Surah Al-An'aam (6) — Ayah 141

(Ayah 141) ➊ The root of {وَ هُوَ الَّذِيْۤ اَنْشَاَ جَنّٰتٍ مَّعْرُوْشٰتٍ وَّ غَيْرَ مَعْرُوْشٰتٍ …… :} { ’’ مَعْرُوْشٰتٍ ‘‘} is "Arsh" (ن، ض). When it is mentioned with the vine of a plant, it means to lift its branches up on sticks or similar supports. {’’عَرَشَ الْكَرْمَ‘‘} means He raised the grapevine on wood or similar support.
➋ { مُتَشَابِهًا وَّ غَيْرَ مُتَشَابِهٍ:} For the explanation of this sentence, see the footnote of verse (99) of this surah.
➌ In this verse, Allah Almighty, after mentioning every crop, fruit, vegetable, and tree that grows from the earth, has commanded that its due should be given on the day of harvest. Therefore, it is necessary to pay Allah's due from every fruit and crop that grows from the earth, whether they are {’’مَعْرُوْشٰتٍ ‘‘ }, that is, those whose vines are raised on roofs, such as grapes, gourds, etc., or such gardens whose vines spread on the ground, such as melons, watermelons, cantaloupes, etc., or such fruit-bearing trees that stand on their trunks, such as dates, olives, and pomegranates, etc., or any crop whatsoever. It is obligatory to take out Allah's due from every fruit and crop that grows from the earth, and the greatest right of Allah in wealth is Zakat and Ushr. According to the saying of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), in every crop irrigated by rain, springs, and canals, Ushr is due, that is, one out of ten, and in every crop irrigated by drawing water, half of Ushr is due, that is, one out of twenty. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) did not exempt any crop from this. Detailed rulings can be seen in the books of hadith.
Some scholars say that there is no Ushr on vegetables and on those fruits that cannot be stored, such as oranges, pomegranates, etc. As evidence, they mention the hadith of Tirmidhi that there is no charity on vegetables, but Imam Tirmidhi himself said that neither is the chain of this hadith Sahih nor is there any other hadith from the Prophet (peace be upon him) established for this meaning. In this verse, every crop, olive, and pomegranate is mentioned, although pomegranates cannot be stored. Considering the practice during the time of the Prophet, at most it can be said that the government should arrange to collect Ushr on those things that can be stored, and the owners of the rest of the gardens and fields should distribute Allah's due themselves among the deserving. In the seventh volume of Fatawa Ulama-e-Hadith, the matter of Ushr from every fruit and crop is explained in great detail and with evidence in the articles of many eminent scholars.
➍ {’’ وَ لَا تُسْرِفُوْا ‘‘} means to spend in an unlawful place as well as to spend beyond moderation; likewise, excess in eating is also prohibited, as He said: «وَ كُلُوْا وَ اشْرَبُوْا وَ لَا تُسْرِفُوْا» [ الأعراف : ۳۱ ] "And eat and drink, but do not be excessive." According to Hafiz Ibn Kathir (may Allah have mercy on him), this last meaning is more appropriate here, also because it is harmful to both body and mind. To give so much charity that a person himself becomes needy and is forced to beg is also extravagance. This command is also for rulers that they should not collect more than what is due from anyone.