أخبرنا أبو حنيفة قال حدثنا أبو الحسن موسى بن أبى عائشة عن عبد الله بن شداد بن الهاد عن جابر بن عبد الله عن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: من صلى خلف الإمام . . . حديث من كان له امام . . . [موطا امام محمد]
Jabir ibn Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet (peace be upon him) said, "Whoever prays behind the imam, the recitation of the imam is sufficient for him."
Kindly provide a comprehensive analysis of this narration. I will be extremely grateful. May Allah bless you and grant you success. Ameen.
Jabir ibn Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet (peace be upon him) said, "Whoever prays behind the imam, the recitation of the imam is sufficient for him."
Kindly provide a comprehensive analysis of this narration. I will be extremely grateful. May Allah bless you and grant you success. Ameen.
Response:
The Hadith "من كان له إمام فقرأه الإمام له قرأة" (Whoever has an imam, the imam's recitation suffices for him) has been narrated with different chains of narration and wording. These chains can be categorized into two types:First Type: Chains with Fabricators, Abandoned Narrators, Severely Criticized, and Unknown Narrators:
- The narration of Jabir al-Ju'fi from Abu al-Zubair from Jabir ibn Abdullah(may Allah be pleased with him):
- [Narrated by Ibn Majah, Hadith: 850]
- Jabir al-Ju'fi: He is abandoned. See Kitab al-Kunya wal-Asma by Imam Muslim [Q 96, Kunya: Abu Muhammad] and Kitab al-Du'afa wal-Matrukin by Imam al-Nasai [98].
- Al-Zayla'i said: "Ayub and Zaidah also called him a liar." [Nasb al-Raya 1/345]
- The narration of Abu Harun al-Abdi from Abu Sa'id al-Khudri(may Allah be pleased with him):
- [Narrated by Ibn Adi in al-Kamil 1/524, biography of Isma'il ibn Umar and Ibn Najih]
- Al-Zayla'i narrated from Hammad ibn Zayd: "He was a liar." [Nasb al-Raya 4/201]
- The narration of Sahl ibn Abbas al-Tirmidhiwith his chain:
- [Narrated by al-Daraqutni 1/402, Hadith 1486]
- Al-Daraqutni said: "This Hadith is rejected, and Sahl ibn al-Abbas is abandoned."
- "Because weakness varies, some types cannot be removed by follow-up narrations, such as the narrations of fabricators and those abandoned, they can neither support nor benefit from support." [Ikhtisar 'Ulum al-Hadith p. 38, Definitions of Hassan, Type: 2]
Second Type: Chains with Lesser Weakness:
- Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Shaybaninarrated:
- "Akhbarna Abu Hanifa said: Hadhathana Abu al-Hasan Musa ibn Abi Aisha from Abdullah ibn Shaddad from Jabir ibn Abdullah." [Muwatta al-Shaybani p. 98, Hadith 117]
- This narration is weak due to the unknown status of Abu al-Walid between Abdullah ibn Shaddad and Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him). See Kitab al-Athar attributed to Qadi Abu Yusuf [113], Sunan al-Daraqutni [1/335, Hadith 1223], and Kitab al-Qira'ah by al-Bayhaqi [p. 125, Hadith 314].
- Ahmad ibn Hanbal narrated:
- "Haddathana Aswad ibn 'Amir: Akhbarana Hasan ibn Salih from Abu al-Zubair from Jabir." [Musnad Ahmad, al-Mawsu'ah al-Hadithiyah 23/12, Hadith 14643]
- This narration is weak for two reasons:
- Abu al-Zubair al-Makki is a mudallis (concealer), and the narration is 'an' (from).
- There is an additional intermediary, Jabir al-Ju'fi (abandoned), between Hasan ibn Salih and Abu al-Zubair. See Musnad Ahmad [3/339, Hadith 14698].
- Ahmad ibn Mani' narrated:
- "Thana Ishaq al-Azraq: Thana Sufyan and Sharik from Musa ibn Abi Aisha from Abdullah ibn Shaddad from Jabir." [Ithaf al-Khiyarah al-Maharah by al-Busiri 2/225, Hadith 1567]
- This narration is weak for two reasons:
- Sufyan al-Thawri is a mudallis, and the narration is 'an' (from).
- Sharik al-Qadi is also a mudallis, and the narration is 'an'.