Introduction
In the final sitting (Qa’dah) of Salah, after reciting the Darood Ibrahimi, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ taught and himself recited various supplications. These Masnoon Duas, narrated by the noble Companions رضي الله عنهم, provide excellent guidance for us.
❶ Supplication for Protection from Punishments and Trials
Umm al-Mu’minin ‘Aishah رضي الله عنها reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to recite in Salah (in the final sitting):
اَللّٰهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوْذُ بِكَ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ وَأَعُوْذُ بِكَ مِنْ فِتْنَةِ الْمَسِيْحِ الدَّجَّالِ وَأَعُوْذُ بِكَ مِنْ فِتْنَةِ الْمَحْيَا وَالْمَمَاتِ اَللّٰهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوْذُ بِكَ مِنَ الْمَأْثَمِ وَالْمَغْرَمِ
"O Allah! I seek refuge in You from the punishment of the grave, from the trial of the False Messiah, from the trials of life and death. O Allah! I seek refuge in You from sin and debt."
When ‘Aishah رضي الله عنها asked why he often sought refuge from debt, he replied:
"When a man is in debt, he lies and breaks promises."
(Bukhari: 238, Muslim: 985)
❷ Command to Seek Refuge from Four Things
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:
"In Tashahhud, seek refuge in Allah from four things..."
اَللّٰهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوْذُ بِكَ مِنْ عَذَابِ جَهَنَّمَ وَمِنْ عَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ وَمِنْ فِتْنَةِ الْمَحْيَا وَالْمَمَاتِ وَمِنْ شَرِّ فِتْنَةِ الْمَسِيْحِ الدَّجَّالِ
"O Allah! I seek refuge in You from the punishment of Hell, from the punishment of the grave, from the trial of life and death, and from the evil of the trial of the False Messiah."
Ibn ‘Abbas رضي الله عنهما said:
The Prophet ﷺ taught us this supplication as he taught us a Surah of the Qur’an.
(Muslim: 885, 905)
❸ Supplication for Forgiveness and Mercy
Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq رضي الله عنه said:
"O Messenger of Allah! Teach me a supplication to recite in Salah."
The Prophet ﷺ said:
اَللّٰهُمَّ إِنِّي ظَلَمْتُ نَفْسِيْ ظُلْمًا كَثِيْرًا وَلَا يَغْفِرُ الذُّنُوْبَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ فَاغْفِرْ لِيْ مَغْفِرَةً مِنْ عِنْدِكَ وَارْحَمْنِيْ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْغَفُوْرُ الرَّحِيْمُ
"O Allah! I have wronged myself greatly, and none forgives sins except You, so grant me forgiveness from Yourself and have mercy on me. Indeed, You are the Most Forgiving, Most Merciful."
(Bukhari: 834, Muslim: 2704)
❹ Comprehensive Supplication for Forgiveness
Sayyiduna ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib رضي الله عنه reported:
After Tashahhud and before Tasleem, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to say:
اَللّٰهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِيْ مَا قَدَّمْتُ وَمَا أَخَّرْتُ وَمَا أَسْرَرْتُ وَمَا أَعْلَنْتُ وَمَا أَسْرَفْتُ وَمَا أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ مِنِّيْ أَنْتَ الْمُقَدِّمُ وَأَنْتَ الْمُؤَخِّرُ لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ
"O Allah! Forgive me for what I have sent forth and what I have delayed, what I have hidden and what I have made public, and for my excesses, and what You know better than me. You are the One who brings forward and the One who delays; none has the right to be worshipped except You."
(Muslim: 771)
❺ Supplication Based on Tawheed
Sayyiduna Mihjan ibn al-Adra’ رضي الله عنه said:
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered the Masjid and heard a man in the final Tashahhud saying:
اَللّٰهُمَّ إِنِّيْ أَسْأَلُكَ يَا اَللّٰهُ الْأَحَدُ الصَّمَدُ الَّذِيْ لَمْ يَلِدْ وَلَمْ يُوْلَدْ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ كُفُوًا أَحَدٌ أَنْ تَغْفِرَ لِيْ ذُنُوْبِيْ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْغَفُوْرُ الرَّحِيْمُ
"O Allah! I ask You, O Allah, the One, the Self-Sufficient, who neither begets nor is begotten, and there is none comparable to Him, to forgive me my sins. Indeed, You are the Most Forgiving, Most Merciful."
The Prophet ﷺ said:
"You have been forgiven, you have been forgiven, you have been forgiven."
(Abu Dawood: 589, Nasa’i: 2031)
❻ Supplication with Allah’s Greatest Names
Sayyiduna Anas ibn Malik رضي الله عنه narrated:
A man recited in Tashahhud:
اَللّٰهُمَّ إِنِّيْ أَسْأَلُكَ بِأَنَّ لَكَ الْحَمْدَ لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ الْمَنَّانُ بَدِيعُ السَّمٰوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ يَا ذَا الْجَلَالِ وَالْإِكْرَامِ يَا حَيُّ يَا قَيُّوْمُ إِنِّيْ أَسْأَلُكَ
"O Allah! I ask You as all praise belongs to You; there is no god but You, the Bestower of Favours, the Originator of the heavens and the earth, O Lord of Majesty and Honour, O Ever-Living, O Sustainer, I ask You..."
The Prophet ﷺ said:
"By the One in whose hand is my soul, he has asked Allah by His Greatest Name, which, when invoked, He responds, and when asked, He grants."
(Nasa’i: 1301)
❼ Supplication for Life, Death, Fear of Allah, and Paradise
Sayyiduna ‘Ammar ibn Yasir رضي الله عنه narrated:
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to say in Salah:
اَللّٰهُمَّ بِعِلْمِكَ الْغَيْبَ وَقُدْرَتِكَ عَلَى الْخَلْقِ أَحْيِنِيْ مَا عَلِمْتَ الْحَيَاةَ خَيْرًا لِيْ وَتَوَفَّنِيْ إِذَا عَلِمْتَ الْوَفَاةَ خَيْرًا لِيْ ... (full dua as in original)
(Nasa’i: 1306)
❽ Supplication for Protection from the Evil of Deeds
Umm al-Mu’minin ‘Aishah رضي الله عنها reported:
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to say in Salah:
اَللّٰهُمَّ إِنِّيْ أَعُوْذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّ مَا عَمِلْتُ وَمِنْ شَرِّ مَا لَمْ أَعْمَلْ
"O Allah! I seek refuge in You from the evil of what I have done and from the evil of what I have not done."
(Nasa’i: 1308, Muslim: 2716)
