❖ Question:
What is the ruling on stipulating conditions at the time of marriage?
Source: Fatāwā Amunpuri by Shaykh Ghulam Mustafa Zaheer Amunpuri
✿ Answer:
- If the conditions are Sharʿī (permissible) and both parties agree upon them, then such conditions are valid and the marriage is contracted.
- If the conditions are un-Islamic (ghayr sharʿī), then it is forbidden to stipulate them, and such conditions are void.
Sayyidah ʿĀ’ishah رضي الله عنها narrated that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:
آپ میں سے ان لوگوں کو کیا ہو گیا ہے، جو ایسی شرطیں لگاتے ہیں، جو کتاب اللہ میں موجود نہیں ہیں، جو شرط کتاب اللہ میں نہیں وہ باطل ہے، خواہ سینکڑوں شرطیں ہی کیوں نہ ہوں۔
(Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī: 2560; Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim: 1504)
Conclusion:
- Valid, Sharʿī conditions (e.g., related to rights, responsibilities, or agreed matters) are permissible and binding in nikāḥ.
- Invalid, un-Islamic conditions (contrary to Qur’an and Sunnah) are null and void, even if both parties agree upon them.
