سُوْرَةُ الْمُمْتَحِنَةِ
Surah Al-Mumtahana (60) — Ayah 13
يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ لَا تَتَوَلَّوْا۟ قَوْمًا غَضِبَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ قَدْ يَئِسُوا۟ مِنَ ٱلْـَٔاخِرَةِ كَمَا يَئِسَ ٱلْكُفَّارُ مِنْ أَصْحَـٰبِ ٱلْقُبُورِ ﴿13﴾
Translation by Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan & Dr. Taqi-ud-Din al-Hilali
O you who believe! Take not as friends the people who incurred the Wrath of Allâh (i.e. the Jews). Surely, they have despaired of (receiving any good in) the Hereafter, just as the disbelievers have despaired of those (buried) in graves (that they will not be resurrected on the Day of Resurrection).
Word by Word — Arabic, Transliteration & Meaning
يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا
yāayyuhā
O you
ٱلَّذِينَ
alladhīna
who
ءَامَنُوا۟
āmanū
believe
لَا
lā
(Do) not
تَتَوَلَّوْا۟
tatawallaw
make allies
قَوْمًا
qawman
(of) a people
غَضِبَ
ghaḍiba
(The) wrath
ٱللَّهُ
l-lahu
(of) Allah
عَلَيْهِمْ
ʿalayhim
(is) upon them
قَدْ
qad
Indeed
يَئِسُوا۟
ya-isū
they despair
مِنَ
mina
of
ٱلْـَٔاخِرَةِ
l-ākhirati
the Hereafter
كَمَا
kamā
as
يَئِسَ
ya-isa
despair
ٱلْكُفَّارُ
l-kufāru
the disbelievers
مِنْ
min
of
أَصْحَـٰبِ
aṣḥābi
(the) companions
ٱلْقُبُورِ
l-qubūri
(of) the graves
Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim — Hafiz Abdus Salam Bin Muhammad Bhutvi
Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim is a 4-volume Quran commentary by Hafiz Abdus Salam bin Muhammad Bhutvi, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar and Sheikh ul-Hadith from Pakistan. Based on over 45 years of teaching and research, this tafsir follows the methodology of Tafsir bil-Ma'thur — interpreting the Quran through authentic Hadith, statements of the Companions, and the understanding of the early generations (Salaf). It is distinguished by its complete avoidance of Israeliyyat (Judeo-Christian narratives) and unverified reports. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.
(Ayah 13) ➊ At the beginning of {يٰۤاَيُّهَا الَّذِيْنَ اٰمَنُوْا لَا تَتَوَلَّوْا قَوْمًا غَضِبَ اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِمْ:} Surah, in {’’ لَا تَتَّخِذُوْا عَدُوِّيْ وَ عَدُوَّكُمْ اَوْلِيَآءَ ‘‘}, friendship with the polytheists was forbidden; at the end, friendship with the Jews was forbidden. In the Noble Qur’an, {’’مغضوب عليهم‘‘} generally refers to the Jews. See the commentary of {’’ غَيْرِ الْمَغْضُوْبِ عَلَيْهِمْ ‘‘} in Surah Al-Fatiha.
➋ {قَدْ يَىِٕسُوْا مِنَ الْاٰخِرَةِ كَمَا يَىِٕسَ الْكُفَّارُ مِنْ اَصْحٰبِ الْقُبُوْرِ:} This verse has been interpreted in two ways: one is that {’’ مِنْ ‘‘} is declarative and is a statement of {’’ اَصْحٰبِ الْقُبُوْرِ ‘‘ ’’ الْكُفَّارُ ‘‘}. That is, do not take as friends those upon whom Allah is angry, (because they knowingly, and while recognizing that you, O Prophet, are a true Prophet, refused to believe in you, therefore) they have despaired of (all good in) the Hereafter, just as those disbelievers who are among the people of the graves have despaired of (all good in) the Hereafter, meaning those disbelievers who have died and, having seen their punishment with their own eyes, have despaired of all good; in the same way, these Jews, due to knowingly rejecting the truth, have despaired of (all good in) the Hereafter, so do not take them as friends. The translation in the text is according to this meaning, and Tabari has preferred this meaning. The second interpretation is that {’’ مِنْ ‘‘} is introductory, and the meaning is that do not take as friends those upon whom Allah is angry, who have despaired of the occurrence of the Hereafter just as the disbelievers have despaired of the return of the people of the graves. Both interpretations are correct.
➌ Some scholars have kept {’’مغضوب عليهم‘‘} general and have said that just as the words of {’’ عَدُوِّيْ وَ عَدُوَّكُمْ ‘‘} are general, so too are the words of {’’مغضوب عليهم‘‘} general; they include Jews, Christians, polytheists, and hypocrites—all are included, and Allah has forbidden friendship with all of them, and Allah’s anger is upon all of them. All are deprived of any hope of good in the Hereafter, and all disbelievers have also despaired of the dead returning to them. In the Noble Qur’an, the word “anger” has been used for disbelievers other than the Jews as well. See Surah Al-A’raf (71), An-Nahl (106), Ash-Shura (16), and Surah Al-Fath (6).
➋ {قَدْ يَىِٕسُوْا مِنَ الْاٰخِرَةِ كَمَا يَىِٕسَ الْكُفَّارُ مِنْ اَصْحٰبِ الْقُبُوْرِ:} This verse has been interpreted in two ways: one is that {’’ مِنْ ‘‘} is declarative and is a statement of {’’ اَصْحٰبِ الْقُبُوْرِ ‘‘ ’’ الْكُفَّارُ ‘‘}. That is, do not take as friends those upon whom Allah is angry, (because they knowingly, and while recognizing that you, O Prophet, are a true Prophet, refused to believe in you, therefore) they have despaired of (all good in) the Hereafter, just as those disbelievers who are among the people of the graves have despaired of (all good in) the Hereafter, meaning those disbelievers who have died and, having seen their punishment with their own eyes, have despaired of all good; in the same way, these Jews, due to knowingly rejecting the truth, have despaired of (all good in) the Hereafter, so do not take them as friends. The translation in the text is according to this meaning, and Tabari has preferred this meaning. The second interpretation is that {’’ مِنْ ‘‘} is introductory, and the meaning is that do not take as friends those upon whom Allah is angry, who have despaired of the occurrence of the Hereafter just as the disbelievers have despaired of the return of the people of the graves. Both interpretations are correct.
➌ Some scholars have kept {’’مغضوب عليهم‘‘} general and have said that just as the words of {’’ عَدُوِّيْ وَ عَدُوَّكُمْ ‘‘} are general, so too are the words of {’’مغضوب عليهم‘‘} general; they include Jews, Christians, polytheists, and hypocrites—all are included, and Allah has forbidden friendship with all of them, and Allah’s anger is upon all of them. All are deprived of any hope of good in the Hereafter, and all disbelievers have also despaired of the dead returning to them. In the Noble Qur’an, the word “anger” has been used for disbelievers other than the Jews as well. See Surah Al-A’raf (71), An-Nahl (106), Ash-Shura (16), and Surah Al-Fath (6).
