❖ Question:
There is a narration regarding the supplication when entering the marketplace:
"Lā ilāha illallāh, waḥdahu lā sharīka lah, lahu al-mulku wa lahu al-ḥamdu wa huwa ʿalā kulli shayʾin qadīr"
It is reported that whoever recites this upon entering the market:
◈ Will receive one hundred thousand rewards,
◈ One hundred thousand sins will be forgiven.
Is this narration authentic?
❖ Answer:
الحمد لله، والصلاة والسلام علىٰ رسول الله، أما بعد!
✿ Analysis of the Narration:
This narration appears through multiple chains of transmission. Two significant chains are examined below:
First Chain:
Source: Kitāb al-Duʿāʾ by al-Ṭabarānī
Chain:
ʿUbayd ibn Ghannām & al-Ḥaḍramī → Abū Bakr ibn Abī Shaybah → Abū Khālid al-Aḥmar → al-Muhājir ibn Ḥabīb → Sālim ibn ʿAbdullāh → Ibn ʿUmar → ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb → Prophet ﷺ
Text:
(Whoever enters the marketplace and says...)
(Ḥadīth No: 792, 793)
Chain Criticism:
➊ Abū Khālid al-Aḥmar was a mudallis (obfuscating transmitter).
• Juzʾ al-Qirāʾah by al-Bukhārī, Pg. 267
— Since the narration is through ʿanʿanah ("ʿan"), it is considered weak.
➋ No proven meeting between Abū Khālid al-Aḥmar and al-Muhājir ibn Ḥabīb
• Musnad al-Fārūq by Ibn Kathīr, Vol. 2, Pg. 642
— Therefore, this chain is also disconnected (munqaṭiʿ).
Conclusion:
This chain is weak.
Despite this, Shaykh Salīm al-Hilālī graded it as "ḥasan li-dhātih".
• ʿUjālat al-Rāghib al-Mumtaniʿ, Vol. 1, Pg. 239, Ḥadīth 183
However, declaring a weak and disconnected chain as ḥasan li-dhātih is invalid and rejected. Second Chain:
Source: al-Mustadrak by al-Ḥākim
Text:
Reported by Ibn ʿUmar (رضي الله عنهما), the Prophet ﷺ said:
"Whoever enters the marketplace and says..."
(al-Mustadrak, Vol. 1, Pg. 539, Ḥadīth 1975)
Chain:
Masrūq ibn al-Marzubān → Ḥafṣ ibn Ghiyāth → Hishām ibn Ḥassān → ʿAbdullāh ibn Dīnār → Ibn ʿUmar
Chain Criticism:
➊ Ḥafṣ ibn Ghiyāth was a mudallis.
• Ṭabaqāt al-Mudallissīn 1/9, Ṭabaqāt Ibn Saʿd 6/390
— Some later scholars denied this, but Ibn Ḥajar's claim in al-Nukat (2/637) is not reliable here.
➋ Hishām ibn Ḥassān was also a mudallis.
• Ṭabaqāt al-Mudallissīn 3/110
— Again, this narration is via ʿan, making it weak.
Conclusion:
This chain is also weak due to tadlīs and indirect narration.
Despite this, Shaykh Salīm al-Hilālī graded it as ḥasan li-dhātih
• ʿUjālat al-Rāghib al-Mumtaniʿ, Vol. 1, Pg. 241
This grading is not supported by the facts of the chain. Other Weak and Rejected Chains:
Further weak chains of this narration are discussed in:
◈ al-ʿIlal al-Kabīr by al-Tirmidhī (2/912):
– Imām al-Bukhārī and Abū Ḥātim al-Rāzī both called it:
"This ḥadīth is munkar (denounced).”
◈ al-Mustadrak by al-Ḥākim (1/539)
◈ ʿUjālat al-Rāghib al-Mumtaniʿ (1/237–243)
◈ al-Ṣaḥīḥah by al-Albānī (7/381–391, Ḥadīth 3139)
◈ al-Mawsūʿah al-Ḥadīthiyyah: Musnad Aḥmad (1/114, 413)
Opinions of Scholars:
◈ Imām al-Shawkānī (Tuḥfat al-Dhākirīn, Pg. 273)
◈ Shaykh al-Albānī
◈ Shaykh Salīm al-Hilālī
— Some of them declared the narration ḥasan or ṣaḥīḥ, but:
The Correct Position:
All chains of this narration are weak.
There is no sound chain to establish the specific reward mentioned in the ḥadīth.
Wa mā ʿalaynā illā al-balāgh (Ḥadīth 14)ھذا ما عندي واللہ أعلم بالصواب
