and preparing oneself), and goes in the first hour, it is as if he has offered a camel in sacrifice.
- Whoever goes in the second hour, it is as if he has offered a cow.
- Whoever goes in the third hour, it is as if he has offered a horned ram.
- Whoever goes in the fourth hour, it is as if he has offered a chicken.
- Whoever goes in the fifth hour, it is as if he has offered an egg.
Division of Time
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ divided the time from sunrise on Friday until the imām’s arrival for the khutbah or prayer into five hours.
- Each “hour” here corresponds to a known portion of time, which may be slightly less or more than 60 minutes, since the day length varies.
- This means the period from after Fajr until the imām comes is split into five parts.
Beginning of the First Hour
- The first hour begins at sunrise.
- Some scholars have stated that it begins at Fajr, but the preferred and stronger opinion among the scholars is that it begins after sunrise, since the time before sunrise is the time for Ṣalāt al-Fajr.
ھٰذا ما عندي والله أعلم بالصواب
